Leaf anatomy of twenty Dioscorea cultivars from Nigeria
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Abstract. Matthew JO, Azeez SO, Akinloye AJ, Alebiowu G, Faluyi JO. 2024. Leaf anatomy of twenty Dioscorea cultivars from Nigeria. Cell Biol Dev 8: 1-12. Dioscorea spp. is an important food crop in Nigeria; Dioscorea alata L., D. cayenensis Lam., D. dumetorum (Kunth) Pax, and D. rotundata Poir. are the major species cultivated in this country. Previous studies on anatomical research of the genus Dioscorea have been concentrated mostly on quantitative morphometrics, while broad foliar anatomical studies, especially qualitative features of this crop receive little attention. Therefore, using qualitative and quantitative characteristic features in the anatomical study will be more detailed; ditto this study aimed at improving the anatomical and taxonomic knowledge to broaden evolutionary information of the cultivated Dioscorea spp. in Nigeria. Four major cultivated Dioscorea species' leaf and petiole anatomical features were evaluated, focusing on epidermis histology using transverse sections. Qualitative features were observed under a light microscope, while quantitative data were subject to mean separation using One-Way ANOVA and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The cultivars and species studied had hypostomatic leaves with similar stoma types. Only D. dumetorum had distinct unicellular trichomes and lacked raphides, while the wing character of D. alata is a distinguishing feature for the species. PCA showed that stomata area (mm2) is an important characteristic feature in the anatomical study of yam; also, D. alata, D. cayenensis, and D. rotundata were closely related. The D. rotundata had the highest value for stomata quantitative characteristic features.
2017-01-01
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