Nutritional values of swamp grasses as feed for Pampangan Buffaloes in South Sumatra, Indonesia
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Abstract. Muhakka, Suwignyo RA, Budianta D, Yakup. 2020. Nutritional values of swamp grasses as feed for Pampangan Buffaloes in South Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 953-961. This study was aimed at determining the types and quality of vegetation in the swamp area, which could be used as sources of roughage for Pampangan buffaloes in South Sumatra. In this descriptive study, Results showed that the highest crude protein and ether extract contents, 20.56 and 2.92%, respectively, were found in (Neptunia oleracea). The highest ash content of 25.19% was found in Cyperus digitatus. The lowest fiber content (11.01%) was found in Ludwigia hyssopifolia, which also had the lowest content of Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF) (40.64%). Hemicellulose content was found to be highest (37.14%) in Leersia hexandra. The lowest ADF (23.66%) and lignin (14,84%) contents were found in Nymphaea lotus. N. oleracea was found to have the lowest content (27.08%) of cellulose. It was concluded that the swamp vegetation found in this study consisted of 17 species of grasses and herbs (89.47%) and two species of legumes (10.53%). C. digitatus and L. hyssopifolia were found to have the best nutritional values. Dominant and palatable vegetation with good nutritional values, which were potential to be used as sources of roughage for Pampangan buffaloes, were Hymenachne acutigluma, Oryza rufipogon, Hymenachne amplexicaulis, Polygonum barbatum, and Eleocharis dulcis.
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References
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Alam MR, Haque MM, Sumi KR, Ali MM. 2015. Proximate composition of para-grass (Brachiaria mutica) produced in integrated fish-fodder culture system. Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 44 (2): 113-119.
Ali AIM, Sandi S, Muhakka, Riswandi. 2012. Kualitas hijauan pakan di rawa lebak padang penggembalaan kerbau pampangan. Prosiding InSINAS 2012. 307-312.
Anitha KC, Rajeshwari YB, Prasanna SB, Shree JS. 2016. Nutritive evaluation of azolla as livestock. Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences. 4(6): 670-674.
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Araica BM, Sporndly E, Sanchez NR, Norell L, Sporndly R. 2009. Silage quality when Moringa oleifera is ensiled in mixtures with elephant grass, sugar cane and molasses. Grass and Forage Science. 64: 364-373.
Archimede H, Gonzales-Garcia E, Despois P, Etienne T, Alexandre G. 2010. Subtitution of corn and soybean with green banana fruits and Gliricidia sepium forage in sheep fed hay-based diets: effects on intake, digestion and growth. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition. 94 (2010): 118-128.
Brazle FK, Kilgore GI, Fauzett MR. 2000. Effect of season on grazing native-grass pastures. The Profesional Animal Scientist. 16: 15-28.
BPS (Badan Pusat Statistik). 2010. Direktorat Jendral Tanaman Pangan. Luas lahan rawa di Indonesia. Departemen Pertanian. Jakarta.
BPS (Badan Pusat Statistik) Provinsi Sumatera Selatan. 2014. Sumatera Selatan dalam Angka 2014.
Church DC, Pond WG. 1986. Digestive Animal Physiologi and Nutrition. 2nd. Prentice Hell a Devision of Simon and Schuster Englewood Clief, New York.
Dahlan I, Iskandar MNZ. 2013. Use of plantain peels (Musa paradisiaca) as a fibrous feed substitute for napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum) in rusa deer (Cervus timorensis ratio under captivity. J. Anim. Sci. 3 (9): 472-480.
Damry. 2009. Produksi dan kandungan nutrisi hijauan padang penggembalaan alam di Kecamatan Lore Utara Kabupaten Poso. Jurnal Agroland. 16 (4): 296-300.
Eoh M. 2014. Kapasitas tampung dan komposisi zat-zat makanan padang penggembalaan ternak kerabau di Pulau Moa. Agrinimal. 4 (2): 77-82.
Gutteridge RC, Shelton HM. 1994. The Role of Forage Tree Legumes in Cropping and Grazing System. The Tropical Grassland Society of Australia Inc.
Hossain MdE, Sikder H, Kabir MdH, Sarma SM. 2015. Nutritive value of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes). Online Journal of Animal and Feed Research. 5 (2): 40-44.
Kathirvelan C, Banupriya S, Purushothaman MR. 2015. Azolla-an alternate and su tainable feed for livestock. International Journal of Science Environment. 4 (4): 1153-1157.
