Short Communication: Habitat preferences of epiphytic orchids and potential pollinators in Sumber Pawon Forest, Kediri District, East Java, Indonesia
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.sidebar##
Issue
Section
Articles
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##
Abstract
Abstract. Putra SRT, Trisnawati I. 2024. Short Communication: Habitat preferences of epiphytic orchids and potential pollinators in Sumber Pawon Forest, Kediri District, East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 2780-2787. Sumber Pawon Forest, a unique and biodiverse ecosystem in Kediri, Indonesia, is home to approximately 30,000 orchids (family Orchidaceae), which can grow terrestrial or as epiphytes. A diversity of different taxa has been recorded as orchid pollinators. The distribution of epiphytic orchids in this forest is determined by habitat preferences including vertical distribution zone and host tree's characteristics. This research, conducted in the captivating Sumber Pawon Forest, aims to determine habitat preferences influencing the abundance of epiphytic orchids and provide a review of potential epiphytic orchid pollinators. The data were collected by systematic sampling method. Analysis of epiphytic orchids' habitat preferences was done using the ordination method. The study found 3 epiphytic orchids and 5 species of host trees, revealing new insights into their distribution. Epiphytic orchids include Cymbidium sp., Dendrobium crumenatum, and Rhynchostylis retusa. The host trees include Alstonia scholaris, Artocarpus elasticus, Bischofia javanica, Ficus elastica, and Samanea saman. Epiphytic orchids were mainly found in zone 4 rather than in zone 5. The characteristics of host trees, which are preferentially selected by epiphytic orchids, include tree height (ranging from 28.65 to 33.65 m), large DBH (ranging from 165.61 to 175.80 m), and closed canopy cover (ranging from 51 to 75%). One of the pollinator taxa (named Hymenoptera) was found to pollinate epiphytic orchid species, adding to our understanding of their ecological interactions.
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##
References
Adhikari YP, Fischer HS, Fischer A. 2012. Host tree utilization by epiphytic orchids in different land-use intensities in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal. Plant Ecology 213: 1393-1412. DOI: 10.1007/s11258-012-0099-0.
Adhikari YP, Hoffmann S, Kunwar RM, Bobrowski M, Jentsch A, Beierkuhnlein C. 2021. Vascular epiphyte diversity and host tree architecture in two forest management types in the Himalaya. Global Ecology and Conservation 27: 1-12. DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01544
Adit A, Koul M, Choudhary AK, Tandon R. 2022. Interaction between Cymbidium aloifolium and Apis cerana: Incidence of an outlier in modular pollination network of oil flowers. Ecology & Evolution 12: 1-1. DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8697.
Agussalim AA, Umami N, Budisatria IGS. 2017. Variasi jenis tanaman pakan lebah madu sumber nektar dan polen berdasarkan ketinggian tempat di Yogyakarta. Buletin Peternakan 41(4): 448-460. DOI: 10.21059/buletinpeternak.v41i4.13593.
Azzahra AK, Yusuf M, Arisoesilaningsih E. 2019. Characteristics of epiphytes host trees in protected area of UB Forest. The 9th International Conference on Global Resource Conservation 1: 1-7. DOI:10.1063/1.5061888.
Behie AM, Teichroeb JA, Malone N. 2019. Primate research and conservation in the anthropocene. Cambridge University Press. DOI: 10.1017/9781316662021.
Benitez A, Prieto M, Aragon G. 2015. Large trees and dense canopies: key factors for maintaining high epiphytic diversity on trunk bases (bryophytes and lichens) in tropical montane forests. Forestry 88: 521-527. DOI: 10.1093/forestry/cpv022.
Buragohain B, Chaturvedi SK, Puro N. 2015. Biotic Pollination in Rhynchostylis retusa (L.) Bl. (Orchidaceae). The International Journal of Plant Reproductive Biology 7(1): 78-83. DOI:10.14787/ijprb.215.7.1.78-83.
Diana R., Andani L. 2020. Keragaman jenis liana pada tutupan kanopi berbeda di Hutan Lindung Wehea, Kalimantan Timur. Jurnal Penelitian Ekosistem Dipterokarpa 6(2): 149-156. DOI: 10.20886/jped.2020.6.2.149-156.
Effendi S, Ariyanti NS, Chikmawati T. 2019. Keanekaragaman dan kelimpahan anggrek epifit di Kaki Gunung Liangpran Kalimantan Timur. Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati 18(3): 255-375. DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v18i3.3709.
Fardhani I, Kisanuki H, Parikesit. 2015. Diversity of orchid species in Mount Sanggarah, West Bandung. International Joint Seminar and Symposium 22: 1-4.
Fardhani I, Torimaru T, Kisanuki H. 2020. The vertical distribution of epiphytic orchids on Schima wallichii trees in a montane forest in West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21(1): 290-298. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210136.
Fauziah R, Priyanti, Aminudin I. 2018. Komposisi dan struktur vegetasi di Resort Gunung Salak 2 Taman Nasional Gunung Halimun Salak (TNGHS). Majalah Ilmiah Biologi Biosfera: A Scientific Journal 35(3): 111-118. DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2018.35.3.516.
