The potential of Cosmos sulphureus flower extract as a bioherbicide for Cyperus rotundus

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.sidebar##

PDF
DOI https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d201215
Issue
Vol. 20 No. 12 (2019)
Section
Articles

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##

DYAH WENY RESPATIE ♥
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada. Jl. Flora No. 1, Bulaksumur, Sleman 55281, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
PRAPTO YUDONO
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada. Jl. Flora No. 1, Bulaksumur, Sleman 55281, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
AZIZ PURWANTORO
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada. Jl. Flora No. 1, Bulaksumur, Sleman 55281, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Y. ANDI TRISYONO
Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada. Jl. Flora No. 1, Bulaksumur, Sleman 55281, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Abstract

Abstract. Respatie. D. W, Yudono P, Purwantoro A, Trisyono Y.A. 2019. The potential of Cosmos sulphureus flower extract as a bioherbicide for Cyperus rotundus. Biodiversitas 20: 3568-3574. Cosmos (Cosmos sulphureus Cav.) flower is recognized as natural source of bioherbicide compounds for several weeds. The purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.) is an important weed, and this research was aimed to determine the effects of cosmos flower extract on this weed. Dried cosmos flowers were threshed and extracted using maceration method with 70% alcohol. The experiment was conducted in the greenhouse using a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. Purple nutsedge tubers were planted in polybags and treated with cosmos flower extract applicated once to three times with 300 mL polybag-1 at the concentration of 40%. Different levels of inhibitions on purple nutsedge growth were observed at 30 and 60 days after sowing (DAS) due to the presence of gallic acid in the extract. Growth parameters for purple nutsedge were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and followed by Least Significant Differences (LSD) at ?=0.05. Significant reductions in the number of mother shoots, daughter shoots, and roots, length of mother leaves, length of rhizomes, root, and total leaf area of the purple nutsedge treated with the cosmos flower extract at 30 DAS compared to those in the control. A significant reduction was also observed in foliage dry weight, underground organs dry weight, and total dry weight of purple nutsedge. The three application times yielded maximum inhibition. In addition, these treatments reduced N, P, and  K content, chlorophyll content, and photosynthesis rates at 30 DAS. These results suggest that cosmos flower extract has the potential for controlling purple nutsedge.

