Morphometric characterization and zoometric indices of female Bali cattle reared in Lombok Tengah District, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.sidebar##

PDF
Issue
Vol. 24 No. 2 (2023)
Section
Articles
Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##

ADI TIYA WARMAN
Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada. Jl. Fauna No. 3, Sleman 55281, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
GALIH TRIE FADHILAH
Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada. Jl. Fauna No. 3, Sleman 55281, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
ALEK IBRAHIM
Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada. Jl. Fauna No. 3, Sleman 55281, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
BAYU ANDRI ATMOKO
Research Center for Animal Husbandry, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong Science Center, Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor Km. 46, Cibinong, Bogor 16915, West Java, Indonesia
ENDANG BALIARTI
Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada. Jl. Fauna No. 3, Sleman 55281, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
PANJONO ♥
Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada. Jl. Fauna No. 3, Sleman 55281, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Abstract


Abstract. Warman AT, Fadhilah GT, Ibrahim A, Atmoko BA, Baliarti E, Panjono. 2023. Morphometric characterization and zoometric indices of female Bali cattle reared in Lombok Tengah District, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 966-974. Livestock body conformation can be described by using their morphometric characteristics and zoometric indices. This study aims to provide information about female Bali cattle's (Bos javanicus) morphometric characterization and zoometric indices using principal component analysis (PCA). The study was conducted by using 149 heads of the female Bali cattle reared by smallholder farmers in Lombok Tengah District, West Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia. Morphometric characteristics in this study consists of body length (BL), withers height (WH), chest girth (CG), chest width (CW), chest depth (CD), rump height (RH), rump width (RW), head length (HW), and head width (HW). Therefore, the zoometric indices in this study consist of body index (BI), body ratio (BR), cephalic index (CeI), compact index (CoI), conformation index (CnI), depth index (DI), index of compression (IC), height index (HI), height slope (HS), length index (LI), over increase index (OII), thoracic development (TD), transverse pelvic (TP), and weight (W). Data were analyzed by descriptive analysis and factor analysis (principal component analysis/PCA) using SPSS 25.0 program. The average body measurements for BL, WH, CG, CW, CD, RH, RW, HL, and HW were 108.40, 108.35, 148.54, 34.54, 57.50, 106.28, 32.03, 34.66, and 19.10 cm, respectively. The highest correlation coefficient (r) in morphometric characteristics was shown between RH and WH (0.744) and in zoometric indices between BR and HS (0.997). The PCA for morphometric characteristics revealed two factors of PC1 (BL, CG, CW, CD, RW, and HL) and PC2 (WH, RH, and HW), which explain about 67.50% of the total variation. The PCA for zoometric indices revealed four factors of PC1 (CoI, CnI, DI, LI, TD, TP, W), PC2 (BR, HS, and OII), PC3 (BI, IC), and PC4 (CeI), which explain about 90.64% of the total variation. It was concluded that six morphometric characteristics (BL, CG, CW, CD, RW, and HL) were important to describe the body conformation of female Bali cattle and could be used as selection criteria.


