Essential oils from Vitex trifolia as an effective repellent for Aedes aegypti
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.sidebar##
Issue
Section
Articles
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##
Abstract
Abstract. Arpiwi NL, Muksin IK, Kriswiyanti E. 2020. Essential oils from Vitex trifolia as an effective repellent for Aedes aegypti. Biodiversitas 21: 4536-4544. Vitex trifolia is a shrub or small tree grown wild from family Verbenaceae commonly found in the sandy shore habitat of the tropicals and sub-tropical countries. This research aims to measure the essential oils yield of V. trifolia leaves, to investigate the secretory cells of the leaf, and to measure repellent activity of the essential oils against Aedes aegypti. Leaves and soil samples were taken from Panjer, Sanur, and Sidakarya Villages of Denpasar, Bali Indonesia. Oil was extracted from fresh leaf samples using steam distillation. The essential oils were analyzed for its constituents using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. The leaf cross-sections were prepared using paraffin embedding method and stained with safranin. The essential oils of V. trifolia at different concentrations (0, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6% w/w) were formulated into lotions. The yield of essential oils was significantly different from the three locations. The main constituent of the oil was cis-ocimene. The essential oil yield was positively correlated with the sand content. The secretory structures of the leaf were idioblast and glandular trichome. Lotions formulated with the essential oils were soft, not greasy, and not sticky upon application to the skin and non-irritant. Lotions with 5 and 6% essential oils gave 100% protection for 3 hours from Ae. aegypti.
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##
References
Arpiwi NL, Muksin IK, Kartini NL. 2020. Essential oil from Cymbopogon nardus and repellent activity against Aedes aegypti. Biodiversitas 21(8): 3873-3878.
Amiri F, Gholipouri A, Kheirkhah M, Mirjalili MH. 2019. Study on ethnobotany and the effect of ecological factor on the yield of essential oil of Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. (case study: Yazd Province). Journal of Medicinal Plants and By-Products 2: 189-199.
Bray RH, Kurtz LT. 1945. Determination of total, organic, and available forms of phosphorus in soils. Soil Science 59: 39–45.
Chandrasekaran T, Thyagarajan A, Santhakumari PG, Pillai AKB, Krishnan UM. 2019. Larvicidal activity of essential oil from Vitex negundo and Vitex trifolia on dengue vector mosquito Aedes aegypti. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop52:e20180459. doi: 10.1590/0037-8682-0459-2018.
Chan EWC, Baba S, Chan SHT, Kainuma M, Tangah J. 2016. Medicinal plants of sandy shores: a short review on Vitex trifolia L. and Ipomoea pes-caprae (L.) R.Br. IJNPR 7(2): 107-115.
Combrinck S, Du Plooy GW, McCrindle RI, Botha BM. 2007. Morphology and histochemistry of the glandular trichomes of Lippia scaberrima (verbenaceae), Annals of Botany. 99(6): 1111-1119.
Dehsheikh AB, Sourestani MM, Dehsheikh PB, Vitalini S, Iriti M, Mottaghipisheh J. 2019. A comparative study of essential oil constituents and phenolic compounds of Arabian Lilac (Vitex trifolia var. Purpurea): an evidence of season effects, Foods 8(52) doi:10.3390/foods8020052.
Devi WR, Singh CB. 2014. Chemical composition, anti-dermatophytic activity, antioxidant and total phenolic content within the leaves essential oil of Vitex trifolia. IJPNI 1:1-5. doi 10.15171/ijpni.2014.05
Devika R. 2017. A Review on genus Vitex-a novel medicinal plant. Int J Pharma Res Health Sci 5 (6): 1904-1908.
Dhifi W, Bellili S, Jazi S, Bahloul N, Mnif W. 2016, Essential oils chemical characterization and investigation of some biological activities: a critical review Medicines 25: 1-16.
Diaz JH. 2016. Chemical and plant-based insect repellents: efficacy, safety, and toxicity. Wilderness & Environmental Medicine 27: 153–163.
Dogan Y, Ay G, Kozuharova E. 2008. A study on the anatomical characteristics of Vitex agnus-castus (Verbenaceae). Phytologia Balcanica 14 (1): 97 –101.
