Climatological aspects and visitors' comfort perceptions in green open spaces of Samarinda City, East Kalimantan, Indonesia
Article Sidebar
Abstract Views: 522
File Views: 36
Main Article Content
Abstract
Abstract. Karyati, Karmini, Sari DR, Ruslim Y, Karhani M. 2025. Climatological aspects and visitors' comfort perceptions in green open spaces of Samarinda City, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 26: 2806-2820. The trees in Green Open Spaces (GOS) play an important role in improving the microclimate, especially in urban areas. This research study aimed to analyze climatological aspects and determine visitor perceptions of GOS comfort in Samarinda City, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Microclimate elements were measured for 30 days in nine GOS: Anang Hasyim Ecological Park, Cerdas Park, Segiri Park, Samarendah Park, Teluk Lerong Garden Park, Bebaya Park, Muso Salim GOS, RE Martadinata GOS, and Slamet Riyadi GOS. The comfort of these GOS was assessed based on their Temperature Humidity Index (THI) values and the perceptions of visitors to these locations. Visitors' perceptions of microclimate comfort were collected through interviews with 270 respondents (30 respondents in each of the nine GOS). The average light intensity in the nine GOS ranged from 586.3 to 1,117.1 lux, the average air temperature ranged from 28.4-29.1°C, and the average air humidity ranged from 78.1-82.3% during the study period. All of the GOS within this study had a THI of less than 29.0°C and were in the comfortable category, highlighting the positive impact of the microclimate. The analysis of these nine GOS shows that the majority of the 270 respondents have a good perception of their microclimate and comfort. Information about climatological aspects and perceptions of GOS visitors can be used to support databases and recommendations for GOS management related to regional spatial planning.
Article Details
Issue
Section
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
Afrianto WF, Wati SI, Hidayatullah T. 2021. The suitability assessment of the tree species in the urban parks and urban forest in Kediri City, East Java, Indonesia. Nusantara Biosci 13 (2): 131-139. DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n130201.
Ahirwal AA. 2020. Recreational aspects of open green spaces in neighbourhood. Intl J Res Sci Innov 7 (6): 60-67.
Ahmadinejad P. 2021. Parks design and environmental health and safety: The degree of compliance with standards. Pak J Med Health Sci 15 (1): 626-632.
Alfatih A, Sartika DD, Enh DH. 2018. Public policy on green open space development in Palembang City, Indonesia. Intl J Social Sci Hum 8 (2): 55-58. DOI: 10.18178/ijssh.2018.8.2.933.
Ambarwati N, Faida LRW, Marhaento H. 2023. The effects of green open spaces on microclimate and thermal comfort in three integrated campus in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. GeoPlann J Geomat Plann 10 (1): 31-44. DOI: 10.14710/geoplanning.10.1.37-44.
Amores TRP, Romos JS, Delgado MG, Medina DC, Cerezo-Narva´ez A, Domínguez SA. 2023. Effect of green infrastructures supported by adaptative solar shading systems on livability in open spaces. Urban For Urban Green 82: 127886. DOI: 10.1016/j.ufug.2023.127886.
Aram F, Solgi E, Baghaee S, García EH, Mosavi A, Band SS. 2022. How parks provide thermal comfort perception in the metropolitan cores: A case study in Madrid Mediterranean climatic zone. Clim Risk Manag 30: 100245. DOI: 10.1016/j.crm.2020.100245.
Arrar FH, Kaoula D, Matallah ME, Abdessemed-Foufa A, Taleghani M, Attia S. 2022. Quantification of outdoor thermal comfort levels under sea breeze in the Historical City Fabric: The case of Algiers Casbah. Atmosphere 13 (575): 1-30. DOI: 10.3390/atmos13040575.
Azzahra PR, Sumarga E, Sholihah A. 2023. Mangrove ecotourism development at Karimunjawa National Park, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24 (8): 4457-4468. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240827.
Baruti MM, Yahia MW, Johansson E. 2024. Spatial and temporal variations of microclimate and outdoor thermal comfort in informal settlements of warm humid Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Heliyon 10: e23160. DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23160.
Berame JS, Elazegui EP, Arenas MC, Orozco JA. 2021. Microclimatic factors and soil characteristics of Arroceros Forest Park in the City of Manila, Philippines. Biodiversitas 22 (11): 4956-4962. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221130.