Kleden MM, Ratu MRD, Randu MDS. 2015. Kapasitas tampung hijauan pakan dalam areal perkebunan kopi dan padang rumput alam di Kabupaten Flores Timur Nusa Tenggara Timur. Jurnal Zootek 35 (2): 340-350.
Mako AA, Akinwande VO, Anurudu NF, Ogunwole OA. 2016. Evaluation of nutritive value of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) and guinea grass (Panicum maximum) mixture as animal feed in the tropics. 2016. Bull. Anim. Hith. Prod. Afr. (64): 463-473.
Manu AE. 2013. Produktivitas padang penggembalaan sabana Timor Barat. Jurnal Pastura. 3 (1): 25-29.
Maswada HF, Elzaawely AA. 2013. Nutritive value of Stipagrostis lanata (Forssk.) de winder as a feed for livestock. Asian Journal of Crop Sciences. 5 (2): 216-221.
Muhakka, Suwignyo RA, Budianta D dan Yakup. 2019. Vegetation analysis of no-tidal swampland in South Sumatra, Indonesia and its carrying capacity for Pampangan buffalo pasture. Journal Biodiversitas. 20 (4): 1077-1086.
Muhakka, Wijaya A, Ammar M. 2015. Nutritional dried matter, crude protein and crude fiber on lowland tidal grass fermented by probiotic microorganisms for use bali cattle feed. Journal Animal Production. 17 (1): 24-29.
Muhajirin, Despal, Khalil. 2017. Pemenuhan kebutuhan nutrien sapi potong bibit yang digembalakan di Padang Mengatas. Buletin Makanan Ternak.104 (1): 9-20.
Mulyani A, Sarwani M. 2013. Karakteristik dan potensi lahan sub optimal untuk pengembangan pertanian di Indonesia. Jurnal Sumber daya Lahan. 7 (1): 47-55.
Nampoothiri VM. 2017. Aquatic plants and marine waste as animal feed. Sch.J. Agric.Vet. Sci. 4 (6): 249-254.
Norman HC, Master DG, Barrentt-Lennard EG. 2013. Halophytes as forage in saline landscapes: Interaction between plant genotipe and environment change their feeding value to ruminants. Environmental and Experimental Botany. 92 (2013): 96-109.
NRC. 1988. Nutrition Reguirement of Beef Cattle. 6th. Rev. Ed. National.
Nuhuyanan LE. 2010. Pengaruh pemberian wafer rumput gajah dengan perekat fermented moter liquor (FML) dan tetes (molasses) terhadap konsumsi pakan, kecernaan zat-zat makanan dan kenaikan berat badan sapi bali jantan. Jurnal Ilmu Peternakan. 5 (2): 111-117.
Prawirokusumo S. 1994. Ilmu Gizi Komperatif. BPFE., Yogyakarta.
Rahman MM, Abdullah RB, Wan Khadijah WE, Nakagawa T, Akashi R. 2014. Feed intake and growth performance of goats affered napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum) supplemented with concentrate pellet and soya waste. Sain Malaysiana. 43 (7): 967-971.
Richmond AS, Wylie ARG, Laidlaw AS, Lively FO. 2015. Methane emissions from beef cattle grazing on semi-natural upland and improved lowland grasslands. Animal. 9 (1): 130-137.
Rostini T, Abdullah L, Wiryawan KG, Karti PDMH. (2014). Production and nutrition potency of swamp local forage in South Kalimantan as ruminant feed. Glob. J. Anim. Sci. Livestock Prod. Anim. Breed. 2 (2):107-113.
Santoso dan Hariadi BTj. 2008. Komposisi kimia, degradasi nutrien dan produksi gas metana in vitro rumput tropika yang diawetkan dengan metode silase dan hay. Media Peternakan 31(2): 128-137.
Se’u VE, Karti PDMH, Abdullah L. 2015. Botanical composition, grass production, and carrying capacity of pasture in Timor Tengah Selatan District. Journal Media Peternakan 38(3):176-182.
Statistik Peternakan Sumatera Selatan. 2014. Dinas Peternakan Provinsi Sumatera Selatan Tahun Anggaran 2015.hal:14.
Sutardi T, Pratiwi SH, Adnan A, Nuraini S. 1980. Peningkatan pemanfaatan jerami padi melalui hidrolisa basa, suplementasi urea dan belarang. Bull. Makanan Ternak. 6 Bogor.
Tham HoT. 2015. Utilisation of water hyacinth as animal feed. Nova Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences. 4 (1): 1-6.
