Oviposition ecology of Aedes mosquitoes in relation to indoor-outdoor light intensity and dengue endemicity in Aceh Besar, Indonesia
Article Sidebar
Abstract Views: 321
File Views: 214
Main Article Content
Abstract
Abstract. Yulianti A, Rizki A, Suwarno, Arahman N, Gani BA, Husnurrizal, Harapan, Mudatsir. 2025. Oviposition ecology of Aedes mosquitoes in relation to indoor-outdoor light intensity and dengue endemicity in Aceh Besar, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 26: 5803-5813. Dengue fever continues to pose a major public health problem in tropical regions, with Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus as the main vectors. While the effects of temperature, humidity, and rainfall on mosquito ecology are well documented, the influence of light intensity on oviposition behavior across areas with different dengue endemicity levels remains less understood. This study aimed to assess the influence of indoor-outdoor light intensity and dengue endemicity on oviposition activity of Aedes mosquitoes in Aceh Besar District, Indonesia. A cross-sectional ecological survey was conducted in two sub-districts classified as high and low endemicity, with three villages randomly selected from each. In total, 240 ovitraps (120 indoor and 120 outdoor) were deployed over two five-day sampling periods, accompanied by concurrent light intensity measurements using a lux meter. Ovitrap positivity and egg density were analyzed using logistic regression and the Mann-Whitney U test. Of all traps, 62.92% were positive for Aedes eggs. No significant differences in Ovitrap Index (OI) or oviposition activity were observed between locations or endemicity levels (both had p>0.05). Indoor light intensity had a significant effect on oviposition activity: dimly lit households in high-endemicity areas recorded higher oviposition (1.67%, p: 0.01 and 3.33%, p: 0.02, respectively). Outdoor oviposition showed no significant variation by light intensity. These results indicate that low indoor lighting favors Aedes oviposition regardless of endemicity level. Improving household illumination may reduce suitable oviposition habitats and serve as a practical addition to existing vector control strategies.
Article Details
Issue
Section
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
Aceh Provincial Health Office. 2021. Aceh Health Profile 2020. Aceh Provincial Health Office (Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Aceh), Banda Aceh, Indonesia. https://dinkes.acehprov.go.id/detailpost/profil-kesehatan-aceh-tahun-2020. [Indonesian]
Aceh Provincial Health Office. 2023. Aceh Health Profile 2022. Aceh Provincial Health Office (Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Aceh), Banda Aceh, Indonesia. https://dinkes.acehprov.go.id/detailpost/profil-kesehatan-aceh-tahun-2022. [Indonesian]
Adeleke ED, Shittu RA, Beierkuhnlein C, Thomas SM. 2022. High wind speed prevents the establishment of the disease vector mosquito Aedes albopictus in its climatic niche in Europe. Front Environ Sci 10: 846243. DOI: 10.3389/fenvs.2022.846243.
Adjobi CN, Zahouli JZB, Guindo-Coulibaly N, Ouattara AF, Vavassori L, Adja MA. 2024. Assessing the ecological patterns of Aedes aegypti in areas with high arboviral risks in the large city of Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire. Plos Negl Trop Dis 18 (11): e0012647. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0012647.
Akollo R. 2024. Preferences for breeding places for Aedes spp. mosquitoes on materials and location of containers in the working area of Lateri Health Center, Ambon City. J Med Lab Infect Degener Dis 2 (1): 1-7. DOI: 10.36858/jmid.v2i1.16.
Akorli J, Oware SKD, Sackitey DB, Pul RM, Akyea-Bobi NE, Akporh SS, Amlalo GK, Osei JHN, Boakye HA, Abudu M, Akorli EA, Frempong KK, Pi-Bansa S, Opoku M, Dadzie SK. 2025. Climate-driven models reveal temporal trends in Aedes breeding: Implications for outbreak preparedness and control interventions. BMC Publ Health 25: 2735. DOI: 10.1186/s12889-025-24060-w.
Alipitchay S, Alias MA, Hamid SNSSA, Hamzah R, Mansor N, Hamid NA, Othman H. 2025. Temporal and interaction dynamics of dengue cases, entomological and meteorological variables in Melaka, Malaysia: A multivariate time series analysis. Plos One 20 (4): e0321273. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0321273.
Andreo V, Porcasi X, Guzman C, Lopez L, Scavuzzo CM. 2021. Spatial distribution of Aedes aegypti oviposition temporal patterns and their relationship with environment and dengue incidence. Insects 12 (10): 919. DOI: 10.3390/insects12100919.