Figueiredo AC, Barroso JG, Pedro LG, Scheffer JJC. 2008. Factors affecting secondary metabolite production in plants: volatile components and essential oils. Flavour and Fragrance Journal 23: 213-226.
Glas JJ, Schimmel BC, Alba JM, Escobar-Bravo R, Schuurink RC, Kant MR. 2012. Plant glandular trichomes as targets for breeding or engineering of resistance to herbivores. Int. J. Mol. Sci 13: 17077–17103.
Guo J, Yuan Y, Liu Z, Zhu J. 2013. Development and structure of internal glands and external glandular trichomes in Pogostemon cablin. PLoS ONE( 8): e77862.
Hulchelmann A, Bountry M, Hachez C. 2017. Plant glandular trichomes:natural cell factories of high biotechnological interest. Plant Physiol 175: 6-22.
Jing Q, Ming W. 2019. Review dengue epidemiology. Global Health Journal 3(2): 37-45.
Karabourniotis G, Liakopoulos G, Nikolopoulos D, Bresta P. 2020. Protective and defensive roles of non glandular trichomes against multiple stresses: structure–function coordination. J. For. Res 3: 1–12.
Lange BM, Glenn W, Turner GW. 2013. Review article terpenoid biosynthesis in trichomes—current status and future opportunities. Plant Biotechnology Journal 11: 2–22.
Laxmikant K. 2012. Vitex trifolia Linn. (verbenaceae) : a review on pharmacological and biological effects, isolated and known potential phytoconstituents of therapeutic importance. J.Res.Pharm.Sci 3(3): 441-445.
Lee YE, Ding P. 2016. Production of essential oil in plant : ontogeny, secretory structures and seasonal variations. PJSRR 2(1): 1-10.
Moura MZD, Isaias RMDS, Soares GLG. 2005. Ontogenies of internal secretory cells in leaves of Lantana camara (verbenaceae). Botanical Journal of Linnean Society 148: 427-431.
Muliyah E, Sulistijorini, Sulistyaningsih YC, Rafi M. 2018. Tetracera scandens as a medicinal plant: secretory structures, histochemistry, and antibacterial activity. The Journal of Tropical Life Science 8(1): 68-74.
Munsif S, Khan MA, Ahmad M, Zafar M, Shah GM, Shaheen N. 2007. Leaf epidermal anatomy as an aid to the identification of genera Lantana, Verbena and Vitex of family verbenaceae from Pakistan. J. Agri. Soc. Sci 3(2): 43-46.
Nerio LS, Verbel JO, Stashenko E. 2010. Repellent activity of essential oils: a review. Bioresource Technology 101: 372–378.
Passos JL, Meira RMSA, Barbosa LCA. 2009. Foliar anatomy of the species Lantana camara and L. radula (verbenaceae). Planta Daninha 27(4): 689-700.
Phasomkusolsil S, Soonwera M. 2010. Insect repellent activity of medicinal plant oils against Aedes aegypti (Linn.), Anopheles minimus (Theobald) and Culex quinquefasciatus Say based on protection time and biting rate. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 41(4) : 831–40.
Rani A, Sharma A. 2013. The genus Vitex: a review. Pharmacognosy Reviews 7(14): 188-198.
Standard Nasional Indonesia (SNI) 16-4399-1996. Sediaan tabir surya [Indonesian].
Tahri D, Elhouiti F, Ouinten M, Yousfi M. 2019. Distribution modeling, soil properties, and variation in essential oils chemical composition of Rhanterium adpressum Coss. & Dur. EJE 5(2): 111-117.
Tan LTH, Lee LH, Yin WF, Chan CK, 2015. Review Article Traditional uses, phytochemistry, and bioactivities of Cananga odorata (Ylang-Ylang). Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. Article ID 896314, 30 pages. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/896314.
