Relationship between lichen diversity and air quality in urban region in Bourdj Bou Arriridj, Algeria
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0696-4885
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Abstract. Fatima A, Messaoud R, Takia L. 2019. Relationship between lichen diversity and air quality in urban region in Bourdj Bou Arriridj, Algeria. Biodiversitas 20: 2329-2339. The lichenic biodiversity can be an excellent instrument for measuring air quality biomonitoring in urban and industrial areas. Two bio-monitoring techniques were used to assess and map the levels of air quality in Bordj Bou Arreridj region (BBA), an urban area located in Eastern Algeria, and to identify species sensitive to air pollution. The first one was based on the diversity and abundance of epiphytic lichens, while the other technique was using two bio-indication indices. Epiphytic lichens were sampled from thirty-four stations chosen on the basis of the presence of suitable phorophytes on which it is possible to observe lichens. The assessment of lichen biodiversity was based on the calculation of lichenic abundance indices (LA) and the Shannon index (H'). For the determination of the different levels of air pollution, the indices of atmospheric purity (IAP) and lichen diversity (LDV) were used. There were 62 identified species belong to 19 families and 31 genera of lichens, among which crustacean and foliose thalli were the most common in the region. Lichen biodiversity decreased as the sampled location approaching industrial sources and road traffic. The IAP ranged from 16.19-79.82 and LDV values ranged from 12.50-52.16. The results showed a significant relationship between lichen diversity and air quality, and indicated low atmospheric pollution in the BBA region. This study allowed us to draw up a list of sensitive species and tolerant species to air pollution.
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References
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Agnés M, Galinou L. 1993. Les Lichens Bioindicateurs de la Qualité de l’air. Bull. Inform. Ass. Fr. Lichén., Paris. Mémoire n°2, 102p. https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/telecharger/Bull_AFL_old/MEMOIRE_AFL_2_1993.pdf
Asta J, Erhardt W, Ferretti M, Fornasier F, Kirschbaum U, Nimis PL, Purvis OW, Pirintsos S, Scheidegger C, van Haluwyn Ch. 2002. European guideline for mapping lichen diversity as an indicator of environmental stress. British Lichen Society, 20p. https://fr.scribd.com/document/165452962/European-Guideline-for-Maping-Lichen-Diversity.
Attanayaka ANPM, Wijeyaratne SC. 2013. Corticolous lichen diversity, a potential indicator for monitoring airpollution in tropics. J. Natn. Sci., Foundation of Sri Lanka 41(2): 131-140. DOI: 10.4038/jnsfsr.v41i2.5707.
Bargagli R, Nimis PN. 2002. Guidelines for the use of Epiphytic Lichens as Biomonotors of Atmospheric Deposition of Trace Elements. In: Nimis PL, Scheidegger Ch, Wolseley PA, (Eds.). Monitoring with Lichens-Monitoring Lichens. Dordrecht, the Netherland: Kluwer Academic Publishers, pp 295-299. DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-0423-7_23.
Batic F, Mayrhofer H. 1996. Bioindication of Air Pollution by Epiphytic Lichens in Forest Decline Studies in Slovenia. Phyton (Horn, Austria), Special issue: "Bioindication" 36(3): 85-90. https://www.zobodat.at/pdf/PHY_36_3_0085-0090.pdf
Belnap J, Phillips SL, Troxler T. 2006. Soil lichen and moss cover and species richness can be highly dynamic: The effects of invasion by the annual exotic grass Bromus tectorum, precipitation, and temperature on biological soil crusts in SE Utah. Applied Soil Ecology 32: 63-76. DOI: 10.1016/j.apsoil.2004.12.010.
Boistel A. 1986. Nouvelle Flore des Lichens. Éd. Belin, Paris, 164p. http://terment.ru/fr2/?q=Nouvelle+flore+des+lichens+-+A+Boistel
Cazaux M, Saint-Cricq M. 2010. Les lichens indicateurs de la pollution atmosphérique de l’agglomération Pau-Pyrénées. Collège Marguerite de Navarre, 19p. https://enseignantsmediateurs.cnes.fr/sites/default/files/drupal/201604/default/lichens_pau.pdf.