Tham HoT, Uden P. 2015. Effect of fresh water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) on intake and digestibility in cattle fed rice straw and molasses-urea cake. Nova Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences. 4(1): 1-8.
Tjondronegoro AD, Gunawan A. 2000. Beberapa jenis gulma di lahan pasang surut pada tingkat kemasaman tanah yang berbeda. Prosiding Seminar Nasional. P. 247-254.
Van Soest PJ. 1982. Nutritional Ecology of the Ruminant: Ruminant Metabolism, Nutritional Stategies the Cellulolytic Fermentation and the Camisthy of Forages and Palm Fiber. Cornell University O & B Books Inc. USA.
Varga GA, Hoover WH. 1983. Rate and extent of NDF of feedstuff in-situ. J. Dairy. Sci. 66:2109.
Alam MR, Haque MM, Sumi KR, Ali MM. 2015. Proximate composition of para-grass (Brachiaria mutica) produced in integrated fish-fodder culture system. Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 44 (2): 113-119.
Ali AIM, Sandi S, Muhakka, Riswandi. 2012. Kualitas hijauan pakan di rawa lebak padang penggembalaan kerbau pampangan. Prosiding InSINAS 2012. 307-312.
Anitha KC, Rajeshwari YB, Prasanna SB, Shree JS. 2016. Nutritive evaluation of azolla as livestock. Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences. 4(6): 670-674.
AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemists). 1990. Official Methods of Analysis. 15th ed., Washington, DC.
Araica BM, Sporndly E, Sanchez NR, Norell L, Sporndly R. 2009. Silage quality when Moringa oleifera is ensiled in mixtures with elephant grass, sugar cane and molasses. Grass and Forage Science. 64: 364-373.
Archimede H, Gonzales-Garcia E, Despois P, Etienne T, Alexandre G. 2010. Subtitution of corn and soybean with green banana fruits and Gliricidia sepium forage in sheep fed hay-based diets: effects on intake, digestion and growth. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition. 94 (2010): 118-128.
Brazle FK, Kilgore GI, Fauzett MR. 2000. Effect of season on grazing native-grass pastures. The Profesional Animal Scientist. 16: 15-28.
BPS (Badan Pusat Statistik). 2010. Direktorat Jendral Tanaman Pangan. Luas lahan rawa di Indonesia. Departemen Pertanian. Jakarta.
BPS (Badan Pusat Statistik) Provinsi Sumatera Selatan. 2014. Sumatera Selatan dalam Angka 2014.
Church DC, Pond WG. 1986. Digestive Animal Physiologi and Nutrition. 2nd. Prentice Hell a Devision of Simon and Schuster Englewood Clief, New York.
Dahlan I, Iskandar MNZ. 2013. Use of plantain peels (Musa paradisiaca) as a fibrous feed substitute for napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum) in rusa deer (Cervus timorensis ratio under captivity. J. Anim. Sci. 3 (9): 472-480.
Damry. 2009. Produksi dan kandungan nutrisi hijauan padang penggembalaan alam di Kecamatan Lore Utara Kabupaten Poso. Jurnal Agroland. 16 (4): 296-300.
Eoh M. 2014. Kapasitas tampung dan komposisi zat-zat makanan padang penggembalaan ternak kerabau di Pulau Moa. Agrinimal. 4 (2): 77-82.
Gutteridge RC, Shelton HM. 1994. The Role of Forage Tree Legumes in Cropping and Grazing System. The Tropical Grassland Society of Australia Inc.
Hossain MdE, Sikder H, Kabir MdH, Sarma SM. 2015. Nutritive value of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes). Online Journal of Animal and Feed Research. 5 (2): 40-44.
Kathirvelan C, Banupriya S, Purushothaman MR. 2015. Azolla-an alternate and su tainable feed for livestock. International Journal of Science Environment. 4 (4): 1153-1157.
Kleden MM, Ratu MRD, Randu MDS. 2015. Kapasitas tampung hijauan pakan dalam areal perkebunan kopi dan padang rumput alam di Kabupaten Flores Timur Nusa Tenggara Timur. Jurnal Zootek 35 (2): 340-350.
Mako AA, Akinwande VO, Anurudu NF, Ogunwole OA. 2016. Evaluation of nutritive value of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) and guinea grass (Panicum maximum) mixture as animal feed in the tropics. 2016. Bull. Anim. Hith. Prod. Afr. (64): 463-473.
Manu AE. 2013. Produktivitas padang penggembalaan sabana Timor Barat. Jurnal Pastura. 3 (1): 25-29.
