Potential of culture filtrate from Trichoderma spp. as biofungicide to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides causing anthracnose disease in chili
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Abstract. Nurbailis, Djamaan A, Rahma H, Liswarni Y. 2019. Potential of culture filtrate from Trichoderma spp. as biofungicide to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides causing anthracnose disease in chili. Biodiversitas 20: 2915-2920. Trichoderma spp. have the potential to be used for controlling the airborne pathogenic fungi such as C. gloeosporioides. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antifungal activity of the culture filtrate of five isolates of Trichoderma spp. (T. harzianum, T. viride, T. koningii, Trichoderma PP2, Trichoderma PP3) against C. gloeosporoides causing anthracnose disease in chili. Culture filtrate of Trichoderma spp. was produced from single culture and dual culture techniques. The design was a Completely Randomized Design with six treatments and four replications. The treatments were culture filtrate from T. harzianum, T. viride, T. koningii, Trichoderma PP2, Trichoderma PP3, and negative control (without culture filtrate from Trichoderma spp.). Parameters observed were: the diameter of the colony, colony coverage, conidial germination, and conidial density. The results of this research showed all the culture filtrate from Trichoderma spp. produced by single and dual culture techniques can inhibit the growth of C. gloeosporioides. The culture filtrate from Trichoderma PP2 and T. koningii were the most potential in inhibiting the growth, conidial density, and conidial germination of C. gloeosporioides.
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References
REFERENCES
Daniel FCH, Wilfredo FF, Fransisco RC, Gabriel MG, Epitanio ADC. 2014. Antibiosis In vitro of Trichoderma strains metabolic extract on mycelial growth and reproductive capacity of Fusarium oxysporum isolated from Pepper plants (Capsicum annuum L). British Biotehnology Journal 4 (4): 387-399.
Diao YZ, Zhang C, Liu F, Wang WZ, Liu L, Chai L, Liu XL. 2017. Colletotrichum species causing Anthracnose disease of Chili in China. Personia (38): 20-37.
Dubey SC, Tripathi A, Durejo P, Grover A. 2011. Characterization of Secondary matabolite and enzyme produced by Trichoderma species and their efficacy againts plant pathogenic fungi. Indian Journal of Acriculture Science 81 (5):455-461.
Druzhinina IS., Kopchinsky AG., Kubicek CP. 2006. The first 100 Trichoderma species characterized by molecular data. Mycoscience 47 (2): 55-64.
Harman GE, Howell CR, Viterbo A, Chet I, Lorito M. 2004. Trichoderma species-opportunistic, avirulent plant symbionts. Nature Review Microbiology 2: 43–56.
Howell CR, 2003. Mechanisms employed by Trichoderma species in the biological control of plant diseases: the history and evolution of current concepts. Plant Disease. 87: 4-10.
Junianto YD, Sukamto S. 1995. Effect of temperature and humidity relative to germination, growth and sporulation of several isolates of Beauveria bassiana.Pelita Perkebunan 11 (2).64-75.
Kumar V, Shahid M, Srivastava M, Pandey S, Singh A, Sharma A. 2014. Role of secondary metabolite produced by commersial Trichoderma Species and their effect against soil borne pathogens. Biosens journal (1) 3: 2-5.
Leelavathy MS, Vani L, Reena P. 2014. Antimicrobial activity of Trichoderma harzianum against bacteria and fungi. Internasional journal of current microbiology and applied sciens (3) 1: 96-103.
Meena, M., Swapnil, P., Zehra, A., Dubey, M.H. and Upadhiyay, R. S. 2017. Antagonistic assesment of Trichoderma spp. by producing volatile and non volatile compounds against different fungal pathogens. Journal Archives of Phytopathology and Palnt Protection Vol. 50 : Issue 13 -14.
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/03235408.2017.13573
Mutawila C, Vinale F, Halleen F. Lorito M, L. Mostert. 2016. Isolation, production and in vitro effects of the major secondary metabolite produced by Trichoderma speciesused for the control of grapevine trunk diseases. Plant Pathology (65) : 104 - 113
Nurbailis, Mardinus, Nasril, N. Dharma, A. 2006. Screening of Trichoderma Isolates from rhizosphere of banana plants in West Sumatra to control Fusarium wilt disease. Akta Agrosia Journal(9) 1: 49-55.