Conti ME, Cecchetti G. 2001. Biological monitoring: lichens as bioindicators of air pollution assessment- A review. Environmental Pollution 114(3): 471-492. DOI: 10.1016/S0269-7491(00)00224-4.
Conti ME. 2008. Lichens as bioindicators of air pollution. WIT Transactions on State of the Art in Science and Engineering 30: 111-162. DOI: 10.2495/978-1-84564-002-6/05.
Das P, Joshi S, Rout J, Upreti DK. 2013. Lichen diversity for environmental stress study: Application of index of atmospheric purity (IAP) and mapping around a paper mill in Barak Valley, Assam, northeast India. Tropical Ecology 54(3): 355-364. file:///C:/Users/HP/Desktop/ADJIRI%20TRAITEMENTS/Asian%20Journal%20P%20Sciences/Das%20et%20al.%202013.pdf
Douibi Ch, Ramdani M, Khelfi A, Benharket R, Lograda T, Chalard P. 2015. Biomonitoring of heavy metals by lichens in Setif Area (East of Algeria). Unified Journal of Environmental Science and Toxicology 1(1): 1-13 http://www.unifiedjournals.org/ujest
Dron J, Austruy A, Agnan Y, Ratier A, Chamaret P. 2016. Utilisation de la biosurveillance lichénique sur la zone industrialo-portuaire de Fos-sur-Mer: retour sur trois ans de suivi à l'échelle d'un territoire intercommunal. Pollution atmosphérique 228: 1-14. DOI: 10.4267/pollution-atmospherique.5392.
Giordani P. 2007. Is the diversity of epiphytic lichens a reliable indicator of air pollution? A case study from Italy. Environmental Pollution 146: 317-323. DOI:10.1016/j.envpol.2006.03.030.
Gombert S, Astab J, Seaward MRD. 2004. Assessment of lichen diversity by index of atmospheric purity (IAP), index of human impact (IHI) and other environmental factors in an urban area (Grenoble, southeast France). Science of the Total Environment 324: 183-199. DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2003.10.036
Jahns HM. 1996. Guide des Fougères Mousses et Lichens D’Europe: plus de 600 espèces de plantes souvent délaissés. ED. Delachaux & Niestlé, Paris, 257p. http://www.delachauxetniestle.com/ouvrage/guide-des-fougeres-mousses-et-lichens-d-europe/9782603018156
Jayalal U, Oh SO, Park JS, Sung JH, Kim SH, Hur JS. 2015. Evaluation of air quality using lichens in three different types of forest in Korea. Forest Science and Technology 1-8. DOI: 10.1080/21580103.2014.1003983.
Jovan S. 2008. Lichen bioindication of biodiversity, air quality, and climate: baseline results from monitoring in Washington, Oregon, and California. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-737. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 115p. DOI: 10.2737/PNW-GTR-737.
Käffer MI, Azevedo Martins SM, Alves C, Pereira VC, Fachel J, Ferrão Vargas VM. 2011. Corticolous lichens as environmental indicators in urban areas in southern Brazil. Ecological Indicators 11: 1319-1332. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2011.02.006
Kar S, Samal AC, Maity JP, Santra SC. 2014. Diversity of epiphytic lichens and their role in sequestration of atmospheric metals. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 11: 899-908. DOI: 10.1007/s13762-013-0270-8
Khastini RO, Sari IJ, Herysca YH, Sulasanah S. 2019. Lichen diversity as indicators for monitoring ecosystem health in Rawa Danau Nature Reserve, Banten, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20(2): 489-496. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200227.
Kirschbaum U, Wirth V. 1997. Les Lichens bio-indicateurs. Les reconnaître, évaluer la qualité de l’air. Ed. Eugen Ulmer, Paris, 128p. http://documents.irevues.inist.fr/bitstream/handle/2042/5466/I_VI_analyses_biblio.pdf?sequence=1
Krick R, Loppi S. 2002. The IAP approach. In: Nimis PL, Scheidegger Ch, Wolseley PA, (Eds.). Monitoring with lichens-Monitoring Lichens. Dordrecht, the Netherland: Kluwer Academic Publishers, pp 21-37. DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-0423-7_4.