Maswada HF, Elzaawely AA. 2013. Nutritive value of Stipagrostis lanata (Forssk.) de winder as a feed for livestock. Asian Journal of Crop Sciences. 5 (2): 216-221.
Muhakka, Suwignyo RA, Budianta D dan Yakup. 2019. Vegetation analysis of no-tidal swampland in South Sumatra, Indonesia and its carrying capacity for Pampangan buffalo pasture. Journal Biodiversitas. 20 (4): 1077-1086.
Muhakka, Wijaya A, Ammar M. 2015. Nutritional dried matter, crude protein and crude fiber on lowland tidal grass fermented by probiotic microorganisms for use bali cattle feed. Journal Animal Production. 17 (1): 24-29.
Muhajirin, Despal, Khalil. 2017. Pemenuhan kebutuhan nutrien sapi potong bibit yang digembalakan di Padang Mengatas. Buletin Makanan Ternak.104 (1): 9-20.
Mulyani A, Sarwani M. 2013. Karakteristik dan potensi lahan sub optimal untuk pengembangan pertanian di Indonesia. Jurnal Sumber daya Lahan. 7 (1): 47-55.
Nampoothiri VM. 2017. Aquatic plants and marine waste as animal feed. Sch.J. Agric.Vet. Sci. 4 (6): 249-254.
Norman HC, Master DG, Barrentt-Lennard EG. 2013. Halophytes as forage in saline landscapes: Interaction between plant genotipe and environment change their feeding value to ruminants. Environmental and Experimental Botany. 92 (2013): 96-109.
NRC. 1988. Nutrition Reguirement of Beef Cattle. 6th. Rev. Ed. National.
Nuhuyanan LE. 2010. Pengaruh pemberian wafer rumput gajah dengan perekat fermented moter liquor (FML) dan tetes (molasses) terhadap konsumsi pakan, kecernaan zat-zat makanan dan kenaikan berat badan sapi bali jantan. Jurnal Ilmu Peternakan. 5 (2): 111-117.
Prawirokusumo S. 1994. Ilmu Gizi Komperatif. BPFE., Yogyakarta.
Rahman MM, Abdullah RB, Wan Khadijah WE, Nakagawa T, Akashi R. 2014. Feed intake and growth performance of goats affered napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum) supplemented with concentrate pellet and soya waste. Sain Malaysiana. 43 (7): 967-971.
Richmond AS, Wylie ARG, Laidlaw AS, Lively FO. 2015. Methane emissions from beef cattle grazing on semi-natural upland and improved lowland grasslands. Animal. 9 (1): 130-137.
Rostini T, Abdullah L, Wiryawan KG, Karti PDMH. (2014). Production and nutrition potency of swamp local forage in South Kalimantan as ruminant feed. Glob. J. Anim. Sci. Livestock Prod. Anim. Breed. 2 (2):107-113.
Santoso dan Hariadi BTj. 2008. Komposisi kimia, degradasi nutrien dan produksi gas metana in vitro rumput tropika yang diawetkan dengan metode silase dan hay. Media Peternakan 31(2): 128-137.
Se’u VE, Karti PDMH, Abdullah L. 2015. Botanical composition, grass production, and carrying capacity of pasture in Timor Tengah Selatan District. Journal Media Peternakan 38(3):176-182.
Statistik Peternakan Sumatera Selatan. 2014. Dinas Peternakan Provinsi Sumatera Selatan Tahun Anggaran 2015.hal:14.
Sutardi T, Pratiwi SH, Adnan A, Nuraini S. 1980. Peningkatan pemanfaatan jerami padi melalui hidrolisa basa, suplementasi urea dan belarang. Bull. Makanan Ternak. 6 Bogor.
Tham HoT. 2015. Utilisation of water hyacinth as animal feed. Nova Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences. 4 (1): 1-6.
Tham HoT, Uden P. 2015. Effect of fresh water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) on intake and digestibility in cattle fed rice straw and molasses-urea cake. Nova Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences. 4(1): 1-8.
Tjondronegoro AD, Gunawan A. 2000. Beberapa jenis gulma di lahan pasang surut pada tingkat kemasaman tanah yang berbeda. Prosiding Seminar Nasional. P. 247-254.
Van Soest PJ. 1982. Nutritional Ecology of the Ruminant: Ruminant Metabolism, Nutritional Stategies the Cellulolytic Fermentation and the Camisthy of Forages and Palm Fiber. Cornell University O & B Books Inc. USA.
Varga GA, Hoover WH. 1983. Rate and extent of NDF of feedstuff in-situ. J. Dairy. Sci. 66:2109.