Nurbailis, Martinius, Azniza V. 2014. Fungi diversity in chilli Rizosphere Organic and conventional systems and their potential as biological control agents of Colletotrichum gloeosporoides. J. HPT Tropika (14) 1: 16-24.
Robert PD, Pernezny KL, Kucharek TA. 2015. Antracnose on Pepper in Florida.UF/IFAS Extension University of California.pp-178.
Roberts PD, Pernezny KL, Kucharek TA. 2008. Antracnose caused by Colletotrichum sp on Pepper. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/PP104.
Samuel GJ. 1996. Trichoderma: a review of biology and systematic of the genus. Mycol.Res 100 (8): 923-935
Sharma M, Kulshrestha S. 2015. Colletotrichum gloeosporoides: An Anthracnose causing pathogen of fruit and vegetable. Biosciences Biotehnology Research Asia (12) 2: 1-15.
Vinale F, Marra R, Scala F, Ghisalberti EL, Lorito M, Sivasithamparam K. 2006. Major secondary metabolites produced by two commercial Trichoderma strains active against different phytopathogens. Lett App Microbiol 2006 43: 143-8.
Vinale FK, Sivasithamparam LE, Ghisalberti R. Marra LS and Lorito M, 2008. Trichoderma-plant-pathogen interactions. Soil. Biol. Biochem. 40: 1-10.
Vinale F, Ghisalberti EL, Sivasithamparam K, Marra R, Ritieni A, Ferracane R, Lorito M. 2009. Factors affecting the production of Trichoderma harzianum secondary metabolites during the interaction with different plant pathogens. Letters in Applied Microbiology 48 : 705-711.
Vinale F, Sivasithamparam K, Ghisalberti EL, Woo SL, Nigro M, Marra R, Lombardi N, Pascale A, Roucco M, Lanzuise S, Manganiello G, Lorito M. 2014. Trichoderma secondary metabolites active on plants and fungal pathogens. Open Mycology Journal, 8, (Suppl-1, M5) 127-139.
Woo SL, Scala F, Ruocco M, Lorito M. (2006). Themolecular biology of the interactions between Trichoderma spp., phytopathogenic fungi and plants. Phytopathology 96: 181-185.
Wu Q, Sun R, Ni M, Yu J, Li Y, Yu C, Dou K, Ren J, Chen J. 2017. Identification of a novel fungus,
Trichoderma asperellum GDFS1009, and comprehensive evaluation of its biocontrol efficacy. PloS ONE 12(6): e0179957. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0179957
Daniel FCH, Wilfredo FF, Fransisco RC, Gabriel MG, Epitanio ADC. 2014. Antibiosis In vitro of Trichoderma strains metabolic extract on mycelial growth and reproductive capacity of Fusarium oxysporum isolated from Pepper plants (Capsicum annuum L). British Biotehnology Journal 4 (4): 387-399.
Diao YZ, Zhang C, Liu F, Wang WZ, Liu L, Chai L, Liu XL. 2017. Colletotrichum species causing Anthracnose disease of Chili in China. Personia (38): 20-37.
Dubey SC, Tripathi A, Durejo P, Grover A. 2011. Characterization of Secondary matabolite and enzyme produced by Trichoderma species and their efficacy againts plant pathogenic fungi. Indian Journal of Acriculture Science 81 (5):455-461.
Druzhinina IS., Kopchinsky AG., Kubicek CP. 2006. The first 100 Trichoderma species characterized by molecular data. Mycoscience 47 (2): 55-64.
Harman GE, Howell CR, Viterbo A, Chet I, Lorito M. 2004. Trichoderma species-opportunistic, avirulent plant symbionts. Nature Review Microbiology 2: 43–56.
Howell CR, 2003. Mechanisms employed by Trichoderma species in the biological control of plant diseases: the history and evolution of current concepts. Plant Disease. 87: 4-10.
