The proportion of parasite species that are the cause of malaria infection in Indonesia base on result of Basic Health Research (Riskesdas)

Abstract

Abstract. Khariri, Muna F. 2019. The proportion of parasite species that are the cause of malaria infection in Indonesia base on result of Basic Health Research (Riskesdas). Pros Sem Nas Masy Biodiv Indon 5: 38-41. Indonesia has a global Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) commitment to eradicate malaria. Malaria is one of the reemerging diseases in recent years which is marked by an increasing trend in cases in Indonesia. Although Plasmodium has many types, there are only 5 types that can cause Malaria. Malaria laboratory diagnosis can provide information on the type of parasite that causes infection. One of the laboratory examination techniques can be done with Rapid Dianostic Test (RDT). Analysis was carried out on data from the Basic Health Research Results (Riskesdas) 2010 and 2013 in Indonesia. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively. Based on the results of the RDT examination, in Riskesdas 2013 was found that the proportion of the population with positive malaria was 1.3% or about twice that of 2010 which was 0.6%. In Riskesdas 2010 and 2013, the results of RDT examinations in vulnerable groups such as children aged 1-9 years and pregnant women found a higher positive rate of malaria compared to other groups. The results of the Riskesdas 2010 and 2013 also showed that the proportion of the population in rural areas with positive malaria was about twice that of the urban population. In the Riskesdas 2013, Plasmodium falciparum infection appeared to be more dominant in children aged 1-9 years at 1.2% and pregnant women at 1.3%. In urban areas Plasmodium vivax infection is 0.5% and higher than P. falciparum infection, which is 0.3%, whereas in rural areas P. falciparum infection is higher than P. vivax.