Amino acids profile and protein functional properties of Chrozophora oblongifolia seeds from Kordofan Region, Sudan

Abstract

Abstract. Abdalgader SIA, Ahmed AI. 2019. Amino acids profile and protein functional properties of Chrozophora oblongifolia seeds from Kordofan Region, Sudan. Trop Drylands 3: 17-21. Species of Chrozophora genus (Euphorbiaceae family) have been traditionally used as food with many of these species showing high content of protein and oil with high percentages of fatty acids. The present research was conducted to study the amino acids profile and protein functional properties of Chrozophora oblongifolia seeds. The fresh seeds samples were obtained from North and West Kordofan regions, Sudan. The protein functional properties, i.e., water absorption capacity, oil absorption capacities, emulsifying capacity, foaming stability, bulk density and crude protein were determined, then the amino acids profile was investigated using an amino acids analyzer (L-8900 Hitachi-Hitech, Tokyo, Japan) under the experimental conditions recommended for protein hydrolysates. There were seven essential amino acids namely lysine, histidine, threonine, methionine, valine, isoleucine and phenylalanine, and nine non-essential amino acids namely arginine, aspartic acid, serine, glutamic acid, glycine, proline, alanine, cysteine and tyrosine. Glycine with a range of 0.99-1.02 g/100g proteins, while arginine with a range of 8.43-8.87 g/100g protein was the highest. Leucine and isoleucine, which were limiting amino acids in most foodstuffs, were in ranges of 7.27-7.59g/100g and 5.24-56 4.19 g/100g, respectively. Statistical analysis of the seeds protein concentrates showed that significant differences (p ? 0.05) in crude protein and water absorption capacities, oil absorption capacities, foaming stability and bulk density were found between the two different collection regions, while there were no significant (p ? 0.05) differences found in emulsifying capacity and foaming capacity. The protein concentrates indicated higher protein content for North Kordofan seeds (83.33%) than that of 80.6% for West Kordofan seeds. This study concluded that C. oblongifolia seeds can be considered as a cheap source of edible protein which had rich of essential amino acids