Tawatsin A, Asavadachanukorn P, Thavara U, Wongsinkongman P, Bansidhi J, Boonruad T, Chavalittumrong, P, Soonthornchareonnon N, Komalamisra N, Mulla MS. 2006. Repellency of essential oils extracted from plants in Thailand against four mosquito vectors (diptera: culicidae) and oviposition deterrent effects against Aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health 37(5): 915-931.
Thenmozhi S, Sundaram RS, Kumar JP, Bihari CG. 2011. Pharmacognostical and phytochemical investigation on leaves of Vitex trifolia Linn. Journal of Pharmacy Research 4(4): 1259-1262.
Thomas RP, Ramachandran A, Paul J, Mohan M. 2019. Essential oil studies of the genus Vitex L. (Verbenaceae). Int. J. Adv. Res. 7(5): 568-574.
Uniyal A, Tikar SN, Mendki MJ, Singh R, Shukla SV, Agrawal OP, Veer V, Sukumaran D. 2016. Behavioral response of Aedes aegypti mosquito towards essential oils using olfactometer. J. Arthropod-Borne Dis 10(3): 372-382.
Walkley A, Black IA. 1934. An examination of Degtjareff method for determining soil organic matter, and proposed modification of the chromic acid titration method. Soil Science 37: 29-38.
Wathoni N, Sriwidodo, Sofian FF, Narsa AC, Mutiara AN. 2018. Repellent activity of essential oils from Cananga odorata Lamk. and Cymbopogon nardus L. on corn starch-based thixogel. J Young Pharm 10: sppl:s118-s123.
Yadav NP, Rai VK, Mishra N. Sinha, DU. Bawankule, Pal A, Tripathi AK, Chanotiya CS. 2014. A novel approach for development and characterization of effective mosquito repellent cream formulation containing citronella oil. BioMed Res Intl Article ID 786084, 11 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/786084
Yavaria A, Nazeria V, Sefidkon F, Hassania ME. 2010. Influence of some environmental factors on the essential oil variability of Thymus migricus. Natural Products Communications 5(6): 943-948
Amiri F, Gholipouri A, Kheirkhah M, Mirjalili MH. 2019. Study on ethnobotany and the effect of ecological factor on the yield of essential oil of Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. (case study: Yazd Province). Journal of Medicinal Plants and By-Products 2: 189-199.
Bray RH, Kurtz LT. 1945. Determination of total, organic, and available forms of phosphorus in soils. Soil Science 59: 39–45.
Chandrasekaran T, Thyagarajan A, Santhakumari PG, Pillai AKB, Krishnan UM. 2019. Larvicidal activity of essential oil from Vitex negundo and Vitex trifolia on dengue vector mosquito Aedes aegypti. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop52:e20180459. doi: 10.1590/0037-8682-0459-2018.
Chan EWC, Baba S, Chan SHT, Kainuma M, Tangah J. 2016. Medicinal plants of sandy shores: a short review on Vitex trifolia L. and Ipomoea pes-caprae (L.) R.Br. IJNPR 7(2): 107-115.
Combrinck S, Du Plooy GW, McCrindle RI, Botha BM. 2007. Morphology and histochemistry of the glandular trichomes of Lippia scaberrima (verbenaceae), Annals of Botany. 99(6): 1111-1119.
Dehsheikh AB, Sourestani MM, Dehsheikh PB, Vitalini S, Iriti M, Mottaghipisheh J. 2019. A comparative study of essential oil constituents and phenolic compounds of Arabian Lilac (Vitex trifolia var. Purpurea): an evidence of season effects, Foods 8(52) doi:10.3390/foods8020052.
Devi WR, Singh CB. 2014. Chemical composition, anti-dermatophytic activity, antioxidant and total phenolic content within the leaves essential oil of Vitex trifolia. IJPNI 1:1-5. doi 10.15171/ijpni.2014.05
Devika R. 2017. A Review on genus Vitex-a novel medicinal plant. Int J Pharma Res Health Sci 5 (6): 1904-1908.
Dhifi W, Bellili S, Jazi S, Bahloul N, Mnif W. 2016, Essential oils chemical characterization and investigation of some biological activities: a critical review Medicines 25: 1-16.
