Variability of Catharanthus roseus based on morphological and anatomical characters, and chlorophyll contents
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Abstract. Samiyarsih S, Naipospos N, Palupi D. 2019. Variability of Catharanthus roseus based on morphological and anatomical characters, and chlorophyll contents. Biodiversitas 20: 2986-2993. Catharanthus roseus (L.) is an important medicinal plant of the family Apocynaceae used to treat many of the diseases. C. roseus also possess good antioxidant potential. The purpose of this research was 1) to determine the variability of C. roseus based on the morphological, anatomical characters and chlorophyll contents, 2) to know the differences in morphological, anatomical characteristics and chlorophyll contents of C. roseus found in Banyumas Regency. The research used a survey method, with a purposive sampling technique. Preparation of leaf for anatomical analysis was based on paraffin method. The results showed that C. roseus in Banyumas Regency were grouped into eight varieties. The morphological characters observed consisted of 21 characters, 8 quantitative characters, and 13 qualitative characters. Most of the quantitative morphological and anatomical characters were significantly diverse (p <0.05) except for petiole length, corolla number, stomata width and number of trichomata. The eight varieties of C. roseus have different chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total chlorophyll contents but their anthocyanin contents were not significantly different.
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References
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Samiyarsih S, Juwarno J, Muljowati JS. 2018. The Structural Resistance’s Anatomy of Sweet Potato Leaves to Fungal Pathogen Sphaceloma batatas. Biosaintifika 10 (1): 131-137
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Tanzerina N, Juswardi, Elyza F. 2013. Adaptation Study of Anatomy of Vegetative Organs Neptunia Oleraceae Lour Results of Selection of Line in Phytoremediation of Ammonia Liquid Waste. Prosiding Semirata FMIOA Universitas Lampung. pp 165-174 [Indonesian]
Taiz L, Zieger E. 1998. Plant Physiology. 3rd ed. Sunderland : Sinauer Associates
Zen AR, Widoretno W, Indriyani S. 2016. Water and Chlorophyll Content and Leaf Anatomy of Patchouli Planlet (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) Resulted by Shoot-tip Culture Experience Hyperhydricity after Treatment of Modification Ammonium nitrate or Macro salt Concentration on MS medium (Murashige Skoog). J.Exp. Life Sci. 6(1): 38-44
Adnan, Kurnia N, Saenab S. 2016. Utilization of Catharanthus roseus as a Senior High School and Biology Science Learning Resource. J. Bionature, 17(2): 97-101. [Indonesian]
Ali I, Abbas SQ, Hameed M, Naz S, Zafar S, Kanwal S. 2009. Leaf anatomical adaptations in some exotic species of Eucalyptus l’her. (Myrtaceae). Pak J of Bot 41(6): 2717-2727
Anjum SA, Xie X, Wang L, Saleem MF, Man C, Lei W. 2011. Morphological, physiological and biochemical responses of plants to drought stress. African J Agric Research 6(9): 2026-2032
Chen CM, Wei TY, Yeh DM. 2012. Morphology and Inheritance of Double Floweredness in Catharanthus roseus. Hort. Scie 47(12):1679–1681
Custódio DL, Kolb RM, Faria TJ, Bianchini E. 2013. Pimenta pseudocaryophyllus (Gomes) L.R. Landrum (Myrtaceae): stem and leaf anatomy of a medicinal plant. Semina: Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Londrina. 34(2): 111-124
Dickison W.C. 2000. Integrative Plant Anatomy. Harcout Academic Press. New York.
El-Domyati FME, Ramadan AM, Gadalla NO, Edris S, Shokry AM, Hassan SM, Hassanien SE, Baeshen MN, Hajrah NH, Al-Kordy MA, Abuzinadah QA, Al-Hajar ASM, Akoh CC, Bahieldi A. 2012. Identification of molecular markers for flower characteristics in Catharanthus roseus producing anticancer compounds. Life Science J 9(4): 5949-5960
Gloria RY, Iswari RS. 2015. Analysis of chlorophyll content in six traditional medicinal plants as an alternative food supplement. Proceedings of the IconSSE FSM SWCU, pp BC.9-12
Hameed M, Ashraf M, Naz N, Nawaz T, Batool R, Ahmad MSA, Ahmad F, Hussain M. 2013. Anatomical adaptations of cynodon dactylon (l.) Pers. From the salt range (Pakistan) to salinity stress. Ii. Leaf anatomy. Pak J Bot 45(S1): 133-142
Hamida R, Suhara C. 2013. Inoculation Effect of Cucumber Mosaic Virus (CMV) Against Morphology, Anatomy, and Chlorophyl Levels of Cigar Tobacco Leaves. Buletin Tanaman Tembakau, Serat & Minyak Industri. 5(1): 11-19
Haryanti S. 2010. Effect of Different Shade on Stomata Amount and Stomata Porus Size Zephyranthes rosea Lindl leaves. Buletin Anatomi dan Fisiologi. 18(1): 41-48 [Indonesian]
Jaleel CA, Gopi R, Manivannan P, Panneerselvam. 2008. Soil salinity alters the morphology in Catharanthus roseus and its effects on endogenous mineral constituents. EurAsian J BioSci 2, 18-25.
