Species distribution modeling and phenotypic diversity reveals collection gap in the Musa balbisiana germplasm conservation in Philippines
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8608-7060
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Abstract. Rabara RC, Sotto RC, Salas EAL. 2020. Species distribution modeling and phenotypic diversity reveal collection gap in the Musa balbisiana germplasm conservation in Philippines. Asian J Agric 4: 71-82. Musa balbisiana is one of the progenitors of cultivated bananas. Its conservation is crucial because of its important phenotypic traits for breeding and genetic improvement of future Musa crops. In the Philippines, the largest ex-situ germplasm collection of M. balbisiana was characterized to assess their phenotypic diversity. Diversity analyses of the 97 plant samples revealed high diversity in the collection. Of the 80 quantitative traits that showed diversity, 51% showed high diversity indices (H?=0.76 to 0.99) while 20% and 29% of the traits have medium and low diversity, respectively. Nineteen percent of the scored morphological traits were invariants, which may reflect the need to increase diversity in the germplasm holdings. Species distribution analysis revealed that annual mean temperature and annual precipitation influenced the species distribution models suggesting the importance of these two environmental factors to species establishment. Overall, phenotypic diversity analyses and species distribution models revealed gaps in the collection. Further collection trips are recommended to increase diversity on traits with low diversity indices and to increase representative accessions from southern Philippines.
2017-01-01
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References
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Bosso L, Russo D, Di Febbraro M, Cristinzio G and Zoina A (2016) Potential distribution of Xylella fastidiosa in Italy: A maximum entropy model. Phytopathologia Mediterranea, 55: 62-72.
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de Vicente MC, Guzman FA, Engels J and RaoV (2006) Genetic characterization and its use in decision-making for the conservation of crop germplasm. The role of biotechnology in exploring and protecting agricultural genetic resources, 2129-2138.
Fielder H, Brotherton P, Hosking J, Hopkins JJ, Ford-Lloyd B and Maxted N (2015) Enhancing the conservation of crop wild relatives in England. PloS one, 10, e0130804.
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Guarino L (1995) Mapping the ecogeographic distribution of biodiversity. Collecting plant genetic diversity. Technical guidelines. CAB International, Wallingford, United Kingdom, 287-328.
Hajjar R and Hodgkin T (2007) The use of wild relatives in crop improvement: A survey of developments over the last 20 years. Euphytica, 156: 1-13.
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Hijmans RJ, Garrett K, Huaman Z, Zhang D, Schreuder M and Bonierbale M (2000) Assessing the geographic representativeness of genebank collections: The case of Bolivian wild potatoes. Conservation Biology, 14: 1755-1765.
Hijmans RJ and Spooner DM (2001) Geographic distribution of wild potato species. American Journal of Botany, 88: 2101-2112.
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McCouch SR, McNally KL, Wang W and Hamilton RS (2012) Genomics of gene banks: A case study in rice. American Journal of Botany, 2:407-23.
Oliveira-Filho AT and Fontes MAL (2000) Patterns of floristic differentiation among Atlantic forests in Southeastern Brazil and the influence of Climate1. Biotropica, 32, 793-810.
Parra-Quijano M, Iriondo JM, Torres E (2012) Ecogeographical land characterization maps as a tool for assessing plant adaptation and their implications in agrobiodiversity studies. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 59: 205-217.
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Rabara RC, Ferrer MC, Calayugan MIC, Duldulao MD and Jara-Rabara J (2015) Conservation of rice genetic resources for food security. Advances in Food Technology and Nutritional Sciences, SE (1): S51-S56.
Rabara RC, Ferrer MC, Diaz CL, Newingham MCV and Romero GO (2014) Phenotypic Diversity of Farmers’ Traditional Rice Varieties in the Philippines. Agronomy, 4, 217-241.
Ramirez, J., Jarvis, A., Van den Bergh, I., Staver, C., and Turner, D. (2011). Changing climates: effects on growing conditions for banana and plantain (Musa spp.) and possible responses. Crop adaptation to climate change, 19, 426-438.
Ramírez-Villegas J, Khoury C, Jarvis A, Debouck DG and Guarino L. (2010) A gap analysis methodology for collecting crop genepools: A case study with Phaseolus beans. PloS One, 5, e13497.
Rohlf F (2002) NTSYSpc: Numerical taxonomy system, ver. 2.1. Setauket, NY: Exeter Publishing Ltd.
Silva-Flores R, Pérez-Verdín G and Wehenkel C (2014) Patterns of tree species diversity in relation to climatic factors on the Sierra Madre Occidental, Mexico. PloS One, 9, e105034.
Sotto RC and Rabara RC (2000) Morphological diversity of Musa balbisiana Colla in the Philippines. InfoMusa 9: 28–30 (2000).
Subbaraya U, Lutaladio N and Baudoin WO (2006) Farmers’ knowledge of wild Musa in India. Plant Production and Protection Division, FAO, Rome, 1-46.