Bille RA, Jensen KE, Buitenwerf R. 2023. Global patterns in urban green space are strongly linked to human development and population density. Urban For Urban Green 86: 127980. DOI: 10.1016/j.ufug.2023.127980.
Dissanayake C, Weerasinghe UGD. 2021. Urban microclimate and outdoor thermal comfort of public spaces in warm-humid cities: A comparative bibliometric mapping of the literature. Am J Clim Change 10: 433-466. DOI: 10.4236/ajcc.2021.104023.
Dollah AS, Nirwana, Mustafa M, Putri AMJ. 2023. The social performance of the green open space (GOS) in Karebosi Field Complex. Soc Sci Hum Open 8 (1): 1-9. DOI: 10.1016/j.ssaho.2023.100540.
Dursun D, Yava? M. 2018. Microclimate analysis of different urban forms in cold climates and the effect of thermal comfort. Intl Arch Photogramm Remote Sens Spatial Inf Sci 42 (4): 155-160. DOI: 10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-4-155-2018.
Guo Z, Setoguchi T, Watanabe, Huo K. 2018. Public open space design study on the basis of microclimate and spatial behavior in hot and cold weather conditions in downtown area. Modern Appl Sci 12 (2): 128-141. DOI: 10.5539/mas.v12n2p128.
He Q, Reith A. 2023. A study on the impact of green infrastructure on microclimate and thermal comfort. Pollack Periodica 18 (1): 42-48. DOI: 10.1556/606.2022.00668.
Huang C, Wei F, Qiu S, Cao X, Chen L, Xu J, Gao J, Lin Q. 2023. Interpreting regenerated post-industrial lands as green spaces: Comparing public perceptions of post-industrial landscapes using human factor design framework. Ecol Indic 157: 111282. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2023.111282.
Hunter RF, Nieuwenhuijsen M, Fabian C, Murphy N, O´Hara K, Rappe E, Sallis JF, Lambert EV, Duenas OLS, Sugiyama T, Kahlmeier S. 2023. Advancing urban green and blue space contributions to public health. Viewpoint 8: e735-e742. DOI: 10.1016/S2468-2667(23)00156-1.
Hutabarat J. 2023. Evaluation a sitting position on public space based ergonomic approach. Intl J Curr Res Appl Stud 2 (5): 1-15.
Ischak M, Pratiwi SN, Winandari MIR, Wijayanto P, Olivia D. 2023. The typology of public open space in peri-urban unplanned settlement. Case study: Kampong of Kalipaten, Tangerang, Indonesia. Indones J Urban Environ Technol 6 (1): 36-48. DOI: 10.25105/urbanenvirotech.v6i1.15829.
Kandari AM, Marwah S, Kasim S, Indriyani L, Albasri, Mando LOA, Nurdin A, Syamsuddin, Munadi LOM, Fahyuddin. 2024. Microclimate impacts of land cover types in Halu Oleo University Botanical Garden and its surroundings. J Sylva Lestari 12 (2): 258-278. DOI: 10.23960/jsl.v12i2.829.
Karyati, Assholihat NK, Syafrudin M. 2020. Iklim mikro tiga penggunaan lahan berbeda di Kota Samarinda Provinsi Kalimantan Timur. Agrifor 19 (1): 11-22. DOI: 10.31293/af.v19i1.4576. [Indonesian]
Karyati, Cahyaningprastiwi SR, Sarminah S. 2021. Karakteristik iklim mikro di Taman Sejati Kota Samarinda. Jurnal Penelitian Ekosistem Dipterokarpa 7 (1): 11-22. DOI: 10.20886/jped.2021.7.1.11-22. [Indonesian]
Karyati, Isa IB. 2023. The Floristic Dynamics of Tropical Secondary Forests in Sarawak. Mulawarman University Press, Samarinda. [Indonesian]
Karyati, Yusak MY, Syafrudin M. 2023. Iklim mikro di bawah tegakan pohon kombinasi angsana (Pterocarpus indicus) dan glodokan (Polyalthia longifolia) di median Jalan Mayor Jenderal S. Parman di Kota Samarinda. Agrifor 22 (1): 43-54. DOI: 10.31293/agrifor.v22i1.6331. [Indonesian]
Khaire JD, Madrigal LO, Lanzarote BS. 2024. Outdoor thermal comfort in built environment: A review of studies in India. Energy Build 303: 1-16. DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2023.113758.
