Spatial, seasonal variation and impacts of anthropogenic factors on insect assemblages (Arthropoda: Insecta) in Northwest Morocco
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.sidebar##
Issue
Section
Articles
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##
Abstract
Abstract., El Harche H, El Hassouni S, Fadli M. 2023. Spatial, seasonal variation and impacts of anthropogenic factors on insect assemblages (Arthropoda: Insecta) in Northwest Morocco. Biodiversitas 24: 5368-5375. Agriculture has been identified as one of the main causes of biodiversity loss due to the vast area dedicated to this activity. In Morocco, agroecosystems are becoming increasingly developed, which makes it necessary to study their impact on the local entomofauna. We studied the influence of seasonality and anthropogenic activities, including habitat type, on insect diversity in northwestern Morocco. The insects were collected between March 2019 and February 2020, covering all seasons, using three sampling techniques (sweep nets, pitfall traps, and sight hunting). Our study revealed the presence of 83 species, which were classified into 7 orders belonging to 32 families. Our findings demonstrate that insects diversity changes with the seasons, being higher in spring and summer than in autumn and winter. In addition, insect richness varies according to habitat type, with heterogeneous fields showing greater diversity than homogeneous ones. Research also indicates that anthropogenic pressures have had a detrimental impact on insect diversity, particularly in agricultural activities such as grazing, tillage, and the widespread use of pesticides. The results of this study are essential for the effective conservation and management of insect species worldwide. Accordingly, we make several recommendations to help preserve insect diversity and improve their survival, including reducing the massive use of pesticides and contributing to the global effort to reduce the impacts of climate change, which will not be possible without the cooperation of landowners, farmers, managers, and researchers. Therefore, we can enhance effective conservation and ensure insect species' long-term survival by fostering collaboration and knowledge-sharing among these groups.
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##
References
Ajerrar A, Zaafrani M, Qessaoui R, Ait Aabd N, Bahadou H, Lahmyed H, Nicholas Furze J, Chebli B, Mayad E, H, Bouharroud R 2022. Terrestrial arthropods diversity in the Argan Biosphere Reserve: Seasonal dynamics and ecological function roles. J. Saudi Soc. Agric. Sci. 22(1): 1-10. DOI:10,1016/j,jssas,2022,05,003
Ashford OS, Foster WA, Turner BL, Sayer EJ, Sutcliffe L, Tanner EV. 2013. Litter manipulation and the soil arthropod community in a lowland tropical rainforest. Soil Biol. Biochem 62: 5–12. DOI: 10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.03.001
Bale J, Masters GJ, Hodkinson ID, Awmack C, Martijn B, Brown K, Butterfield J, Buse A, Coulson JC, Farrar J, Good JE, Harrington R, Hartley S, Jones TJ, Lindroth RL, Press MC, Symrnioudis I, Watt AD, Whittaker JB. 2002. Herbivory in global climate change research: Direct effects of rising temperature on insect herbivores. Glob Chang Biol 8: 1-16. DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2486.2002.00451.x
Batáry P, Báldi A, Ekroos J. 2020. Biologia Futura: landscape perspectives on farmland biodiversity conservation. Biol. Futura 71: 9–18. DOI: 10.1007/s42977-020-00015-7
Becerra JX.2015. On the factors that promote the diversity of herbivorous insects and plants in tropical forests. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. America 112(19): 6098–6103. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1418643112
Bianchi FJJA, Booij CJH, Tscharntke T. 2006. Sustainable pest regulation in agricultural landscapes: a review on landscape composition biodiversity and natural pest control. Proc Biol Sci. 273: 1715–1727. DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2006.3530.
Bodlah MA, Iqbal J, Ashiq A, Bodlah I, Jiang S, Mudassir MA,Rasheed MT, Fareen AGE. 2023. Insect behavioral restraint and adaptation strategies under heat stress: An inclusive review. J. Saudi Soc. Agric. Sci. 22(6): 327-350. DOI: 10.1016/j.jssas.2023.02.004.
Bohbot JD, Vernick S. 2020. The Emergence of Insect Odorant Receptor-Based Biosensors. Biosensors 10(3):26. DOI: 10.3390/bios10030026.
Bryant A, Brainard DC, Haramoto ER, Szendrei Z. 2013. Cover crop mulch and weed management influence arthropod communities in strip-tilled cabbage. Pest Manag 42: 293-306. DOI: 10.1603/EN12192.
Burns F, Eaton MA, Barlow KE, Beckmann BC, Brereton T, Brooks DR, Brown PMJ, Al Fulaij N, Gent T, Henderson I, Noble DG, Parsons M, Powney GD, Roy HE, Stroh P, Walker K, Wilkinson JW, Wotton SR, Gregory RD. 2016. Agricultural management and climatic change are the major drivers of biodiversity change in the UK. PLoS One 11: e0151595. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.015159.
