Natural vegetation communities on the iron ore dumpsites in Northern Kazakhstan
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.sidebar##
Issue
Section
Articles
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##
Abstract
Abstract. Simanchuk Y, Sultangazina G. 2023. Natural vegetation communities on the iron ore dumpsites in Northern Kazakhstan. Biodiversitas 24: 3414-3423. Mining can significantly impact the landscape, clearing vegetation and causing other environmental damage. Reclamation and revegetation are often used to restore degraded land after mining. One reclamation method is passive restoration, which allows vegetation to regenerate naturally. In this study, we investigated the primary stages of syngenesis at the dumpsites of the Sokolov Sarbai Mining Production Association (SSGPO JSC), including the Sokolov and Sarbai deposits and the Kachary Ruda JSC. The age of the dumps studied ranged from two to forty years. According to the degree of syngenesis, the vegetation cover of the dumps was divided into three groups: pioneer groups, group-thicket communities, and diffuse communities. A total of sixty-three standard geobotanical descriptions were made. The composition of plant cenopopulations for saline and non-saline soils was analyzed. A comprehensive floristic analysis of the list of plants, as well as the activity of species in terms of their importance, was carried out. Dominant plants with a high class of consistency were highlighted. The study of syngenesis stages showed that, despite the long period of existence of the dumps, the formation of zonal or intrazonal communities did not occur. The initial stages of syngenesis were characterized by a random and unstable floristic composition of plant communities. The ecological species heterogeneity of the first stages of syngenesis was documented in the spread of species of different coenotic groups. It was determined that salinity slowed down the rate of syngenesis stage change, reduced the number of species, and altered floral composition in saline soils compared to non-saline ones. Even at old dump sites, the floristic composition was incomplete compared to natural phytocenoses.
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##
References
Aidarkhanova GS, Kubentayev SA, Kukhar YV, Urazalina AS. 2022. Current state of populations, resources, and biological activity Pulsatilla patens (Ranunculaceae) in Northern Kazakhstan. Biodiversitas 23 (5): 2311-2320. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230509.
Ayupova NR, Novoselov KA, Maslennikov VV, Melekestseva IY, Hollis SP, Artemyev DA, Tessalina AG. 2021. The formation of magnetite ores of the Glubochenskoe deposit, Turgai iron belt, Russia: New structural, mineralogical, geochemical, and isotopic constraints. Miner Deposita 56: 103-123. DOI: 10.1007/s00126-020-00994-6.
Baysholanov SS. 2017. Agro-climatic resources of the Kostanay region, Astana, Kazakhstan.
Belov A, Repsh N, Berseneva S, Demidenko E, Landyk V, Lomova V. 2020. Restoration of ecological and geological systems of disturbed lands of South Primorye. E3S Web Conf 175: 06013. DOI: 10.1051/e3sconf/202017506013.
Bragina T?, Khisametdinova DD. 2018. The woodlouse (Isopoda: Oniscidea) fauna of steppe habitats in the Kostanay region of Kazakhstan. Hacquetia 17 (1): 111-119. DOI: 10.1515/hacq-2017-0016.
Brand U, Wissen M, Danso-Dahmen L, King ZM, Jungwirth B. 2021. The Imperial Mode of Living: Everyday Life and the Ecological Crisis of Capitalism. Verso Books, London.
Braun-Blanquet J. 1964. Pflanzensociologie. Grundzuge der Vegetationskunde. 3 Aufl. Wien, New York. [Russian]
Buma B, Bisbing S, Krapek J, Wright G. 2017. A foundation of ecology rediscovered: 100 years of succession on the William S. Cooper plots in Glacier Bay, Alaska. Ecology 98: 1513-1523. DOI: 10.1002/ecy.1848.
CBD. The Sixth National Report on Biological Diversity in The Republic of Kazakhstan. www.cawater-info.net/pdf/kz-nr-06-en.pdf.
Chang CC, Turner BL 2019. Ecological succession in a changing world. J Ecol 107 (2): 503-509. DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.13132.
Chaplygina ?B, Filatova ?V, Litvin L?, Nykyforov VV. 2023. The main factors and prospects for the restoration of biodiversity in technogenic territories (on the example of the Poltava mining and processing plant). Biosyst Divers 31 (1): 100-112. DOI: 10.15421/012311.
