Excelsa coffee performance of Meranti Islands District, Riau

Abstract

Udarno ML, Setiyono RT. 2015. Excelsa coffee performance of Meranti Islands District, Riau. Pros Sem Nas Masy Biodiv Indon 1: 543-547. Excelsa coffee is one type of low-land coffee that is cultivated in Indonesia. Excelsa coffee is one type of lowland coffee that is cultivated in Indonesia. Excelsa coffee production is low and the flavor is sour so unfavorably. In morphology, the excelsa coffee has a semblance of nature with liberica coffee. Excelsa coffee can be used as rootstock for having a strong rooting properties, resistance to nematodes and peat. Exploration activities underway in six subdistricts in the District of Meranti, Riau Province in October 2012 until July 2013. The exploration was conducted in the form of direct interviews with farmers, the sampling method and data is done at random. Each selected accession observed characters include the morphology of leaf shape, long leaf, leaf width, tip and base of the leaves, leaf surface, shape and size of the fruit and others. The purpose of the research was to find out the genetic diversity of the germplasm in the six subdistricts of Meranti, Riau that produce excelsa coffee. The exploration collected as many as 15 coffee excelsa accession number; that leaf color has light green to dark green shiny. Leaf shape rounded, leaf tip blunt, tapered, leaf edge is flattened; leaf surface of 11 accessions rather wavy and 4 accessions bumpy. The fruit size and shape of 9 accessions is small round, 5 medium round, and 1 accession large round. The number of primary branches between 3-12 branches, the distance between the fruit set 2.2-4.7 cm and the number of pieces fruits set 4-17.4 fruit.