Jingura RM, Kamusoko R. 2015. Utility of Markers for Determination of Genetic Diversity in Jatropha: A Review. The Open Renewable Energy J 8: 1-6
Maghsoudi K, Maghsoudi moud A. 2008. Analysis of the Effects of Stomatal Frequency and Size on Transpiration and Yield of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Am Eurasian JAgric Environ Sci 3 (6): 865-872.
Masungsong LA, Belarmino MM, Buot JR IE. 2019. Delineation of the selected Cucumis L. species and accessions using leaf architecture characters. Biodiversitas 20(3): 629-635
Miura Yoshiharu, Kazumasa Hirata, Akihito Yamanaka, Norihide Kurano, Kazuhisa Miyamoto. 1987. Production of Indole Alkaloids in Multiple Shoot Culture of Catharanthus roseus (L). G. Don. Department of Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1--6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565, Japan.
Nejat N, Maziah M, Valdiani A, Tan YH, Cahill D, Abiri R. 2015. Ornamental Exterior versus Therapeutic Interior of Madagascar Periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus): The Two Faces of a Versatile Herb. Review Article. The Scienti?c World Journal. 19 pages.
Pandiangan D. 2012. The morphological and anatomical changes on tryptophan-treated callus of Catharanthus roseus. J Biologos 2(1): 45-49.
Pantillu LI, Mantiri FR, Ai NS, Pandiangan D. 2012. Morphological and Anatomical Responses of The Soybean (Glycine max L.) Merill) Sprouts to The Different Light Intensity. J.Biologos. 2(2): 80-87
Pitoyo A, Prameta AA, Marsusi, Suratman, Suranto. 2018. Morphological, anatomical and isozyme variability among taro(Colocasia esculenta) accessions from southeastern part of Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19(5): 1811-1819
Plaizier AC. 1981. “A revision of Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don (Apocynaceae),”Mededelingen Landbouwhogeschool, 81(9): 1-12.
Saadu RO, Abdulrahman AA, Oladele FA. 2009. Stomatal Complex dan Transpiration Rates in Some Tropical Tuber Species. African J Plant Sci 3(5): 107-112
Salisbury FB, Ross CW. 1995. Fisiologi Tumbuhan Jilid 1 Edisi 4. Bandung: ITB Press.
Samiyarsih S, Juwarno J, Muljowati JS. 2018. The Structural Resistance’s Anatomy of Sweet Potato Leaves to Fungal Pathogen Sphaceloma batatas. Biosaintifika 10 (1): 131-137
Shaw RK, Acharya L, Mukherjee AK. 2009. Assessment of genetic diversity in a highly valuable medicinal plant Catharanthus roseus using molecular markers. Crop Breed Appl Biotech 9: 52-59.
Sulistyaningsih, Y.C., Dorly, & Akmal, H. 1994. Anatomical Study of Saccharum spp Leaves. As a Parent in Sugar Cane Breeding. Hayati 1(2): 61-65.
Tanzerina N, Juswardi, Elyza F. 2013. Adaptation Study of Anatomy of Vegetative Organs Neptunia Oleraceae Lour Results of Selection of Line in Phytoremediation of Ammonia Liquid Waste. Prosiding Semirata FMIOA Universitas Lampung. pp 165-174 [Indonesian]
Taiz L, Zieger E. 1998. Plant Physiology. 3rd ed. Sunderland : Sinauer Associates
Zen AR, Widoretno W, Indriyani S. 2016. Water and Chlorophyll Content and Leaf Anatomy of Patchouli Planlet (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) Resulted by Shoot-tip Culture Experience Hyperhydricity after Treatment of Modification Ammonium nitrate or Macro salt Concentration on MS medium (Murashige Skoog). J.Exp. Life Sci. 6(1): 38-44
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