Aroonasyaka R. 2025. Literature review: The effect of water type on the growth of Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae in Indonesia. Tropis 2 (1): 27-31. DOI: 10.37304/tropis.v2i1.18245.
Atieli HE, Zhou G, Zhong D, Wang X, Lee MC, Yaro AS, Diallo M, Githure J, Kazura J, Lehmann T, Yan G. 2023. Wind-assisted high-altitude dispersal of mosquitoes and other insects in East Africa. J Med Entomol 60 (4): 698-707. DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjad033.
Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) Kabupaten Aceh. 2024. Kabupaten Aceh Besar Dalam Angka 2024. BPS Kabupaten Aceh, Aceh. [Indonesian]
Costa-da-Silva AL, Cabal S, Lopez K, Boloix J, Rodriguez BG, Marrero KM, Bellantuono AJ, DeGennaro M. 2024. Female Aedes aegypti mosquitoes use communal cues to manage population density at breeding sites. Commun Biol 7: 143. DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-05830-5.
Cui G, Zhong S, Zheng T, Li Z, Zhang X, Li C, Hemming-Schroeder E, Zhou G, Li Y. 2021. Aedes albopictus life table: Environment, food, and age dependence survivorship and reproduction in a tropical area. Parasit Vectors 14: 568. DOI: 10.1186/s13071-021-05081-x.
David MR, Maciel-de-Freitas R, Petersen MT, Bray D, Hawkes FM, Fernández-Grandon GM, Young S, Gibson G, Hopkins RJ. 2023. Aedes aegypti oviposition-sites choice under semi-field conditions. Med Vet Entomol 37 (4): 683-692. DOI: 10.1111/mve.12670.
de Almeida PS, De Moura LB, de Sousa IBA, Fernandes MG, Pupo GV, de Souza LS, Abreu HCN. 2025. Ovitrap-based monitoring and infestation analysis of Aedes aegypti in Brazil. Rev Patol Trop 54 (2): 1-14. DOI: 10.5216/rpt.v54i2.82678.
Dharmamuthuraja D, Rohini PD, Lakshmi MI, Isvaran K, Ghosh SK, Ishtiaq F. 2023. Determinants of Aedes mosquito larval ecology in a heterogeneous urban environment- a longitudinal study in Bengaluru, India. Plos Negl Trop Dis 17 (11): e0011702. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011702.
Djiappi-Tchamen B, Nana-Ndjangwo MS, Nchoutpouen E, Makoudjou I, Ngangue-Siewe IN, Talipouo A, Mayi MPA, Awono-Ambene P, Wondji C, Tchuinkam T, Antonio-Nkondjio C. 2022. Aedes mosquito surveillance using ovitraps, sweep nets, and biogent traps in the city of Yaoundé, Cameroon. Insects 13 (9): 793. DOI: 10.3390/insects13090793.
Dom NC, Abdullah NAMH, Dapari R, Salleh SA. 2025. Fine-scale predictive modeling of Aedes mosquito abundance and dengue risk indicators using machine learning algorithms with microclimatic variables. Sci Rep 15 (1): 37017. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-17191-y.
Duffield GE, Acri DJ, George GF, Sheppard AD, Beebe NW, Ritchie SA, Burkot TR. 2019. Diel flight activity of wild-caught Anopheles farauti (s.s.) and An. hinesorum malaria mosquitoes from northern Queensland, Australia. Parasit Vectors 12 (48): 1-14. DOI: 10.1186/s13071-018-3271-0.
Facchinelli L, Badolo A, McCall PJ. 2023. Biology and behaviour of Aedes aegypti in the human environment: Opportunities for vector control of Arbovirus transmission. Viruses 15 (3): 636. DOI: 10.3390/v15030636.
Farnesi LC, Alves G, Araripe LO, Bruno RV. 2025. Aedes aegypti reproductive aspects: Constant light significantly affects the embryonic development. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 120: e240233. DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760240233.
Fikri MAM, Ar FA, Nurhadzira EM, Hazrin MH, Hanipah S, Riza IH. 2025. Spatial and breeding site analysis of Aedes spp. at dengue-prone areas in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Intl J Environ Health Res 1 (1): 1-20. DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2025.2488484.
Fitria R. 2021. The Relationship between Physical Environmental Factors and Community Actions with Dengue Fever Cases in the Sering Community Health Center Working Area [Thesis]. Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara, Medan. [Indonesian]
Gimenez JO, Alvarez CN, Almirón WR, Stein M. 2020. Meteorological variables associated with the temporal oviposition rate of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) in Resistencia city, Chaco province, Northeastern Argentina. Acta Trop 212: 105678. DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105678.
