Ecological change detection in PT. Semen Gresik Rembang, Indonesia (limestone mining) activities between 2016 to 2022
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Abstract. Hanum U, Dianti, Safitri RN, Pratiwi VMR, Hermawan WG, Indrawan M, Setyawan AD. 2024. Ecological change detection in PT. Semen Gresik Rembang, Indonesia (limestone mining) activities between 2016 to 2022. Intl J Trop Drylands 8: 59-68. Limestone mining, such as at the PT. Semen Gresik Rembang (Persero) Tbk in Rembang District, East Java Province, Indonesia, impacts long-term environmental changes. One way to minimize environmental impacts due to mining activities is through remote sensing and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to determine the dynamics of landscape management. This study aims to assess ecological changes due to the cement industry or limestone mining activities in Rembang between 2016 to 2022, the assessment was carried out by considering the dynamics of land use-land cover (LULC), and measuring the emergence of water bodies and the dynamics of vegetation productivity. The data used includes Landsat 7 ETM+ satellite image data in 2016 and three Landsat 8 OLI/ TIRS satellite image data in 2018, 2020, and 2022 with a 30 m spatial resolution. Therefore, satellite image data is collected before image processing, including correction, band merging, and cropping. The maximum likelihood image classification technique was used to analyze the dynamics of land use, land cover, and the growth of water bodies. Changes in vegetation productivity were analyzed with NDVI. In the LULC analysis, an accuracy test has been conducted with satisfactory results of more than 0.81. In the occurrence of water bodies with LULC analysis, it is known that there is a possible occurrence of water bodies in the form of ex-mining ponds. During the vulnerable years of 2016 to 2022, it is known that the area of the water body increased by 5.26 hectares. The vegetation productivity results show that those area's productivity is improving; the increase in water body cover is associated with decreased vegetation land cover by 18.58 hectares and open land cover by 8.71 hectares. The increase in mining land coverage between 2016 and 2022 is 38.07 hectares; meanwhile, the increase in built-up land area from 2016 to 2022 also increased by 15.88 hectares. Thus, remote sensing and GIS can be used to determine the dynamics of landscape management in an area.
2017-01-01
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