Diaz JH. 2016. Chemical and plant-based insect repellents: efficacy, safety, and toxicity. Wilderness & Environmental Medicine 27: 153–163.
Dogan Y, Ay G, Kozuharova E. 2008. A study on the anatomical characteristics of Vitex agnus-castus (Verbenaceae). Phytologia Balcanica 14 (1): 97 –101.
Figueiredo AC, Barroso JG, Pedro LG, Scheffer JJC. 2008. Factors affecting secondary metabolite production in plants: volatile components and essential oils. Flavour and Fragrance Journal 23: 213-226.
Glas JJ, Schimmel BC, Alba JM, Escobar-Bravo R, Schuurink RC, Kant MR. 2012. Plant glandular trichomes as targets for breeding or engineering of resistance to herbivores. Int. J. Mol. Sci 13: 17077–17103.
Guo J, Yuan Y, Liu Z, Zhu J. 2013. Development and structure of internal glands and external glandular trichomes in Pogostemon cablin. PLoS ONE( 8): e77862.
Hulchelmann A, Bountry M, Hachez C. 2017. Plant glandular trichomes:natural cell factories of high biotechnological interest. Plant Physiol 175: 6-22.
Jing Q, Ming W. 2019. Review dengue epidemiology. Global Health Journal 3(2): 37-45.
Karabourniotis G, Liakopoulos G, Nikolopoulos D, Bresta P. 2020. Protective and defensive roles of non glandular trichomes against multiple stresses: structure–function coordination. J. For. Res 3: 1–12.
Lange BM, Glenn W, Turner GW. 2013. Review article terpenoid biosynthesis in trichomes—current status and future opportunities. Plant Biotechnology Journal 11: 2–22.
Laxmikant K. 2012. Vitex trifolia Linn. (verbenaceae) : a review on pharmacological and biological effects, isolated and known potential phytoconstituents of therapeutic importance. J.Res.Pharm.Sci 3(3): 441-445.
Lee YE, Ding P. 2016. Production of essential oil in plant : ontogeny, secretory structures and seasonal variations. PJSRR 2(1): 1-10.
Moura MZD, Isaias RMDS, Soares GLG. 2005. Ontogenies of internal secretory cells in leaves of Lantana camara (verbenaceae). Botanical Journal of Linnean Society 148: 427-431.
Muliyah E, Sulistijorini, Sulistyaningsih YC, Rafi M. 2018. Tetracera scandens as a medicinal plant: secretory structures, histochemistry, and antibacterial activity. The Journal of Tropical Life Science 8(1): 68-74.
Munsif S, Khan MA, Ahmad M, Zafar M, Shah GM, Shaheen N. 2007. Leaf epidermal anatomy as an aid to the identification of genera Lantana, Verbena and Vitex of family verbenaceae from Pakistan. J. Agri. Soc. Sci 3(2): 43-46.
Nerio LS, Verbel JO, Stashenko E. 2010. Repellent activity of essential oils: a review. Bioresource Technology 101: 372–378.
Passos JL, Meira RMSA, Barbosa LCA. 2009. Foliar anatomy of the species Lantana camara and L. radula (verbenaceae). Planta Daninha 27(4): 689-700.
Phasomkusolsil S, Soonwera M. 2010. Insect repellent activity of medicinal plant oils against Aedes aegypti (Linn.), Anopheles minimus (Theobald) and Culex quinquefasciatus Say based on protection time and biting rate. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 41(4) : 831–40.
Rani A, Sharma A. 2013. The genus Vitex: a review. Pharmacognosy Reviews 7(14): 188-198.
Standard Nasional Indonesia (SNI) 16-4399-1996. Sediaan tabir surya [Indonesian].
Tahri D, Elhouiti F, Ouinten M, Yousfi M. 2019. Distribution modeling, soil properties, and variation in essential oils chemical composition of Rhanterium adpressum Coss. & Dur. EJE 5(2): 111-117.
Tan LTH, Lee LH, Yin WF, Chan CK, 2015. Review Article Traditional uses, phytochemistry, and bioactivities of Cananga odorata (Ylang-Ylang). Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. Article ID 896314, 30 pages. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/896314.