Culliney TW. 2013. Role of arthropods in maintaining soil fertility. Agriculture 3: 629-659. DOI 10.3390/agriculture3040629
Chatelain P, Plant A, Soulier–Perkins A, Daugeron C . 2018. Diversity increases with elevation: Empidine dance flies (Diptera Empididae) challenge a predominant pattern. Biotropica 50(4): 633–640. DOI: 10.1111/btp.12548
Doblas–Miranda E, Sanchez–Pinero F, Gonzalez–Megias A. 2009. Different microhabitats affect soil macroinvertebrate assemblages in a Mediterranean arid ecosystem. Appl. Soil Ecol. 41: 329–335.DOI: 10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.12.008
Dong Z, Zhang Q, Li L, Lu Z, Li C, Ouyang F, Tscharntke T, Yu Y, Men X. 2020. Landscape agricultural simplification correlates positively with the spatial distribution of a specialist yet negatively with a generalist pest. Sci Rep. 10(1):344. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-57077-4.
El Harche H, Chavanon G, Dahmani J, Bedoui I, Kaioua S, Fadli, M. 2021. Biological and Ecological Traits of Terrestrial Arthropods in North-West Morocco. J. Ecol. Eng. 23(1): 252-263. DOI :10,12911/22998993/143907
Flor R.J, Chhay K, Sorn V, Maat H, Hadi BAR. 2018. The Technological Trajectory of Integrated Pest Management for Rice in Cambodia. Sustainability 10:1732. DOI: 10.3390/su10061732.
Franin K, Bari?, B Kuštera, G. 2016. The role of ecological infrastructure on beneficial arthropods in vineyards. Span. J. Agric. Res. 14(1):1-10.DOI: 10.5424/sjar/2016141-7371.
Ghosh A, Misra S, Bhattacharyya R, Sarkar A, Singh AK, Tyagi VC, Kumar RV, Meena VS. 2020. Agriculture dairy and fishery farming practices and greenhouse gas emission footprint: A strategic appraisal for mitigation. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 27: 10160-10184. DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-07949-4
Herlinda S, Tricahyati T, Irsan C, Karenina T, Hasbi, Suparman, Lakitan B, Anggraini E, Arsi. 2021 Arboreal arthropod assemblages in chili pepper with different mulches and pest managements in freshwater swamps of South Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22 (6): 3065- 3074. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220608
Holland JM, Reynolds CJM. 2003. The impact of soil cultivation on arthropod (Coleoptera and Araneae) emergence on arable land. Pedobiologia 47: 181–191. DOI: 10.1078/0031-4056-00181
Horák J, Šafá?ová L, Trombik J, Menéndez R. 2022, 'Patterns and determinants of plant, butterfly and beetle diversity reveal optimal city grassland management and green urban planning', Urban Forestry and Urban Greening 73: 127609. DOI:10.1016/j.ufug.2022.127609.Jaworski T, Hilszcza?ski J. 2013. The effect of temperature and humidity changes on insects development their impact on forest ecosystems in the expected climate change. For Res Pap 74(4): 345–355 DOI:10,2478/frp–2013–0033 ,
Jaworski C, Thomine E, Rusch A, Lavoir AV, Wang S, Desneux N. 2023. Crop diversification to promote arthropod pest management: A review. Agric Commun. 1: 100004. DOI.10.1016/j.agrcom.2023.100004.
Jones KL, Shegelski VA, Marculis NG, Wijerathna AN, Evenden ML. 2019. 'Factors influencing dispersal by flight in bark beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae): from genes to landscapes'. Can J For Res 49(9): 1024+. DOI:10.1139/cjfr-2018-0304.
Kang K, Cai Y, Yue L, Zhang W. 2022. Effects of Different Nutritional Conditions on the Growth and Reproduction of Nilaparvata lugens (Stål). Front Physiol. 4(12):794721. DOI:10.3389/fphys.2021.794721
Knapp M, Strobl M, Venturo A, Seidl M, Jakubikova L, Tajovský K, Kadlec, T, González, E. 2022. Importance of grassy and forest non-crop habitat islands for overwintering of ground-dwelling arthropods in agricultural landscapes: A multi-taxa approach. Biol Conserv 275: 109757–109757. DOI: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109757
Knuff AK, Staab M, Frey J, Dormann CF, Asbeck T, Klein A. 2020. Insect abundance in managed forests benefits from multi-layered vegetation. Basic Appl Ecol 48: 124-135. DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2020.09.002
Käfer H, Kovac H, Simov N, Battisti A, Erregger B, Schmidt AKD, Stabentheiner A. 2020. Temperature Tolerance and Thermal Environment of European Seed Bugs. Insects 20:11(3):197. DOI: 10.3390/insects11030197. PMID: 32245048
Liebhold AM, Yamanaka T, Roques A, Augustin S, Chown SL, Brockerhoff EG, Pyšek P. 2018. Plant diversity drives global patterns of insect invasions. Sci Rep. 8(1):12095. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30605-4.
Magdoff F, van Es H. 2021. Building Soils for Better Crops: Ecological Management for Healthy Soils. 4th ed. Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education (SARE) Program, USA.