LeBlanc F, De Sloover J. 1970. Relationship between industrialization and the distribution and growth of epiphytic lichens and mosses in Montreal. Canadian Journal of Botany 48: 1485-1496. DOI: 10.1139/b70-224.
Lepš J, Hadincová V. 1992. How reliable are our vegetation analyses?. Journal of Vegetation Science 3: 119-124. DOI: 10.2307/3236006.
Llop E, Pinho P, Matos P, Pereira MJ, Branquinho C. 2012. The use of lichen functional groups as indicators of air quality in a Mediterranean urban environment. Ecological Indicators 13: 215-221. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2011.06.005
Lograda T, Adel K, Boucif L, Ramdani M. 2015. Inventory of lichens of the mountainous massif of Megress (Setif, Algeria). Journal of Environmental and Applied Bioresearch 03(4): 199-204. http://www.scienceresearchlibrary.com
Loppi S. 2019. May the Diversity of Epiphytic Lichens Be Used in Environmental Forensics; Diversity 11(36): 1-13. DOI: 10.3390/d11030036.
Loppi S, Frati L, Paoli L, Bigagli V, Rossetti C, Bruscoli C, Corsini A. 2004. Biodiversity of epiphytic lichens and heavy metal contents of Flavoparmelia caperata thalli as indicators of temporal variations of air pollution in the town of Montecatini Terme (central Italy). Science of the Total Environment 326: 113-122. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2003.12.003
Nimis PL, Scheidegger Ch, Wolsely PA. 2002. Monitoring with Lichens-Monitoring Lichens. Dordrecht, the Netherland: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 408p. https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9781402004292
Pinho P, Augusto S, Branquinho C, Bio A, Pereira MJ, Soares A, Catarino F. 2004. Mapping Lichen Diversity as a First Step for Air Quality Assessment. Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry 49: 377-389. DOI: 10.1007/s10874-004-1253-4
Rebbas K, Boutabia L, Touazi Y, Gharzouli R, Djellouli Y, Alatou D. 2011. Inventaire des lichens du Parc national de Gouraya (Béjaïa, Algérie). Phytothérapie 9: 225-233. DOI10.1007/s10298-011-0628-3
Roux C. 1990. Echantillonnage de la Végétation Lichénique et Approche Critique des Méthodes de Relevés. Cryptog., Bryol., Lichénol. 11(2): 95-108. file:///C:/Users/HP/Downloads/1990RouxMethodRelev.pdf
Seaward MRD. 2008. Environmental role of lichens, In: NASH III TH, (Ed.). Lichen Biology. Second Edition, Cambrige, USA, Cambridge University Press, New York, pp 274-298. http://assets.cambridge.org/97805216/92168/frontmatter/9780521692168_frontmatter.pdf
Sett R, Kundu M. 2016. Epiphytic Lichens: Their Usefulness as Bio-indicators of Air Pollution. Donnish Journal of Research in Environmental Studies 3(3): 17-24. http://www.donnishjournals.org/djres.
Shannon CE, Weaver W. 1964. The mathematical theory of communication. University of Illinois. Press Urbana, USA, 125p.
Stamenkovi? S, Cvijan M, Aranjelovi? M. 2010. Lichens as Bioindicators of Air Quality in Dimitry grad (South-Eastern- Serbia). Arch. Biol. Sci., Belgrade 62(3): 643-648. DOI: 10.2298/ABS1003643S.
Svoboda D. 2007. Evaluation of the European method for mapping lichen diversity (LDV) as an indicator of environmental stress in the Czech Republic. Biologia, Bratislava 62(4): 424-431. DOI: 10.2478/s11756-007-0085-5.