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##

References
Abenavoli MR, Sorgona A, Sidari M, Badiani M, Fuggi A. 2003. Coumarin inhibits the growth of carrot (Daucus carota L. Cv. Saint Valery) cell in suspension culture. J Plant Physiol 160: 227–237.
Arora K, Batish DR, Singh HP, Kohli RK. 2015. Allelopathic potential of the essential oil of wild marigold (Tagetes minuta L.) against some invasive weeds. J Environ Agric Sci 3: 56-60.
Arunbabu T, Jena SN. 2018. Weeds and progressive weed management techniques in rice (Oryza sativa L.): a review. BEPLS 7: 108-117.
Batish, DR, Arora K, Singh HP, Kohli RK. 2007. Potential utilization of dried powder of Tagetes minuta as a natural herbicide for managing rice weeds. Crop Prot 26: 566–571.
Bernat W, Gawronska H, Zakresewska W, Gawronski SW. 2007. Physiological effects of allelopathic activity of sunflower on mustard. Allelopathy J 19: 1–10.
Bogatek R, Gniadzwoska A, Zakrzewska W, Oracz K, Gawronski SW. 2006. Allelopathic effects of sunflower extracts on mustard seed germination and seedling growth. Biol Plantarum 50: 156-158Chon SU, Kim YM. 2004. Herbicidal potential and quantification of suspected allelochemicals from four grass crop extracts. J Agron Crop Sci 190: 145-150.
Durigan JC, Timossi PC, Correia NM. 2006. Integrated management of purple nutsedge on sugarcane yield. Planta Daninha 24: 77-81.
El-Rokiek KG, El-Din SAS, El-Masry RR. 2006. Improving the control of purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.) with glyphosate by preconditioning treatment with benzyl adenine. Egypt J Appl Sci 21: 79-96.
El-Rokiek KG, El-Metwally IM, Messiha NK, El-Din SAS. 2007. Influence of some herbicides on the growth and propagative capacity of purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.). J Agric Sci 32: 2477-2489.
El-Rokiek KG, El-Din SAS, Messiha NK, El-Masry RR. 2009. Effect of growth regulators, alar or trichlorobenzoic acid and the herbicide basagran on the growth and propagative capacity of purple nutsedge (cyperus rotundus L). Ann Agric Sci 54: 59-75.
El-Rokiek KG, El-Masry RR, Messiha NK, Ahmed SA. 2010. The allelopathic effect of mango leaves on the growth and propagative capacity of purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.). Journal of American Science 6: 151-159.
Ferell JA, Earl HJ, Vencill WK. 2004. Duration of yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus) competitiveness after herbicide treatment. Weed Sci 52: 24-27.
Guha A, Sengupta D, Rasineni GK, Reddy AR. 2009. An integrated diagnostic approach to understand drought tolerance in mulberry (Morus indica L). Flora 205: 144-151.
Gonzales L, Sauto XC, Reigoza MJ. 1997. Weed control by Capsicum annum. Allelopathy J 4: 101-109.
Harborne JB. 1996. Metode Fitokimia: Penuntun Cara Modern Menganalisa Tumbuhan. Terbitan Kedua, ITB, Bandung.
Holm LG, Plucknett DL, Pancho JV, Herberger JP. 1991. The World’s Sworst Weeds: Distribution and Biology. Krieger Pub Co. Malabar, FL, USA.
Horowitz M. 1992. Mechanisms of establishment and spreading of Cyperus rotundus - the worst weed of warm regions. Proc First Int Weed Cont Congr 1: 94–97.
Huang JH, Fu R, Liang CX, Dong DF, Luo XL. 2010. Allelopathic effects of cassava (Manihot esculenta crantz.) on radish (Raphanus sativus L.) and ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.). Allelopathy J 25: 155-162.
Hussain I, Singh NB, Singh A, Singh H. 2017. Allelopathic potential of sesame plant leachate against Cyperus rotundus L. Ann Agrar Sci 15: 141-147.
Isda MN, Siti F, Rahmi F. 2013. Potensi ekstrak daun gulma babandotan (Ageratum conyzoides L.) terhadap perkecambahan dan pertumbuhan Paspalum conjugatum Berg. Jurnal Biologi 2: 120-125.
Kaisoon O, Siriamornpun S, Weerapreeyakul N, Meeso N. 2011. Phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities of edible flowers from Thailand. J Funct Food 3: 88–99.
Kaur G, Alamb MS, Jabbar Z, Javed K, Athar M. 2006. Evaluation of antioxidant activity of Cassia siamea flowers. J Ethnopharmacol 108: 340–348.
Kaur I, Sharma R. 2016. Allelopathic effect of Ageratum conyzoides on chlorophyll content in the leaves of mungbean. Int J Recent Sci Res 7: 13296–13297.
Khan R, Khan MA. 2010. Weed control efficiency of bioherbicides and their impact on grain yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). EJAS. 4: 216-219.
Khang DT, Anh LH, Ha PTT, Tuyen PT, Quan NV, Minh LT, Quan NT, Minh TN, Xuan TD, Khanh TD, Trung KH. 2016. Allelopathic activity of dehulled rice and its allelochemicals on weed germination. ILNS 58: 1-10.
Lichtenthaler HK. 1987. Chlorophyll and carotenoids: pigments of photosyntethetic biomembranes. Methods Enzymol 148: 350–382.
Li ZH, Wang Q, Ruan X, Pan CD, Jiang DA. 2010. Phenolic and plant allelopathy. Molecules 15: 8933-8952.
Michelet B, Bountry M. 1995. The plasma membrane H+ -ATPase: A highly regulated enzyme with multiply physiological functions. Plant Physiol 108: 1-6.
Moenandir J. 1993. Ilmu Gulma Dalam Sistem Pertanian. Raja Grafindo Persada, Jakarta.
Morais CSB, dos Santos LAS, Rossetto CAV. 2014. Oil radish development agronomic affected by sunflower plants reduces. Biosci J 30: 117–128.
Nishimoto R. 2001. Purple nutsedge tuber sprouting. Weed Biol Manag 1: 203-208.
Palmgren MG. 2001. Plant plasma membran H+ -ATPase: Powerhouse for nutrient uptake. Annu. Rev. Plant Biol. 52: 817-845.
Respatie DW, Yudono P, Purwantoro A, Trisyono YA. 2019. The potential of Cosmos sulphureus Cav. extracts as a natural herbicide. AIP Conference Proceeding (In Press).
Singh HP, Batish DR, Kaur S, Kohli RK. 2003. Phytotoxic interference of Ageratum conyzoides with wheat (Triticum aestivum). J Agron Crop Sci 189: 341–346.
Shafique S, Bajwa R, Shafique S. 2011. Tagetes erectus L. – a potential resolution for management of Parthenium hysterophorus L. Pak J Bot 43: 885-894.
Singh HP, Batish DR, Kohli RK. 2003. Allelopathic interaction and allelochemicals: new possibilities for sustainable weed management. Crit Rev Plant Sci 22: 239-311.
Sugiharti W, Trisyono YA, Martono E, Witjaksono. 2018. Manfaat bunga Turnera subulata dan Cosmos sulphureus bagi kehidupan Anagrus nilaparvatae (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae). JPTI 22: 43–50.
Taiz L, Zeger E. 2002. Plant Physiology. Third Edition. Sinauer Associates Inc. Publisher, Massachusets.
Wichittrakarn P. 2015. Allelopathic potential of Tagetes Erecta L.; its partially separation of active compounds and its mechanism on seed germination on Echinochloa Crus-galli (L.) Beauv. SICBENS-855.
Yang, CM, Chang, IF, Lin SJ, Chou CH. 2004. Effects of three allelopathic phenolics on chlorophyll accumulation of rice (Oryza sativa) seedlings: II. Stimulation of consumption-orientation. Bot Bull Acad Sin 45: 119-125.
Youwei Z, Jinlian Z, Yonghong P. 2008. A comparative study on the free radical scavenging activities of some fresh flowers in southern China. LWT–Food Sci Technol 41: 1586–1591.