Majeed W, Khawaja M, Rana N. 2021. Assessing fluctuation of ant populations in a distinct ecological habitat to track climate change effects. Biodiversitas 22: 2722–2727
Matheson P, McGaughran A. 2023. How Might Climate Change Affect Adaptive Responses of Polar Arthropods? Diversity 15(1):47. DOI: 10.3390/d15010047
Medeiros HR, Martello F, Almeida EAB, Mengual X, Harper KA, Grandinete YC, Metzger JP, Righi CA, Ribeiro MC. 2019. Landscape structure shapes the diversity of beneficial insects in coffee producing landscapes. Biol Conserv 238 1-12. DOI:10.1016/j.biocon.2019.07.038
Menalled FD, Smith RG, Dauer JT, Fox TB. 2007. Impact of agricultural management on carabid communities and weed seed predation. Agric Ecosyst Environ 118(1–4): 49–54. DOI: 10.1016/j.agee.2006.04.011
Mohammedi A, Ali Arous S, Kerrouzi M. 2019. Entomofaunal diversity and similiarity indices of different agroecosystems in northwest Algeria. J Insect Biodivers Syst 5(2) 143–152 DOI: /10,52547/jibs,5,2,143
Myers JH. Sarfraz RM. 2017. Impacts of Insect Herbivores on Plant Populations. Annu Rev Entomol 62(1): 207-230. DOI. 10.1146/annurev-ento-010715-023826
Ortega M, Matallanas B, Ricarte A, Pascual S. 2023. A complex landscape favours the abundance and species richness of syrphids (Diptera: Syrphidae) in olive groves. Ecol Entomol 1–14. DOI:10.1111/een.13248.
Piñero F S, Tinaut A, Aguirre–Segura A, Miñano J, Lencina J L. 2011. Terrestrial arthropod fauna of arid areas of SE Spain: Diversity biogeography and conservation. J Arid Environ 75: 1321–1332. DOI: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2011.06.014
Peng Y, Gao J, Zhang X. 2022. Plant Diversity Is More Important than Climate Factors in Driving Insect Richness Pattern along a Latitudinal Gradient. Ecologies 3(1):30-37. DOI: 10.3390/ecologies3010004
Prabawati G, Herlinda S, Pujiastuti Y. 2019. The abundance of canopy arthropods in South Sumatra (Indonesia) freshwater swamp main and ratooned rice applied with bioinsecticides and synthetic insecticide. Biodiversitas 20 (10): 2921-2930. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d201021.
Robinson SI, McLaughlin ÓB, Marteinsd´ottir B, O’Gorman EJ. 2018. Soil temperature effects on the structure and diversity of plant and invertebrate communities in a natural warming experiment. J Anim Ecol 87: 634–646. DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.12798
Sattler C, Schrader J, Farkas VM, Settele J, Franzén M. 2018. Pesticide diversity in rice growing areas of Northern Vietnam. Paddy Water Environ. 16:339–352. DOI: 10.1007/s10333-018-0637-z.
Sattler C, Gianuca A.T, Schweiger O, Franzén M, Settele J. 2020. Pesticides and land cover heterogeneity affect functional group and taxonomic diversity of arthropods in rice agroecosystems. Agric Ecosyst Environ 297:106927. DOI: 10.1016/j.agee.2020.106927.
Sintayehu DW. 2018. Impact of climate change on biodiversity and associated key ecosystem services in Africa: a systematic review. Ecosyst Health Sustain 4(9): 225-239, DOI: 10.1080/20964129.2018.1530054
Silva NAP, Frizzas MR, Oliveira CM. 2011. Seasonality in insect abundance in the “Cerrado” of Goiás State Brazil. Rev Bras Entomol 55: 79 – 87. DOI: 10.1590/S0085-56262011000100013
Song X, Ji L, Liu G, Zhang X, Hou X, Gao S, Wang N. 2023. Patterns and Drivers of Aboveground Insect Diversity along Ecological Transect in Temperate Grazed Steppes of Eastern Eurasian. Insects 14(2):191. DOI:10.3390/insects14020191
Tougeron K, Brodeur J, Le Lann C, van Baaren,J. 2020. How climate change affects the seasonal ecology of insect parasitoids. Ecol Entomol 45: 167-181. DOI.10.1111/een.12792
Vanhée B, Devigne C. 2018. Differences in collembola species assemblages (Arthropoda) between spoil tips and surrounding environments are dependent on vegetation development. Sci Rep 8 : 18067 DOI: 10 1038/s41598– 018–36315–1.
Warren R J II , Mathew A, Reed K, Bayba S, Krupp K, Spiering D J. 2019. Myrmica rubra microhabitat selection and putative ecological impact. Ecol Entomol 44: 239–248. DOI: 10.1111/een.12700.
Welti E, Helzer C, Joern A. 2017. Impacts of plant diversity on arthropod communities and plant–herbivore network architecture. Ecosphere 8(10):e01983. DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.1983
Ulyshen MD, Hanula JL. 2009. Litter–dwelling arthropod abundance peaks near coarse woody debris in loblolly pine forests of the southeastern United States. Fla Entomol 92 : 163–164. DOI: 10.1653/024.092.0128.