Van Haluwyn Ch, Van Herk CM. 2002. Bioindication: the community approach. In: Nimis PL, Scheidegger Ch, Wolseley PA, (Eds.). Monitoring with Lichens-Monitoring Lichens. Dordrecht, the Netherland: Kluwer Academic Publishers, pp 39-64. DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-0423-7_5.
Van Haluwyn Ch, Asta J, Gaveriaux JP. 2013. Guide des Lichens de France: Lichens des arbres. Éd. Belin, France, 239p. https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/telecharger/Doc/AFL_2017_actualisation_guide_lichens_arbres.pdf
Varela Z, López-Sánchez G, Yáñez M, Pérez C, Fernández JA, Matos P, Branquinho C, Aboal JR. 2018. Changes in epiphytic lichen diversity are associated with air particulate matter levels: the case study of urban areas in Chile. Ecological Indicators 91: 307-314. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2018.04.023
Agnés M, Galinou L. 1993. Les Lichens Bioindicateurs de la Qualité de l’air. Bull. Inform. Ass. Fr. Lichén., Paris. Mémoire n°2, 102p. https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/telecharger/Bull_AFL_old/MEMOIRE_AFL_2_1993.pdf
Asta J, Erhardt W, Ferretti M, Fornasier F, Kirschbaum U, Nimis PL, Purvis OW, Pirintsos S, Scheidegger C, van Haluwyn Ch. 2002. European guideline for mapping lichen diversity as an indicator of environmental stress. British Lichen Society, 20p. https://fr.scribd.com/document/165452962/European-Guideline-for-Maping-Lichen-Diversity.
Attanayaka ANPM, Wijeyaratne SC. 2013. Corticolous lichen diversity, a potential indicator for monitoring airpollution in tropics. J. Natn. Sci., Foundation of Sri Lanka 41(2): 131-140. DOI: 10.4038/jnsfsr.v41i2.5707.
Bargagli R, Nimis PN. 2002. Guidelines for the use of Epiphytic Lichens as Biomonotors of Atmospheric Deposition of Trace Elements. In: Nimis PL, Scheidegger Ch, Wolseley PA, (Eds.). Monitoring with Lichens-Monitoring Lichens. Dordrecht, the Netherland: Kluwer Academic Publishers, pp 295-299. DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-0423-7_23.
Batic F, Mayrhofer H. 1996. Bioindication of Air Pollution by Epiphytic Lichens in Forest Decline Studies in Slovenia. Phyton (Horn, Austria), Special issue: "Bioindication" 36(3): 85-90. https://www.zobodat.at/pdf/PHY_36_3_0085-0090.pdf
Belnap J, Phillips SL, Troxler T. 2006. Soil lichen and moss cover and species richness can be highly dynamic: The effects of invasion by the annual exotic grass Bromus tectorum, precipitation, and temperature on biological soil crusts in SE Utah. Applied Soil Ecology 32: 63-76. DOI: 10.1016/j.apsoil.2004.12.010.
Boistel A. 1986. Nouvelle Flore des Lichens. Éd. Belin, Paris, 164p. http://terment.ru/fr2/?q=Nouvelle+flore+des+lichens+-+A+Boistel
Cazaux M, Saint-Cricq M. 2010. Les lichens indicateurs de la pollution atmosphérique de l’agglomération Pau-Pyrénées. Collège Marguerite de Navarre, 19p. https://enseignantsmediateurs.cnes.fr/sites/default/files/drupal/201604/default/lichens_pau.pdf.
Conti ME, Cecchetti G. 2001. Biological monitoring: lichens as bioindicators of air pollution assessment- A review. Environmental Pollution 114(3): 471-492. DOI: 10.1016/S0269-7491(00)00224-4.
Conti ME. 2008. Lichens as bioindicators of air pollution. WIT Transactions on State of the Art in Science and Engineering 30: 111-162. DOI: 10.2495/978-1-84564-002-6/05.