##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##

References
Agung, P. P., W. P. B. Putra., S. Anwar., and A. S. Wulandari. 2018. Body weight estimation of Bali cattle in Banyumulek Techno Park, West Nusa Tenggara using several morphometric parameters. Bulletin of Animal Science. 42(1):20-25. DOI: 10.21059/buletinpeternak.v42i1.29840.
Banerjee, S. 2017. Body indices of Garole sheep reared in West Bengal (India). Proc. Zool. Soc. 70(1): 61-73. DOI: 10.1007/s12595-015-0162-7.
Boujenane, I. 2015. Multavariate characterization of Oulmaes-Zaer and Tidili cattle using the morphological traits. Iranian Journal of Applied Animal Science. 5(2):293-299.
Depison., W. P. B. Putra., and D. H. Irmaya. 2022. Morphometric discrimination in Bali cattle (Bos javanicus) at two different altitude areas of Jambi province, Indonesia. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences. 92(2):222-225. DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v92i2.122097.
FAO. 2012. Phenotypic Characterization of Animal Genetic Resources. FAO Animal Production and Health Guidelines. Rome. Italy.
Getaneh, D., S. Banerjee., and M. Taye. 2019. Morphometrical traits and structural indices of Malle cattle reared in the South Omo Zone of Southwest Ethiopia. International Journal of Veterinary Sciences Research. 5(2):32-47. DOI: 10.18488/journal.110.2019.52.32.47.
Gushairiyanto dan Depison. 2021. Karakteristik kuantitatif sapi Bali menggunakan analisis komponen utama di Kabupaten Merangin dan Muaro Jambi, Provinsi Jambi. Jurnal Sain Peternakan Indonesia. 16(1):74-79. DOI: 10.31186/jspi.id.16.1.74-79.
Herviyanto, D., Kuswati., dan G. Ciptadi. 2021. Body size of sonok type Madura cattle. International Research Journal of Advanced Engineering and Science. 6(1):53-54.
Heryani, L. G. S. S., N. N. W. Susari., and I. W. N. F. Gunawan. 2018. Variabel komponen utama pada morfometrik sapi putih Tari berdasarkan pengukuran badan. Buletin Veteriner Udayana. 10(1):93-99. DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2018.v10.i01.p15.
Hikmawaty., A. Gunawan., R. R. Noor., dan Jakaria. 2014. Identifikasi ukuran tubuh dan bentuk tubuh sapi Bali di beberapa pusat pembibitan melalui pendekatan analisis komponen utama. Jurnal Ilmu Produksi dan Teknologi Hasil Peternakan. 02(1):231-237.
Hirwa, C. D., D. R. Kugonza., T. Murekezi., J. D. Rwemarika., A. Kayitesi., A. Musemakweri., J. P. Shabayiro., F. Shumbusho., M. Manzi., and T. Safari. 2017. Management and phenotypic features of indigenous cattle in Rwanda. International Journal of Livestock Production. 8(7):95-112. DOI: 10.5897/IJLP2017.0362.
Ibrahim A, Budisatria IGS, Baliarti E, Putra WPB, Margawati ET, Atmoko BA, Artama WT, Widayanti R. 2022a. Factor and discriminant analyses in the morphostructure of Batur and Wonosobo sheep breeds. Indian Journal of Animal Research. DOI: 10.18805/IJAR.BF-1455.
Ibrahim A, Budisatria IGS, Baliarti E, Sari APZNL, Artama W, Widayanti R, Margawati ET, Fadholly A, Atmoko BA. 2022b. Qualitative morphological characterization of male Indonesia local sheep breeds on Java Island, Indonesia. Indian Journal of Animal Research. DOI: 10.18805/IJAR.BF-1555.
Islam, M. S., N. Yimer., A. W. Haron., F. F. J. Abdullah., M H. W. Han., K. Mamat-Hamidi., and H. B. M. Zawawi. 2022. First study on phenotypic and morphological characteristics of Malaysian Kedah-Kelantan cattle (Bos indicus) and method of estimating their body weight. Veterinary World. 15(3):728-736. DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2022.728-736.
Khargharia, G., G. Kadirvel, S. Kumar, S. Doley, P.K. Bharti, and M. Das. 2015. Principal component analysis of morphological traits of Assam Hill goat in Eastern Himalayan India. The Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences. 25(5): 1251-1258.
Kuswati., M. I. Ali., and R. D. Wahyuni. 2022. Morphometric characteristics of Galekan cattle breed base on principle component analysis (PCA). Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Peternakan. 32(1):1-12. DOI: 10.21776/ub.jiip.2022.032.01.01.
Kuswati., W. A. Septian., T. Susilawati., D. Herviyanto. Karakteristik morfometrik sapi Madura betina tipe sonok. Jurnal Ilmo dan Teknologi Peternakan Tropis. 9(1):149-157. DOI: 10.33772/jitro.v9i1.1069.
Mohamad, K., M. Olsson., G, Andersson., B. Purwantara., H. T. A. van Tol., H. Rodriguez-Martinez., B. Colenbrander and J. A. Lenstra. 2011. The origin of Indonesia cattle and conservation genetics of the Bali cattle breed. Reprod Dom Anim. 47 (1): 1-4. DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2011.01960.
Musa, A. M., N. Z. Idam., and K. M. Elamin. 2012. Relationship among live body weight and some body measurements in Sudanese Kenana bulls. Animal Production. 14(3):187-191.
