Physiological responses of Centella asiatica to the herbicides of glyphosate and 2,4-D

Abstract

Abstract. Amiati GS, Solichatun, Anggarwulan E. 2019. Physiological responses of Centella asiatica to the herbicides of glyphosate and 2,4-D. Cell Biol Dev 3: 69-80. The objective of this study was to determine the physiological response of Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. or gotu kola to the glyphosate herbicides and 2,4-Diclorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with two treatment factors: the type of herbicide and the dose of herbicide (0 L.ha^-1; 0.25 L.ha^-1; 0.5 L.ha^-1; 0.75 L.ha^-1; 1 L.ha^-1). The quantitative data obtained were examined by analysis of variance (ANOVA) to determine whether there was an effect of the treatments and followed by the DMRT (Duncan’s Multiple Range Test) at a 5% level to determine the significant difference between the treatments. The t-test determined the effectiveness of glyphosate and 2,4-D. The results showed that the glyphosate herbicide at a dose of 0.25 to 1 L/ha did not inhibit the number of leaves, dry weight, and nitrate reductase. The glyphosate dose of 0.25 to 0.75 L/ha did not inhibit the formation of gross weight, chlorophyll content, and respiration rate. The glyphosate dose of 0.25 to 0.5 L/ha did not inhibit the leaf area and carotenoid content of C. asiatica. Herbicide of 2,4-D at a dose of 0.25 to 1 L/ha did not inhibit chlorophyll, respiration rate, and nitrate reductase. The glyphosate dose of 0.25 to 0.5 L/ha did not inhibit the formation of the number of leaves, leaf area, gross weight, dry weight, and carotenoid content. The glyphosate herbicide gave a lower inhibitory effect than the herbicide of 2,4-D in terms of growth: number of leaves, leaf area, gross weight, and dry weight. Cultivation of C. asiatica is more suitable for using the glyphosate herbicide because the growth of C. asiatica generally remains good. The glyphosate herbicide at a dose of 0.25 L.ha^-1 gave the highest yield on the formation of C. asiatica biomass.