Taylor R (1990) Interpretation of the correlation coefficient: A basic review. Journal of Diagnostic Medical Sonography, 6: 35-39.
Tyack N and Dempewolf H (2015) The economics of crop wild relatives under climate change. In: Crop Wild Relatives and Climate Change, John Wiley & Sons, Inc, pp. 281-291.
van Zonneveld M, Thomas E, Galluzzi G and Scheldeman X (2011) Mapping the ecogeographic distribution of biodiversity and GIS tools for plant germplasm collectors. In: Collecting plant genetic diversity: Techical guidelines – 2011 update, CAB International, Wallingford, United Kingdom.
Von Bothmer R and Seberg O. (1995) Strategies for the collecting of wild species. Collecting plant genetic diversity: Technical guidelines. CAB International, Wallingford, United Kingdom, 93-111.
Zhao, Y., Cao, H., Xu, W., Chen, G., Lian, J., Du, Y., and Ma, K. (2018). Contributions of precipitation and temperature to the large scale geographic distribution of fleshy-fruited plant species: Growth form matters. Scientific reports, 8(1), 1-9.
Austin MP and Van Niel KP (2011) Improving species distribution models for climate change studies: Variable selection and scale. Journal of Biogeography, 38: 1-8.
Bioversity International (2006) An introduction to crop wild relatives. In: Crop wild relatives. Bioversity International, Rome, Italy.
Bonkoungou EG (2001) Biodiversity in drylands: Challenges and opportunities for conservation and sustainable use. In: Challenge Paper: The Global Drylands Initiative, UNDP Drylands Development Centre, Nairobi, Kenya, 20.
Bosso L, Russo D, Di Febbraro M, Cristinzio G and Zoina A (2016) Potential distribution of Xylella fastidiosa in Italy: A maximum entropy model. Phytopathologia Mediterranea, 55: 62-72.
Davey MW, Gudimella R, Harikrishna JA, Sin LW, Khalid N and Keulemans J (2013) A draft Musa balbisiana genome sequence for molecular genetics in polyploid, inter-and intra-specific Musa hybrids. BMC Genomics, 14, 683.
de Vicente MC, Guzman FA, Engels J and RaoV (2006) Genetic characterization and its use in decision-making for the conservation of crop germplasm. The role of biotechnology in exploring and protecting agricultural genetic resources, 2129-2138.
Fielder H, Brotherton P, Hosking J, Hopkins JJ, Ford-Lloyd B and Maxted N (2015) Enhancing the conservation of crop wild relatives in England. PloS one, 10, e0130804.
Fielding AH and Bell JF (1997) A review of methods for the assessment of prediction errors in conservation presence/absence models. Environmental conservation, 24: 38-49.
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) (2017) Banana market review 2015-2016. Rome. Accessed at http://www.fao.org/3/a-i7410e.pdf.
FAO (2014) Banana market review and banana statistics 2012-2013. Rome. Accessed at http://www.fao.org/docrep/019/i3627e/i3627e.pdf.
Guarino L (1995) Mapping the ecogeographic distribution of biodiversity. Collecting plant genetic diversity. Technical guidelines. CAB International, Wallingford, United Kingdom, 287-328.
Hajjar R and Hodgkin T (2007) The use of wild relatives in crop improvement: A survey of developments over the last 20 years. Euphytica, 156: 1-13.
Hermann M.(1988) Progress report of the IBPGR research project on the genetic resources of Andean tuber crops. AGP-IBPGR report, 892.
Heslop-Harrison JS and Schwarzacher T (2007) Domestication, genomics and the future for banana. Annals of Botany, 100:1073-1084.
Hijmans RJ, Garrett K, Huaman Z, Zhang D, Schreuder M and Bonierbale M (2000) Assessing the geographic representativeness of genebank collections: The case of Bolivian wild potatoes. Conservation Biology, 14: 1755-1765.
Hijmans RJ and Spooner DM (2001) Geographic distribution of wild potato species. American Journal of Botany, 88: 2101-2112.
Hijmans RJ, Guarino L, Cruz M and Rojas E (2001) Computer tools for spatial analysis of plant genetic resources data: 1. DIVA-GIS. Plant Genetic Resources Newsletter, 15-19.
Hijmans RJ, Cameron SE, Parra JL, Jones PG and Jarvis A (2005) Very high resolution interpolated climate surfaces for global land areas. International Journal of Climatology, 25: 1965-1978.
Hölscher D, Dhakshinamoorthy S, Alexandrov T, Becker M, Bretschneider T, Buerkert A, Crecelius AC, De Waele D, Elsen A, Heckel DG, Heklau H, Hertweck C, Kai M, Knop K, Krafft C, Maddula RK, Matthäus C, Popp J, Schneider B, Schubert US, Sikora RA, Svatoš A and Swennen RL (2014) Phenalenone-type phytoalexins mediate resistance of banana plants (Musa spp.) to the burrowing nematode Radopholus similis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 111: 105-110.