Das P, Joshi S, Rout J, Upreti DK. 2013. Lichen diversity for environmental stress study: Application of index of atmospheric purity (IAP) and mapping around a paper mill in Barak Valley, Assam, northeast India. Tropical Ecology 54(3): 355-364. file:///C:/Users/HP/Desktop/ADJIRI%20TRAITEMENTS/Asian%20Journal%20P%20Sciences/Das%20et%20al.%202013.pdf
Douibi Ch, Ramdani M, Khelfi A, Benharket R, Lograda T, Chalard P. 2015. Biomonitoring of heavy metals by lichens in Setif Area (East of Algeria). Unified Journal of Environmental Science and Toxicology 1(1): 1-13 http://www.unifiedjournals.org/ujest
Dron J, Austruy A, Agnan Y, Ratier A, Chamaret P. 2016. Utilisation de la biosurveillance lichénique sur la zone industrialo-portuaire de Fos-sur-Mer: retour sur trois ans de suivi à l'échelle d'un territoire intercommunal. Pollution atmosphérique 228: 1-14. DOI: 10.4267/pollution-atmospherique.5392.
Giordani P. 2007. Is the diversity of epiphytic lichens a reliable indicator of air pollution? A case study from Italy. Environmental Pollution 146: 317-323. DOI:10.1016/j.envpol.2006.03.030.
Gombert S, Astab J, Seaward MRD. 2004. Assessment of lichen diversity by index of atmospheric purity (IAP), index of human impact (IHI) and other environmental factors in an urban area (Grenoble, southeast France). Science of the Total Environment 324: 183-199. DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2003.10.036
Jahns HM. 1996. Guide des Fougères Mousses et Lichens D’Europe: plus de 600 espèces de plantes souvent délaissés. ED. Delachaux & Niestlé, Paris, 257p. http://www.delachauxetniestle.com/ouvrage/guide-des-fougeres-mousses-et-lichens-d-europe/9782603018156
Jayalal U, Oh SO, Park JS, Sung JH, Kim SH, Hur JS. 2015. Evaluation of air quality using lichens in three different types of forest in Korea. Forest Science and Technology 1-8. DOI: 10.1080/21580103.2014.1003983.
Jovan S. 2008. Lichen bioindication of biodiversity, air quality, and climate: baseline results from monitoring in Washington, Oregon, and California. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-737. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 115p. DOI: 10.2737/PNW-GTR-737.
Käffer MI, Azevedo Martins SM, Alves C, Pereira VC, Fachel J, Ferrão Vargas VM. 2011. Corticolous lichens as environmental indicators in urban areas in southern Brazil. Ecological Indicators 11: 1319-1332. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2011.02.006
Kar S, Samal AC, Maity JP, Santra SC. 2014. Diversity of epiphytic lichens and their role in sequestration of atmospheric metals. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 11: 899-908. DOI: 10.1007/s13762-013-0270-8
Khastini RO, Sari IJ, Herysca YH, Sulasanah S. 2019. Lichen diversity as indicators for monitoring ecosystem health in Rawa Danau Nature Reserve, Banten, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20(2): 489-496. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200227.
Kirschbaum U, Wirth V. 1997. Les Lichens bio-indicateurs. Les reconnaître, évaluer la qualité de l’air. Ed. Eugen Ulmer, Paris, 128p. http://documents.irevues.inist.fr/bitstream/handle/2042/5466/I_VI_analyses_biblio.pdf?sequence=1
Krick R, Loppi S. 2002. The IAP approach. In: Nimis PL, Scheidegger Ch, Wolseley PA, (Eds.). Monitoring with lichens-Monitoring Lichens. Dordrecht, the Netherland: Kluwer Academic Publishers, pp 21-37. DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-0423-7_4.
LeBlanc F, De Sloover J. 1970. Relationship between industrialization and the distribution and growth of epiphytic lichens and mosses in Montreal. Canadian Journal of Botany 48: 1485-1496. DOI: 10.1139/b70-224.
Lepš J, Hadincová V. 1992. How reliable are our vegetation analyses?. Journal of Vegetation Science 3: 119-124. DOI: 10.2307/3236006.