Fay, M. 2020. Orchid Conservation News: The Newsletter of the Orchid Species Group of the IUCN Species Survival Commission.
Febriandito PD, Soetopo L. 2019. Eksplorasi keanekaragaman anggrek epifit di kawasan Wilayah III Senduro, Blok Ireng-Ireng, Taman Nasional Bromo Tengger Semeru, Jawa Timur. Plantropica Journal of Agricultural Science 4(1): 68-76. DOI: 10.21776/ub.jpt.2019.004.1.8.
Fitri ASS, Santoso AM. 2013. Ragam Orchidaceae epifit di kawasan Ubalan Kediri dan prospeknya sebagai modal bioekonomi lokal. Seminar Nasional XI Pendidikan Biologi: 365-370.
Gotsch SG, Nadkarni N, Amici, A. 2016. The functional roles of epiphytes and arboreal soils in Tropical Montane Cloud Forests. Journal of Tropical Ecology 1(1): 1-14. DOI: 10.1017/S026646741600033X.
Guan L. 2019. A Naturalist's Guide to the Trees of Southeast Asia. John Beaufoy Publishing.
Handoyo F. 2019. Orchids of Indonesia Volume 2. Primedia eLaunch LLC.
Harjita M. 2021. Kawasan lindung Sumber Pawon sudah bersih dari warung. Kediri, Indonesia. https://bangsaonline.com/berita/85656/kawasan-lindung-sumber-pawon-sudah-bersih-dari-warung.
Hassani NJM. 2018. Tools for measuring tree diameter. Pakistan. https://forestrypedia.com/measuring-tree-diameter/.
Kurniawan FY, Setiaji A, Putri F, Suyoko A, Semiarti, E. 2018. Diversity and conservation strategy of orchids under anthropogenic influence in Taman Wisata Alam Curug Setawing, Yogyakarta. Biodiversitas 4(2): 173-177. DOI: 10.13057/psnmbi/m040213.
Kurniawan FY, Putri F, Suyoko A, Masyhuri H, Sulistianingrum MP, Semiarti E. 2020. The diversity of wild orchids in the southern slope of Mount Merapi, Yogyakarta, Indonesia eight years after the 2010 eruption. Biodiversitas 21(9): 4457-4465. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210964.
Leong TM, Wee YC. 2013. Observations of pollination in the pigeon orchid, Dendrobium crumenatum Swartz (Orchidaceae) in Singapore. Nature in Singapore 6: 91-96.
Mardiatmoko G, Pietersz JH, Boreel A. 2014. Ilmu ukur kayu dan inventarisasi hutan. Badan Penerbit Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Pattimura, Ambon. http://akademik.faperta.unpatti.ac.id/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/INVENTARISASI-HUTAN-01.pdf.
Mawardi RM, Herawati W, Widodo P. 2020. Epiphytic orchid inventory and the host in Bantarbolang Nature Reserve Central Java. BioEksakta: Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed 2(1): 62-66. DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.1.1830.
Nugroho GD, Zhara FA, Romadlon MA. 2019. Keragaman anggrek epifit dan zonasinya pada tumbuhan inang di Wana Wisata Alas Bromo, Karanganyar, Jawa Tengah. In: Prosiding Seminar Nasional Konservasi dan pemanfaatan tumbuhan dan Satwa Liar, pp. 273-280.
Nurfadilah S. 2015. The diversity of epiphytic orchids and the host trees (phorophytes) in the secondary forest of Coban Trisula, Malang Regency, East Java, Indonesia. Biotropia 22(2): 120-128. DOI: 10.11598/btb.2015.22.2.450.
Pal R, Singh DR, Pathak P. 2019. Pollination Biology of Orchids: An unexplored area of research in India. Journal Orchid Soc. India 33: 79-82. https://orchidsocietyindia.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/POLLINATION-BIOLOGY-OF-ORCHIDS.pdf.
Pammai K, Muhdhar MHIA, Rohman F. 2014. Studi keanekaragaman anggrek di Kabupaten Merauke Propinsi Papua. Seminar Nasional XI Pendidikan Biologi: 301-307.
Pemberton RW. 2010. Biotic resource needs of specialist orchid pollinators. Botany Review 76 (2): 275–292. DOI: 10.1007/s12229-010-9047-7.
Prapitasari B, Kurniawan AP. 2021. Characteristics of host trees as habitat for epiphytic orchids in the Cibereum Waterfall path, Mount Gede Pangrango, West Java. Jurnal Biologi Tropis 21(3): 706-719. DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v21i3.2857.
Rahayu EMD, Yusri S. 2022. Habitat preferences of wild orchids in Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park to model their suitable habitat in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23(1): 43-54. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230106.
Rasmussen HN, Rasmussen FN. 2018. The epiphytic habitat on a living host: Reflections on the orchid–tree relationship. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 186: 456-472. DOI: 10.1093/botlinnean/box085.