Junianto YD, Sukamto S. 1995. Effect of temperature and humidity relative to germination, growth and sporulation of several isolates of Beauveria bassiana.Pelita Perkebunan 11 (2).64-75.
Kumar V, Shahid M, Srivastava M, Pandey S, Singh A, Sharma A. 2014. Role of secondary metabolite produced by commersial Trichoderma Species and their effect against soil borne pathogens. Biosens journal (1) 3: 2-5.
Leelavathy MS, Vani L, Reena P. 2014. Antimicrobial activity of Trichoderma harzianum against bacteria and fungi. Internasional journal of current microbiology and applied sciens (3) 1: 96-103.
Meena, M., Swapnil, P., Zehra, A., Dubey, M.H. and Upadhiyay, R. S. 2017. Antagonistic assesment of Trichoderma spp. by producing volatile and non volatile compounds against different fungal pathogens. Journal Archives of Phytopathology and Palnt Protection Vol. 50 : Issue 13 -14.
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/03235408.2017.13573
Mutawila C, Vinale F, Halleen F. Lorito M, L. Mostert. 2016. Isolation, production and in vitro effects of the major secondary metabolite produced by Trichoderma speciesused for the control of grapevine trunk diseases. Plant Pathology (65) : 104 - 113
Nurbailis, Mardinus, Nasril, N. Dharma, A. 2006. Screening of Trichoderma Isolates from rhizosphere of banana plants in West Sumatra to control Fusarium wilt disease. Akta Agrosia Journal(9) 1: 49-55.
Nurbailis, Martinius, Azniza V. 2014. Fungi diversity in chilli Rizosphere Organic and conventional systems and their potential as biological control agents of Colletotrichum gloeosporoides. J. HPT Tropika (14) 1: 16-24.
Robert PD, Pernezny KL, Kucharek TA. 2015. Antracnose on Pepper in Florida.UF/IFAS Extension University of California.pp-178.
Roberts PD, Pernezny KL, Kucharek TA. 2008. Antracnose caused by Colletotrichum sp on Pepper. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/PP104.
Samuel GJ. 1996. Trichoderma: a review of biology and systematic of the genus. Mycol.Res 100 (8): 923-935
Sharma M, Kulshrestha S. 2015. Colletotrichum gloeosporoides: An Anthracnose causing pathogen of fruit and vegetable. Biosciences Biotehnology Research Asia (12) 2: 1-15.
Vinale F, Marra R, Scala F, Ghisalberti EL, Lorito M, Sivasithamparam K. 2006. Major secondary metabolites produced by two commercial Trichoderma strains active against different phytopathogens. Lett App Microbiol 2006 43: 143-8.
Vinale FK, Sivasithamparam LE, Ghisalberti R. Marra LS and Lorito M, 2008. Trichoderma-plant-pathogen interactions. Soil. Biol. Biochem. 40: 1-10.
Vinale F, Ghisalberti EL, Sivasithamparam K, Marra R, Ritieni A, Ferracane R, Lorito M. 2009. Factors affecting the production of Trichoderma harzianum secondary metabolites during the interaction with different plant pathogens. Letters in Applied Microbiology 48 : 705-711.
Vinale F, Sivasithamparam K, Ghisalberti EL, Woo SL, Nigro M, Marra R, Lombardi N, Pascale A, Roucco M, Lanzuise S, Manganiello G, Lorito M. 2014. Trichoderma secondary metabolites active on plants and fungal pathogens. Open Mycology Journal, 8, (Suppl-1, M5) 127-139.
Woo SL, Scala F, Ruocco M, Lorito M. (2006). Themolecular biology of the interactions between Trichoderma spp., phytopathogenic fungi and plants. Phytopathology 96: 181-185.
Wu Q, Sun R, Ni M, Yu J, Li Y, Yu C, Dou K, Ren J, Chen J. 2017. Identification of a novel fungus,
Trichoderma asperellum GDFS1009, and comprehensive evaluation of its biocontrol efficacy. PloS ONE 12(6): e0179957. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0179957
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