Parés-Casanova, P. M., I. Sinfreu., D. Villalba. 2013. Application of varimax rotated principal component analysis in quantifying some zoometrical traits of a relict cow. Korean J Vet Res. 53(1):1-4. DOI: 10.14405/kjvr.2013.53.1.007.
Prihandini, P. W., D. Maharani., Sumadi. 2020. Body weight, body measurements and slaughter characteristics of Madura cattle raised in Pamekasan Distric, East Java Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas. 21(8):3415-3421. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210801.
Pundir, R. K., P, K, Singh., K. P. Singh., and P. S. Dangi. 2011. Factor analysis of biometric traits of Kankrej cows to ekplain body conformation. Asian-Aus, J. Anim. Sci. 24(4):449-456. DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2011.10341.
Putra, W. P. B., dan F. Ilham. 2019. Principal component analysis of body measurements and body indices and their correlation with body weight in Katjang does of Indonesia. J Dairy Vet Anim Res. 8(3):124-134. DOI: 10.15406/jdvar.2019.08.00254.
Putra, W.P.B., S. Said, and J. Arifin. 2020. Principal component analysis (PCA) of body measurements and body indices in the Pasundan cows. Black Sea Journal of Agriculture. 3(1): 49-55.
Putra, W. P. B., dan F. Hilmawan. 2022. Principal component analysis (PCA) of body measurements in male Swamp Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) of Indonesia. Journal of Applied Biological Sciences. 16(1):70-79. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5826167.
Said, S., W. P. B. Putra., S. Anwar., P. P. Agung., H. Yuhani. 2017. Phenotypic, morphometric characterization and population structure of Pasundan cattle at west Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas. 18(4):1638-1645. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180444.
Sarma, O. 2022. Principal component analysis of different economic traits in livestock & poultry: a comprehensive review. International Journal of Applied Research. 8(1):104-110. DOI: 10.22271/allresearch.2022.v8.i10b.10199.
Slimene, A., C. Damergi., L. Chammakhi., T. Najar., and M. B. Mrad. 2012. The use of principal component analysis to characterize bulls aged between 14 and 26 months in Tunisia. Res. Opin. Anim. Vet. Scie. 2(3):207-211.
Supriyantono, A., M. Tomiyama., and K. Suzuki. 2012. Estimation of (co) variance components and genetic parameter of withers height, chest girth, and body length of Bali cattle using animal model. Intl. J. of Molecular Zoology. 2(5):45-50. DOI: 10.5376/ijmz.2012.02.0005.
Tabun, A. C., I. G. N. G. Bidura., I. G. A. Putra., and D. A. Warmadewi. 2022. The body dimensions and body weight gain on Bali calf and cows with different coat colors on the semi-intensive maintenance system in Kupang, Indonesia. GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences. 19(02):187-195. DOI: 10.30574/gscbps.2022.19.2.0193.
Tolenkhomba, T. C., D. S. Konsam., N. S. Singh., M. Prava., D. Singh., M. A. Ali., and E. Motina. 2012. Factor analysis of body measurements of local cows of Manipur, India. International Multidisciplinary Research Journal. 2(2):77-82.
Tolenkhomba, T. C., N. S. Singh., J. K. Chaudhury and P. Mayengbam. 2021. Principal component analysis of body measurements of Zobawng bulls: A local hill cattle of Mizoram, India. Journal of Entomolgy and Zoology Studies (JEZS). 9(1):2022-2026.
Tyasi, T. L., and W. P. B. Putra. 2022. Principal component analysis (PCA) in the body measurement of Nguni cows. Pakistan J. Zool. 54(7):1-4. DOI: 10.17582/journal.pjz/20210605170634.
Verma, D., V. Sankhyan., S. Katoch., and Y. P. Thakur. 2015. Principal component analysis of biometric traits to reveal body confirmation in local hill cattle of Himalayan state of Himachal Pradesh, India. Veterinary World. 8(12):1453-1457. DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2015.1453-1457.
Warmadewi, D. A., I. G. L. Oka., and I. N. Ardika. 2017. Efektivitas seleksi dimensi tubuh sapi Bali induk. Majalah Ilmiah Peternakan. 20(1):16-19. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24843/MIP.2017.v20.i01.p04.
Widi, T.S.M., E. Baliarti, A. Ibrahim, H. Koesmara, and I.G.S. Budisatria. 2016. Phenotypic characteristics of Aceh cattle on different sex and age in smallholder farmers. Proceeding 3rd Animal Production International Seminar (3rd APIS) & 3rd ASEAN Regional Conference on Animal Production (3rd ARCAP). Pp. 381-383.
Widyas, N., T. S. M. Widi., S. Prastowo., I. Sumantri., B. J. Hayes., anda H. M. Burrow. 2022. Promoting sustainable utilization and genetic improvement of Indonesian local beef cattle breeds: A Review. Agriculture. 12(10):1-25. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12101566.
Yakubu, A., D. M. Ogah., and. K. O. Idahor. 2009. Principal component analysis of the morphostructural indices of White Fulani cattle. Trakia Journal of Sciences. 7(2):67-73.

Most read articles by the same author(s)