Chukavina LP. 1971. Polygonum - Highlander. Key to plants of Central Asia. "Fan". Tashkent 2: 201-220. [Russian]
Deák B, Bragina T, Tölgyesi C, Kelemen A, Bátori Z, Gallé R, Abil E, Valkó O. 2017. Role of kurgans in preserving steppe plant species in Northern Kazakhstan. Biological Diversity of Asian Steppe. Proceedings of the III International Scientific Conference. Kostanay, Kazakhstan, 24-27 April 2017. [Russian]
Dryuk OV, Simanchuk YeA. 2018. Dynamics of harvest quality and productivity of grain crops depending on soil and climatic factors of the Kostanay region. 3i - Intellect, Idea, Innovation 1 (1): 98-103.
Edelev AV, Yurkevich NV, Gureev VN, Mazov NA. 2022. Reclamation of waste storage sites of the mining industry in the Russian Federation. J Min Sci 58: 1053-1068. DOI: 10.1134/S1062739122060205.
Feng Y, Wang J, Bai Z, Reading L. 2019. Effects of surface coal mining and land reclamation on soil properties: A review. Earth Sci Rev 191: 12-25. DOI: 10.1016/j.earscirev.2019.02.015.
Fernández-Caliani JC, Giráldez MI, Waken WH, Del Río ZM, Córdoba F. 2021. Soil quality changes in an Iberian pyrite mine site 15 years after land reclamation. Catena 206: 105538. DOI: 10.1016/j.catena.2021.105538.
Hawkins T, Smith MP, Herrington RJ, Maslennikov V, Boyce AJ, Jeffries T, Creaser RA. 2017. The geology and genesis of the iron skarns of the Turgai belt, northwestern Kazakhstan. Ore Geol Rev 85: 216-246. DOI: 10.1016/j.oregeorev.2015.10.016.
Hendrychová M, Svobodova K, Kabrna M. 2020. Mine reclamation planning and management: Integrating natural habitats into post-mining land use. Resour Policy 69: 101882. DOI: 10.1016/j.resourpol.2020.101882.
Henyk Y, Popovych V, Zayachuk V, Hotsii N, Tyndyk O. 2022. Principles of revitalization of technogically violated areas in the western region of Ukraine. Zeszyty Naukowe 22 (XI-2): 76-89.
Khismatullin M, Mukhametgaliev F, Asadullin N, Avkhadiev F, Khismatullin M, Raheem U. 2021. Implementation of government support measures for reclamation as an incentive for the development of the agricultural industry: Experience of the Republic of Tatarstan. BIO Web Conf 37: 00080. DOI: 10.1051/bioconf/20213700080.
Klimova O, Kupriyanov A. 2021. Natural reforestation of Kuzbass dumps. BIO Web Conf 31: 00012. DOI: 10.1051/bioconf/20213100012.
Konysbaeva DT, Rulyova MM, Ormanbekova DO. 2013. The steady models of recultivated lands for northern Kazakhstan. Sci World 2 (5): 17.
Kopytov A, Kupriyanov O, Manakov Y, Kupriyanov A. 2021. Coal mining in Kuzbass and new technologies for revegetation of dumps. E3S Web Conf 315: 02016. DOI: 10.1051/e3sconf/202131502016.
Korniyenko VY, Chukharev SM, Zaiets VV, Vasylchuk OY. 2020. Reclamation of destructed lands owing to illegal amber production in northern regions of Ukraine. In: Malanchuk Z, Moraru R, Chukharev S, Samoiluk E (eds). Resource-Saving Technologies of Raw-Material Base Development in Mineral Mining and Processing. Universitas Publishing, Petro?ani, Romania. DOI: 10.31713/m905.
Koš?ová M, Hellmer M, Anyona S, Gvozdkova T. 2018. Geo-environmental problems of open pit mining: Classification and solutions. E3S Web Conf 41: 01034. DOI: 10.1051/e3sconf/20184101034.
Kubanskaya ZV. 1956. Vegetation and Food Resources of the Bet-Pak-Dala desert. Publishing House of the Academy of Sciences of the Kazakh SSR, Alma-Ata. [Russian]
Noviyanto A, Purwanto P, Minardi S, Supriyadi S. 2017. The assessment of soil quality of various age of land reclamation after coal mining: A chronosequence study. J Degrad Min Land Manag 5 (1): 1009-1018. DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2017.051.1009.
