Selection of soybean F5 population based on agronomic characteristics

Abstract

Krisnawati A, Adie MM. 2015. Selection of soybean F5 population based on agronomic characteristics. Pros Sem Nas Masy Biodiv Indon 1: 434-437. A high yielding variety is a main prerequisite for the soybean genetic improvement. The aim of this research was to select superior genotypes from soybean F5 population. A total of 150 soybean genotypes were evaluated in Jambegede Research Station, Malang, East Java during dry season I 2014. The experimental design was a randomized block with two replicates. The plot size was 1.2 x 4.0 m2 , 40 x 15 cm2 plant distances. The plant was fertilized with 250 kg/ha Phonska + 100 kg/ha SP 36 and 1 t/ha organic fertilizer. The weed was controlled at two and four weeks after planting. Data collected on the plant height, number of branches, number of nodes, number of the pod, days to flowering, days to maturity, 100 g seed weight, and seed yield. Selection of high yielding genotype follows Allard (1960). The analysis variance of yield and yield components was significant for days to flowering, days to maturity, 100 seed weight, and seed yield. The plant height was 46.82-93.5 cm (average 63.51 cm), number of branches was 1-6 (average 3 branches/plant), number of nodes was 12-39 (average 17 nodes/plant), number of pod was 27-67 (average 42 pod/plant), and the days to flowering varied from 17-42 days (average 35 days). Most of the genotypes have medium maturing day and large seed size. Based on high yielding selection with 30% of selection intensity, it was selected 14 genotypes. These genotypes produced yield between 2.63-2.96 t/ha, early maturing to medium maturity (77-84 days), and medium seed size (13.71-16.75 g/100 seeds). The selected genotypes prospected to be processed to the next stage of breeding or used as gene source in the varietal improvement program.