Kinds of reclamation plants potential for phytoremediation at ex-gold mining area

Abstract

Purnomo DW, Magandhi M, Helmanto H, Witono JR. 2015. Kinds of reclamation plants potential for phytoremediation at exgold mining area. Pros Sem Nas Masy Biodiv Indon 1: 496-500. Environmental degradation caused by gold mining activities are always related to heavy metal pollution and land degradation. PT Newmont Minahasa Raya (NMR) had been reclaiming former gold mine since 1996 and were considered successful by the government. This study was aimed to determine kinds of the reclamation plants including its habitat type and character that potential for phytoremediation in the gold mining area of PT NMR. Observations were carried out by establishing plots in locations contaminated by pollution, ie Pond ex PLS, RLS and SWP, and Sediment Pond. In each plot 2mx2m, there were identified of plant species and environmental conditions, and plant samples were taken for analysis material content of arsenic (As) and mercury (Hg). The results showed that the species of paku laut (Acrostichum speciosum) (Important Value /IV = 25.53%), paku sepat (Nephrolepis falcata) (IV = 22.60%), and paku pedang (Nephrolepis exaltata) (IV = 22.09%) were three dominant species at the site. While the high material content of As and Hg were teki badot (Cyperus kyllingia) (As = 1,93ppm; Hg = 126ppb), Pteris biaurita (As = 1,07ppm; Hg = 96ppb), and jotang hurna (Spilanthes ocymifolia) (As = 0.30; Hg = 126ppb). Selection of the species of phytoremediation for As and Hg in the intensively managed areas were encouraged to use Pteris biaurita, teki badot, and jotang hurna, whereas for the natural area was recommended to use paku laut, paku sepat, and paku pedang.