Order No. 386 of the Minister for Investment and Development of the Republic of Kazakhstan. 2018. On approval of the Instructions for drawing up a liquidation plan and the Methodology for calculating the approximate cost of liquidating the consequences of operations for the extraction of solid minerals: information and legal system of regulatory legal acts of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
Peco JD, Higueras P, Campos JA, Esbrí JM, Moreno MM, Battaglia-Brunet F, Sandalio LM. 2021. Abandoned mine lands reclamation by plant remediation technologies. Sustainability 13 (12): 6555. DOI: 10.3390/su13126555.
Peltz CD, Harley A. 2016. Biochar Application for Abandoned Mine Land Reclamation. In: Guo M, He Z, Uchimiya SM (eds). Agricultural and Environmental Applications of Biochar: Advances and Barriers. SSSA Special Publication, Madison. DOI: 10.2136/sssaspecpub63.2014.0047.5.
Pratiwi, Narendra BH, Siregar CA, Turjaman M, Hidayat A, Rachmat HH, Mulyanto B, Suwardi, Iskandar, Maharani R, Rayadin Y, Prayudyaningsih R, Yuwati TW, Prematuri R, Susilowati A. 2021. Managing and reforesting degraded post-mining landscape in Indonesia: A review. Land 10 (6): 658. DOI: 10.3390/land10060658.
Red Book of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Protected vascular plants, mosses, liverworts, anthocerotes and lichens.
Rysbekov K, Usen K, Akhtaeva N, Osmonali B, Nurmakhanova A, Mukanova G. 2019. Examination and current state of vegetation of technologically disturbed Lands of SSGPO. EurAsian J Ecol 59 (2): 90-99. DOI: 10.26577/EJE.2019.v59.i2.08.
Shandala NK, Seregin VA, Tukov AR, Kiselev SM, Shlygin VV, Pozhidaev A, Hojion M. 2016. The study of environmental contamination and public health in the vicinity of the uranium legacy sites in the Tajik Republic. In International Congress of the International Radiation Protection Association. Cape Town, South Africa, 9-13 May 2016.
Shennikov AP. 1964. Vvedenie v geobotaniku. L. LGU Pub. House, Leningrad. [Russian]
Simanchuk Y, Sultangazina GJ, Kuprijanov AN. 2023. Natural overgrowth of the dump sites of mining enterprises in the Kostanay Region. Sci J Rep Natl Acad Sci Repub Kazakhstan 345 (1): 82-95. DOI: 10.32014/2023.2518-1483.186.
Swab RM, Lorenz N, Byrd S, Dick R. 2017. Native vegetation in reclamation: Improving habitat and ecosystem function through using prairie species in mine land reclamation. Ecol Eng 108: 525-536. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2017.05.012.
Tchoroev A. 2021. Lack of awareness and post-mining mismanagement in Kyrgyzstan. In: Sternberg T, Toktomushev K, Ichinkhorloo B (eds). The Impact of Mining Lifecycles in Mongolia and Kyrgyzstan. Routledge, London. DOI: 10.4324/9781003097341.
Terekhova EB. 1976. Soils of dumps of the Sokolov Sarbai iron ore deposit and assessment of their suitability for plant development. Plants and industrial environment, Sverdlovsk. Plants Industrial Environ 1976: 4. [Russian]
Terekhova EB. 1977. Suitability of overburden rocks of quarries in Kazakhstan for biological reclamation. Recultivation of lands disturbed during mining, Moscow. [Russian]
Tölgyesi ?, Valkó O, Deák B, Kelemen A, Bragina TM, Gallé R, Erd?s L, Bátori Z. 2018. Tree-herb co-existence and community assembly in natural forest-steppe transitions. Plant Ecol Divers 11 (4): 465-477. DOI: 10.1080/17550874.2018.1544674.
Treschevskaya E, Golyadkina I, Treschevskaya S, Kushnir E. 2021. Plant species selection and biomass nutrient content on post-mine sites of the Kursk magnetic anomaly. IOP Conf Ser: Earth Environ Sci 875: 012046. DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/875/1/012046.