Hunter D and Heywood V (2012) Crop wild relatives: A manual of in situ conservation. Routledge.
IPGRI-INIBAP/CIRAD (1996) Descriptors for banana (Musa spp.). International Plant Genetic Resources Institute, Rome, Italy/International Network for the Improvement of Banana and Plantain, Montpellier, France/Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, Montpellier, France.
Jarvis A, Williams K, Williams D, Guarino L, Caballero P and Mottram G. (2005) Use of GIS for optimizing a collecting mission for a rare wild pepper (Capsicum flexuosum Sendtn.) in Paraguay. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 52: 671-682.
Kumakech A, Kiggundu A and Okori P (2013) Reaction of Musa balbisiana to banana bacterial wilt infection. African Crop Science Journal, 21.
Lalusin AG and Villavicencio MLH (2015) Abaca (Musa textilis Nee) breeding in the Philippines. In: Cruz VMV and Dierig DA (eds) Industrial crops: Breeding for bioenery and bioproducts. Springer Science+Business Media, New York, pp. 265-289.
McCouch SR, McNally KL, Wang W and Hamilton RS (2012) Genomics of gene banks: A case study in rice. American Journal of Botany, 2:407-23.
Oliveira-Filho AT and Fontes MAL (2000) Patterns of floristic differentiation among Atlantic forests in Southeastern Brazil and the influence of Climate1. Biotropica, 32, 793-810.
Parra-Quijano M, Iriondo JM, Torres E (2012) Ecogeographical land characterization maps as a tool for assessing plant adaptation and their implications in agrobiodiversity studies. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 59: 205-217.
Phillips SJ, Anderson RP and Schapire RE (2006) Maximum entropy modeling of species geographic distributions. Ecological Modelling, 190: 231-259.
PwC (PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP) (2013) Crop wild relatives: A valuable resource for crop development. PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, United Kingdom. Accessed at http://pwc.blogs.com/files/pwc-seed-bank-analysis-for-msb-0713.pdf.
Rabara RC, Ferrer MC, Calayugan MIC, Duldulao MD and Jara-Rabara J (2015) Conservation of rice genetic resources for food security. Advances in Food Technology and Nutritional Sciences, SE (1): S51-S56.
Rabara RC, Ferrer MC, Diaz CL, Newingham MCV and Romero GO (2014) Phenotypic Diversity of Farmers’ Traditional Rice Varieties in the Philippines. Agronomy, 4, 217-241.
Ramirez, J., Jarvis, A., Van den Bergh, I., Staver, C., and Turner, D. (2011). Changing climates: effects on growing conditions for banana and plantain (Musa spp.) and possible responses. Crop adaptation to climate change, 19, 426-438.
Ramírez-Villegas J, Khoury C, Jarvis A, Debouck DG and Guarino L. (2010) A gap analysis methodology for collecting crop genepools: A case study with Phaseolus beans. PloS One, 5, e13497.
Rohlf F (2002) NTSYSpc: Numerical taxonomy system, ver. 2.1. Setauket, NY: Exeter Publishing Ltd.
Silva-Flores R, Pérez-Verdín G and Wehenkel C (2014) Patterns of tree species diversity in relation to climatic factors on the Sierra Madre Occidental, Mexico. PloS One, 9, e105034.
Sotto RC and Rabara RC (2000) Morphological diversity of Musa balbisiana Colla in the Philippines. InfoMusa 9: 28–30 (2000).
Subbaraya U, Lutaladio N and Baudoin WO (2006) Farmers’ knowledge of wild Musa in India. Plant Production and Protection Division, FAO, Rome, 1-46.
Taylor R (1990) Interpretation of the correlation coefficient: A basic review. Journal of Diagnostic Medical Sonography, 6: 35-39.
Tyack N and Dempewolf H (2015) The economics of crop wild relatives under climate change. In: Crop Wild Relatives and Climate Change, John Wiley & Sons, Inc, pp. 281-291.
van Zonneveld M, Thomas E, Galluzzi G and Scheldeman X (2011) Mapping the ecogeographic distribution of biodiversity and GIS tools for plant germplasm collectors. In: Collecting plant genetic diversity: Techical guidelines – 2011 update, CAB International, Wallingford, United Kingdom.
Von Bothmer R and Seberg O. (1995) Strategies for the collecting of wild species. Collecting plant genetic diversity: Technical guidelines. CAB International, Wallingford, United Kingdom, 93-111.
Zhao, Y., Cao, H., Xu, W., Chen, G., Lian, J., Du, Y., and Ma, K. (2018). Contributions of precipitation and temperature to the large scale geographic distribution of fleshy-fruited plant species: Growth form matters. Scientific reports, 8(1), 1-9.