Tawatsin A, Asavadachanukorn P, Thavara U, Wongsinkongman P, Bansidhi J, Boonruad T, Chavalittumrong, P, Soonthornchareonnon N, Komalamisra N, Mulla MS. 2006. Repellency of essential oils extracted from plants in Thailand against four mosquito vectors (diptera: culicidae) and oviposition deterrent effects against Aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health 37(5): 915-931.
Thenmozhi S, Sundaram RS, Kumar JP, Bihari CG. 2011. Pharmacognostical and phytochemical investigation on leaves of Vitex trifolia Linn. Journal of Pharmacy Research 4(4): 1259-1262.
Thomas RP, Ramachandran A, Paul J, Mohan M. 2019. Essential oil studies of the genus Vitex L. (Verbenaceae). Int. J. Adv. Res. 7(5): 568-574.
Uniyal A, Tikar SN, Mendki MJ, Singh R, Shukla SV, Agrawal OP, Veer V, Sukumaran D. 2016. Behavioral response of Aedes aegypti mosquito towards essential oils using olfactometer. J. Arthropod-Borne Dis 10(3): 372-382.
Walkley A, Black IA. 1934. An examination of Degtjareff method for determining soil organic matter, and proposed modification of the chromic acid titration method. Soil Science 37: 29-38.
Wathoni N, Sriwidodo, Sofian FF, Narsa AC, Mutiara AN. 2018. Repellent activity of essential oils from Cananga odorata Lamk. and Cymbopogon nardus L. on corn starch-based thixogel. J Young Pharm 10: sppl:s118-s123.
Yadav NP, Rai VK, Mishra N. Sinha, DU. Bawankule, Pal A, Tripathi AK, Chanotiya CS. 2014. A novel approach for development and characterization of effective mosquito repellent cream formulation containing citronella oil. BioMed Res Intl Article ID 786084, 11 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/786084
Yavaria A, Nazeria V, Sefidkon F, Hassania ME. 2010. Influence of some environmental factors on the essential oil variability of Thymus migricus. Natural Products Communications 5(6): 943-948
Most read articles by the same author(s)
- NI LUH ARPIWI, I KETUT MUKSIN, NI LUH KARTINI, Essential oil from Cymbopogon nardus and repellant activity against Aedes aegypti , Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity: Vol. 21 No. 8 (2020)
- I KETUT GINANTRA, I KETUT MUKSIN, MARTIN JONI , Crab diversity as support for ecotourism activities in Pejarakan Mangrove Forest, Buleleng, Bali, Indonesia , Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity: Vol. 22 No. 10 (2021)
- I KETUT GINANTRA, I KETUT MUKSIN, IDA BAGUS MADE SUASKARA, MARTIN JONI, Diversity and distribution of mollusks at three zones of mangrove in Pejarakan, Bali, Indonesia , Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity: Vol. 21 No. 10 (2020)
- DEWA AYU SRI RATNANI, I KETUT JUNITHA, ENIEK KRISWIYANTI, I NYOMAN DHANA, The ethnobotany of Ngusaba ceremonial plant utilization by Tenganan Pegringsingan community in Karangasem, Bali, Indonesia , Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity: Vol. 22 No. 4 (2021)
- NI LUH ARPIWI, I GUSTI AYU SUGI WAHYUNI, I KETUT MUKSIN, SUTOMO SUTOMO, Conservation and selection of plus trees of Pongamia pinnata in Bali, Indonesia , Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity: Vol. 19 No. 5 (2018)
- NI LUH ARPIWI, I GUSTI AYU SUGI WAHYUNI, I KETUT MUKSIN, Genetic diversity of Pongamia pinnata in Bali, Indonesia using Inter Simple Sequence Repeat markers , Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity: Vol. 20 No. 8 (2019)
- I KETUT GINANTRA, I KETUT MUKSIN, MARTIN JONI, I MADE SAKA WIJAYA , Diversity and distribution of crustaceans in the mangrove forest of Nusa Lembongan, Bali, Indonesia , Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity: Vol. 24 No. 8 (2023)