Harapan H, Rajamoorthy Y, Anwar S et al. 2018. Knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding dengue virus infection among inhabitants of Aceh, Indonesia: a cross-sectional study. BMC Infect Dis 18 (96): 1-16. DOI: 10.1186/s12879-018-3006-z.
Herath JMMK, De Silva WAPP, Weeraratne TC, Karunaratne SHPP. 2024. Breeding habitat preference of the dengue vector mosquitoes Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus from urban, semiurban, and rural areas in Kurunegala District, Sri Lanka. J Trop Med 2024 (1): 4123543. DOI: 10.1155/2024/4123543.
Ipa M, Hendri J, Hakim L, Muhammad R. 2017. Susceptibility of larvae Aedes aegypti against Temefos (Organophospate) in three districts Aceh Province. Aspirator 9 (2): 77-84. DOI: 10.22435/aspirator.v9i2.5812.77-84.
Kertapati DTN, Aminah DJ. 2024. Dengue Fever Still Lurks. Mediakom. https://kemkes.go.id/app_asset/file_content_download/171799677966668cebe32e93.49845686.pdf.
Knoblauch S, Su-Yin M, Chatrinan K, de Aragão-Rocha AA, Haddawy P, Biljecki F, Lautenbach S, Resch B, Arifi D, Jänisch T, Morales I, Zipf A. 2024. High-resolution mapping of urban Aedes aegypti immature abundance through breeding site detection based on satellite and street view imagery. Sci Rep 14 (1): 18227. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67914-w.
Kramer IM, Pfeiffer M, Steffens O, Schneider F, Gerger V, Phuyal P, Braun M, Magdeburg A, Ahrens B, Groneberg DA, Kuch U, Dhimal M, Müller R. 2021. The ecophysiological plasticity of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus concerning overwintering in cooler ecoregions is driven by local climate and acclimation capacity. Sci Total Environ 778: 146128. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146128.
Krishna G, Dasari T, Sreedevi S. 2024. Dengue virus infection: Etiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and prevention. In: Saxena SK (esd). Viral Infectious Diseases Annual Volume 2024. IntechOpen, Rijeka. DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.114323.
Leandro A, Maciel-de-Freitas R. 2024. Development of an integrated surveillance system to improve preparedness for arbovirus outbreaks in a dengue endemic setting: Descriptive study. JMIR Publ Health Surveill 10: e62759. DOI: 10.2196/62759.
Liu Z, Zhang Q, Li L, He J, Guo J, Wang Z, Huang Y, Xi Z, Yuan F, Li Y, Li T. 2023. The effect of temperature on dengue virus transmission by Aedes mosquitoes [Review]. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 13: 1242173. DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1242173.
Lustiyati ED, Astuti P. 2018. The correlation of physical environment condition to level of Aedes sp. larvae density at area of elementary schools of Kasihan Sub-district Bantul District. J Publ Health Sci 9 (3): 464988. DOI: 10.26553/jikm.2018.9.3.216-225.
Meyerhof GT, Dhavan P, Blunk S, Bourd A, Singh R, Chandel A, Montell C. 2025. Visual threat avoidance while host seeking by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Cell Rep 44 (4): 115435. DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2025.115435.
Mondal R, Azmi SA, Sinha S, Bose C, Ghosh T, Bhattacharya S, Tyagi B. 2025. Ecology and behavior. In: Tyagi B (eds). Mosquitoes of India. CRC Press, United States. DOI: 10.1201/9781003326991-14.
Moz?raitis R, Hajkazemian M, Zawada JW, Szymczak J, Pålsson K, Sekar V, Biryukova I, Friedländer MR, Koekemoer LL, Baird JK, Borg-Karlson AK, Emami SN. 2020. Male swarming aggregation pheromones increase female attraction and mating success among multiple African malaria vector mosquito species. Nat Ecol Evol 4 (10): 1395-1401. DOI: 10.1038/s41559-020-1264-9.
Musunzaji PS, Ndenga BA, Mzee S, Abubakar LU, Kitron UD, Labeaud AD, Mutuku FM. 2023. Oviposition preferences of Aedes aegypti in Msambweni, Kwale County, Kenya. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 39 (2): 85-95. DOI: 10.2987/22-7103.
Ouattara CA, Traore TI, Traore S, Sangare I, Meda CZ, Savadogo LGB. 2022. Climate factors and dengue fever in Burkina Faso from 2017 to 2019. J Publ Health Afr 13 (1): 2145. DOI: 10.4081/jphia.2022.2145.