Ray HA, Gillett-Kaufman JL. 2022. By Land and by tree: Pollinator taxa diversity of terrestrial and epiphytic orchids. Journal of Pollination Ecology 32(16): 174-185. DOI: 10.26786/1920-7603(2022)671.
Reiter N, Whitfield J, Pollard G, Bedggood W, Argall M, Dixon K, Davis B, Swarts N. 2016. Orchid re-introductions: an evaluation of success and ecological considerations using key comparative studies from Australia. Plant Ecology 1: 1-18. DOI: 10.1007/s11258-015-0561-x.
Sadili A. 2019. Struktur sebaran dan tata ruang anggrek epifit (Orchidaceae) di Hutan Pantai Cagar Alam Pulau Sempu Malang, Jawa Timur. Jurnal Ilmu Kehutanan 13 (1): 38-47. DOI: 10.22146/jik.46143.
Setiono EA. 2021. Wisata Alaska Kediri dapat perhatian khusus Dinas Kehutanan Provinsi Jawa Timur. Kediri, Indonesia. https://jatimtimes.com/baca/209647/20200223/161800/wisata-alaska-kediri-dapat-perhatian-khusus-dinas-kehutanan-provinsi-jawa-timur.
Sodjinou KE, Radji RA, Adjonou K, Quashie AM, Adjossou, K, Abotsi KE, Kokou K. 2019. Ecological characterization of epiphytes orchids in the Meridional Zone of Mount Togo. Journal of Horticulture 6(252): 1-7. DOI: 10.4172/2376-0354.1000252.
Soorae PS. 2018. Global reintroduction perspectives: 2018 case studies from around the globe. IUCN/SSC Reintroduction Specialist Group, Gland, Switzerland and Environment Agency, Abu Dhabi, UAE. https://portals.iucn.org/library/node/47668.
Steni B. 2021. Pentingnya integrasi KEE dalam rezim aturan tata ruang. https://www.mongabay.co.id/2021/06/03/pentingnya-integrasi-kee-dalam-rezim-aturan-tata-ruang/.
Sunarno, Prastyo A, Kurnia CD, Sulisyowati E. 2020. Psikologi konservasi berbasis kearifan lokal (Studi kasus di Wisata Alam Alaska Tempurejo). Jurnal Spirits 10(2): 1-21. DOI: 10.30738/spirits.v10i2.8223.
Timsina B, Rokaya MB, Munzbergova Z, Kindlmann P, Shreshta B, Bhattarai B, Raskoti BB. 2016. Diversity, distribution, host-species associations of epiphytic orchids in Nepal. Biodiversity Conservation 25(13): 1-18. DOI: 10.1007/s10531-016-1205-8.
Timsina B, Kindlmann P, Subedi S, Khatri S, Rokaya MB. 2021. Epiphytic orchid diversity along an altitudinal gradient in Central Nepal. Plants 10(1381): 1-12. DOI: 10.3390/plants10071381.
Trimanto, Danarto SA. 2020. Diversity of epiphytic orchids, hoya, dischidia and Phorophytes (host trees) in Bawean Island Nature Reserve and Wildlife Reserve, East Java, Indonesia. Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology 5(2): 78-88. DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.53795.
Wangdi J. 2016. Study on host tree preference and growth zone of epiphytic (Orchidaceae) Cymbidium sp. in Sakteng Geog Under Sakteng Wildlife Sanctuary. [Thesis]. Royal University of Bhutan.
Warseno T, Iryadi R, Putri DMS. 2020. Inventory, distribution, and dispersal pattern of epiphytic Rhododendron at Eka Karya Botanic Gardens Bali. Buletin Kebun Raya 23(1): 59-68. DOI: 10.14203/bkr.v23i1.6.
Wraith J, Pickering C. 2018. Quantifying anthropogenic threats to orchids using the IUCN Red List. Ambio 47(3): 307-317. DOI: 10.1007/s13280-017-0964-0.
Wulanesa WOS. 2017. Eksplorasi dan karakterisasi anggrek epifit di Hutan Coban Trisula Kawasan Taman Nasional Bromo Tengger Semeru. Jurnal Produksi Tanaman 5(1): 125-130. DOI: 10.21176/protan.v5i1.360.
Yang SJ, Sun M, Yang QY, Ma R, Zhang JL, Zhang SB. 2016. Two strategies by epiphytic orchids for maintaining water balance: thick cuticles in leaves and water storage in pseudobulbs. Journal for Plant Sciences 8(46): 1-11. DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plw046.
Yulia ND, Budiharta S. 2011. Epiphytic orchids and host trees diversity at Gunung Manyutan Forest Reserve, Wilis Mountain, Ponorogo, East Java. Biodiversitas 12(1): 22-27. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d120105.
Most read articles by the same author(s)
- INDAH TRISNAWATI, MUKHAMMAD MURYONO, ISKA DESMAWATI, The impact of herbivorous insect on leaves of mangrove species Rhizophora stylosa and its relation to leaf nutrient level , Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity: Vol. 20 No. 5 (2019)