Short Communication: Biological control of Meloidogyne javanica by Pasteuria penetrans and Trichoderma harzianum on tomato plants

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Vol. 24 No. 2 (2023)
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HAMOOD M. SALEH ♥
Plant protection department, College of Agriculture, University of Anbar. Ramadi 31001, Iraq
AHMED FAWZI SHAFEEQ
Center of Desert Studies, University of Anbar. Ramadi 31001, Iraq
MAHER A. KHAIRI
Plant protection department, Agriculture Directorate of Anbar. Ramadi 31001, Iraq

Abstract


Abstract. Saleh HM, Shafeeq AF, Khairi MA. 2023. Short Communication: Biological control of Meloidogyne javanica by Pasteuria penetrans and Trichoderma harzianum on tomato plants. Biodiversitas 24: 847-851. This study was to determine the efficiency of Pasteuria penetrans and Trichoderma harzianum to control root-knot nematodes on tomato plants. To assess the biocontrol efficiency and the threshold level of spores/J2 for mass propagation of P. penetrans, four different levels of spores load on second-stage juveniles (J2) (1-3, 4-8, 9-14 and 15-25 spores/J2) were tested, Results showed that levels 9-14 and 15-25 spore/J2 achieved the best significant reduction in root gall index and the number of eggs/g root which were 2.4, 1.8, 1726 and 563, respectively as compared to the other treatments and control. It was also observed that 15-25 spores/J2 were more efficient (0.05) in reducing the number of eggs, females in the root and the number of J2 in 250 g of soil compared with other treatments. The addition of 2 g of bacterial inoculum at 3 and 7 days before transplanting gave the best result in reducing root gall index and the number of eggs/g root as it reached 2.0, 161 eggs and 1.4, 78 eggs compared with other treatments. The best day for the application of T. harzianumto reduce infection of root-knot nematodes was 7 days before transplanting at a level of 4 g as compared with other treatments. A significant reduction was observed in the root gall index (2.0) and the number of eggs (885 eggs) compared to the treatment of level of 2 gm of the fungal inoculum and M. javanicatreatment, which were 2.8, 1352 eggs and 4.6, 11317 eggs.


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