Rahman MS, Pientong C, Zafar S, Ekalaksananan T, Paul RE, Haque U, Rocklöv J, Overgaard HJ. 2021. Mapping the spatial distribution of the dengue vector Aedes aegypti and predicting its abundance in northeastern Thailand using machine-learning approach. One Health 13: 100358. DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2021.100358.
Ratnasari A, Jabal AR, Rahma N, Rahmi SN, Karmila M, Wahid I. 2020. The ecology of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus larvae habitat in coastal areas of South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21 (10): 4648-4654. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d211025.
Reinhold JM, Lazzari CR, Lahondère C. 2018. Effects of the environmental temperature on Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes: A Review. Insects 9 (4): 158. DOI: 10.3390/insects9040158.
Romiti F, Casini R, Del Lesto I, Magliano A, Ermenegildi A, Droghei S, Tofani S, Scicluna MT, Pichler V, Augello A, Censi F, Scaringella PL, Mastrobuoni G, Bacciotti D, Nencetti A, De Liberato C. 2025. Characterization of overwintering sites (hibernacula) of the West Nile vector Culex pipiens in Central Italy. Parasit Vectors 18 (1): 74. DOI: 10.1186/s13071-025-06710-5.
Rund SSC, Labb LF, Benefiel OM, Duffield GE. 2020. Artificial light at night increases Aedes aegypti mosquito biting behavior with implications for arboviral disease transmission. Am J Trop Med Hyg 103 (6): 2450-2452. DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.20-0885.
Russell TL, Staunton K, Burkot T. 2022. Standard Operating Procedure for Assembly and Deployment of Ovitraps. Protocol Integer ID: 64751. protocols.io. Pacific Mosquito Surveilance Strengthening for Impact (PACMOSSI), James Cook University, Australia. DOI: 10.17504/protocols.io.14egn7r4pv5d/v1.
Sari E, Wahyuningsih NE, Murwani R. 2017. The relationship between the physical environment of houses and the incidence of dengue hemorrhagic fever in Semarang. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat 5 (5): 609-617. DOI: 10.14710/jkm.v5i5.19183.
Sasmita HI, Neoh KB, Yusmalinar S, Anggraeni T, Chang NT, Bong LJ, Putra RE, Sebayang A, Silalahi CN, Ahmad I, Tu WC. 2021. Ovitrap surveillance of dengue vector mosquitoes in Bandung City, West Java Province, Indonesia. Plos Negl Trop Dis 15 (10): e0009896. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009896.
Souza CDFd, Nascimento RPdS, Bezerra-Santos M, Armstrong AdC, Gomes OV, Nicácio JM, Júnior JVJS, Carmo RFd. 2024. Space-time dynamics of the dengue epidemic in Brazil, 2024: An insight for decision making. BMC Infect Dis 24 (1): 1056. DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-09813-z.
Tedjou AN, Kamgang B, Yougang AP, Wilson-Bahun TA, Njiokou F, Wondji CS. 2020. Patterns of ecological adaptation of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus and stegomyia indices highlight the potential risk of arbovirus transmission in Yaoundé, the Capital City of Cameroon. Pathogens 9 (6): 491. DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9060491.
Walker MA. 2021. Discrete and Continuous Mathematical Investigation of Juvenile Mosquito Dynamics. [Dissertation]. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia.
Westby KM, Adalsteinsson SA, Biro EG, Beckermann AJ, Medley KA. 2021. Aedes albopictus populations and larval habitat characteristics across the landscape: Significant differences exist between urban and rural land use types. Insects 12 (3): 196. DOI: 10.3390/insects12030196.
Wijewardana C, Chen Y, Zhou Y, Jiang C, Zhang D, Hou M, Xu Z, Chen L, Ji M, Chen L. 2025. Circadian rhythm of mosquitoes: Blood feeding and disease transmission. Decoding Infect Transmiss 3: 100050. DOI: 10.1016/j.dcit.2025.100050.
Wiyata AD, Handoyo W, Sayono S. 2023. The key associated factor of the emergence of the dengue vector in peri-urban and rural settlements. J Environ Health 15 (4): 291-299. DOI: 10.20473/jkl.v15i4.2023.291-299.
World Health Organization. 2024. Global Malaria Programme Operational Strategy 2024-2030. World Health Organization, Geneva.
Wynne NE. 2023. Variations in Time-Dependent Mosquito-Host Interactions Across Aedes Species. [Dissertation]. Biochemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Virginia Tech.
Yani A. 2024. The influence of environmental factors on the development of dengue fever. Intl Sci Health J 2 (4): 116-123. DOI: 10.59680/ishel.v2i4.1569.