Lai D, Lian Z, Liu W, Guo C, Liu W, Liu K, Chen Q. 2020. A comprehensive review of thermal comfort studies in urban open spaces. Sci Total Environ 742: 140092. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140092.
Mohamed N, Vadeveloo T. 2023. Diversifying local government funding in implementing green open space for green city development: A systematic literature review. Intl J Acad Res Account Financ Manag Sci 13 (2): 946-961. DOI: 10.6007/IJARAFMS/v13-i2/18067.
Muhlisin, Iskandar J, Gunawan B, Cahyandito MF. 2021. Vegetation diversity and structure of urban parks in Cilegon City, Indonesia, and local residents' perception of its function. Biodiversitas 22 (7): 2589-2603. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220706.
Nitidara NPA, Sarwono S, Suprijanto S, Soelami FXN. 2022. The multisensory interaction between auditory, visual, and thermal to the overall comfort in public open space: A study in a tropical climate. Sustain Cities Soc 78: 103622. DOI: 10.1016/j.scs.2021.103622.
Oktavia RCD, Oktovianus, Siregar H, Sunarminto T, Hermawan R. 2023. Green open space management strategy for recreation in DKI Jakarta. Media Konservasi 28 (2): 235-243. DOI: 10.29244/medkon.28.2.235-243.
Penggayuh D, Munibah K, Ardiansyah M. 2023. The impact of changes in land use on green open space and comfort index in Semarang City, Indonesia. J Natl Resour Environ Manag 13 (4): 683-693. DOI: 10.29244/jpsl.13.4.683-693.
Regulation of the Mayor of Samarinda Number 660/291/HK-KS/VIII/2018 regarding the Designation of Several City Forest Locations within the City Area. [Indonesian]
Richo Y, Rizky D, Pemadani D. 2022. Product design of Surabaya City Park bench with the development of the concept of 5 ergoncomic attributes. J Civil Eng Plann Design 1 (2): 104-111. DOI: 10.31284/j.jcepd.2022.v1i2.3608.
Salsabila SH, Kurniadie D, Withaningsih S. 2022. Evaluation of several plant species for the sustainability of green open spaces in three sectors. Biodiversitas 23 (8): 3861-3868. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230801.
Sihombing T, Hutapea D. 2021. Implementation of green open space policy in the utilization of public space in City of Medan. Adv Soc Sci Educ Hum Res 642: 363-369. DOI: 10.2991/assehr.k.220204.055.
Suripto, Jupri A, Farista B, Virgota A, Ahyadi H. 2021. Ecological valuation of city parks (Case study for Mataram City). Jurnal Biologi Tropis 21 (3): 1003-1012. DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v21i3.3026.
Susilowati A, Rachmat HH, Rangkuti AB, Iswanto AH, Elfiati D, Rambey R, Ginting IM, Larekeng SH. 2021. Tree biodiversity in USU green space: Exotic plant and its risk to native species. IOP Conf Ser Earth Environ Sci 886: 012035. DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/886/1/012035.
Sutapa IDA, Mbarep DPP, Hasibuan HS, Zalewski M. 2023. Ecohydrology approach to strengthen public green open space management towards comfortable common space and playground in Kalijodo Area - Jakarta Province, Indonesia. Ecohydrol Hydrobiol 23 (4): 518-531. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecohyd.2023.04.005.
Taufiq A, Wulandari C. 2022. Comfort level of green open space in bandar lampung based on climate and humidity. Jurnal Belantara 5 (1): 847. DOI: 10.29303/jbl.v5i1.847.
Teodoreanu E. 2016. Thermal comfort index. Present Environ Sustain Dev 10 (2): 105-118. DOI:10.1515/pesd-2016-0029.
Yulia IT, Permatasari DP, Igustita, Berlin GE, Safira RN, Sugiyarto, Nazar IA, Himawan W, Sunarto, Pradhan P, Setyawan AD. 2023. Assessing the suitability of tree species for urban green space in a tropical university campus in Surakarta, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24 (3): 1713-1723. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240345.