Llop E, Pinho P, Matos P, Pereira MJ, Branquinho C. 2012. The use of lichen functional groups as indicators of air quality in a Mediterranean urban environment. Ecological Indicators 13: 215-221. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2011.06.005
Lograda T, Adel K, Boucif L, Ramdani M. 2015. Inventory of lichens of the mountainous massif of Megress (Setif, Algeria). Journal of Environmental and Applied Bioresearch 03(4): 199-204. http://www.scienceresearchlibrary.com
Loppi S. 2019. May the Diversity of Epiphytic Lichens Be Used in Environmental Forensics; Diversity 11(36): 1-13. DOI: 10.3390/d11030036.
Loppi S, Frati L, Paoli L, Bigagli V, Rossetti C, Bruscoli C, Corsini A. 2004. Biodiversity of epiphytic lichens and heavy metal contents of Flavoparmelia caperata thalli as indicators of temporal variations of air pollution in the town of Montecatini Terme (central Italy). Science of the Total Environment 326: 113-122. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2003.12.003
Nimis PL, Scheidegger Ch, Wolsely PA. 2002. Monitoring with Lichens-Monitoring Lichens. Dordrecht, the Netherland: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 408p. https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9781402004292
Pinho P, Augusto S, Branquinho C, Bio A, Pereira MJ, Soares A, Catarino F. 2004. Mapping Lichen Diversity as a First Step for Air Quality Assessment. Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry 49: 377-389. DOI: 10.1007/s10874-004-1253-4
Rebbas K, Boutabia L, Touazi Y, Gharzouli R, Djellouli Y, Alatou D. 2011. Inventaire des lichens du Parc national de Gouraya (Béjaïa, Algérie). Phytothérapie 9: 225-233. DOI10.1007/s10298-011-0628-3
Roux C. 1990. Echantillonnage de la Végétation Lichénique et Approche Critique des Méthodes de Relevés. Cryptog., Bryol., Lichénol. 11(2): 95-108. file:///C:/Users/HP/Downloads/1990RouxMethodRelev.pdf
Seaward MRD. 2008. Environmental role of lichens, In: NASH III TH, (Ed.). Lichen Biology. Second Edition, Cambrige, USA, Cambridge University Press, New York, pp 274-298. http://assets.cambridge.org/97805216/92168/frontmatter/9780521692168_frontmatter.pdf
Sett R, Kundu M. 2016. Epiphytic Lichens: Their Usefulness as Bio-indicators of Air Pollution. Donnish Journal of Research in Environmental Studies 3(3): 17-24. http://www.donnishjournals.org/djres.
Shannon CE, Weaver W. 1964. The mathematical theory of communication. University of Illinois. Press Urbana, USA, 125p.
Stamenkovi? S, Cvijan M, Aranjelovi? M. 2010. Lichens as Bioindicators of Air Quality in Dimitry grad (South-Eastern- Serbia). Arch. Biol. Sci., Belgrade 62(3): 643-648. DOI: 10.2298/ABS1003643S.
Svoboda D. 2007. Evaluation of the European method for mapping lichen diversity (LDV) as an indicator of environmental stress in the Czech Republic. Biologia, Bratislava 62(4): 424-431. DOI: 10.2478/s11756-007-0085-5.
Van Haluwyn Ch, Van Herk CM. 2002. Bioindication: the community approach. In: Nimis PL, Scheidegger Ch, Wolseley PA, (Eds.). Monitoring with Lichens-Monitoring Lichens. Dordrecht, the Netherland: Kluwer Academic Publishers, pp 39-64. DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-0423-7_5.
Van Haluwyn Ch, Asta J, Gaveriaux JP. 2013. Guide des Lichens de France: Lichens des arbres. Éd. Belin, France, 239p. https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/telecharger/Doc/AFL_2017_actualisation_guide_lichens_arbres.pdf
Varela Z, López-Sánchez G, Yáñez M, Pérez C, Fernández JA, Matos P, Branquinho C, Aboal JR. 2018. Changes in epiphytic lichen diversity are associated with air particulate matter levels: the case study of urban areas in Chile. Ecological Indicators 91: 307-314. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2018.04.023
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