Analysis of suitability and carrying capacity of mangrove ecosystem for ecotourism in Lembar Village, West Lombok District, Indonesia
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Abstract. Sukuryadi, Harahab N, Primyastanto M, Semedi B. 2020. Analysis of suitability and carrying capacity of mangrove ecosystem for ecotourism in Lembar Village, West Lombok District, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 596-604. Mangrove ecosystems in Lembar Village, West Lombok District, Indonesia has high ecological role and economic potentials, and have been as a pilot area for mangrove conservation and rehabilitation activities. In 2015 the area was developed into a mangrove ecotourism area as a form of utilization to obtain ecological and economic sustainability for the local community. The purpose of this study was to determine the suitability and carrying capacity of the mangroves area for the development of mangrove ecotourism. Data collection was conducted using field surveys and direct observation. Data collected were then analyzed to calculate ecotourism suitability index and carrying capacity of the area. The results of data analysis showed that mangrove ecosystem area in Lembar Village is categorized as suitable to be developed as mangrove ecotourism at three stations with value of ecotourism suitability index of 77.78%, while at two stations are categorized conditionally suitable with ecotourism suitability index of 42.22%. Carrying capacity of the area is 2337 people/day with tourist attractions consisting of mangrove tracking (33 people/day), fishing (137 people/day), picnic (1620 people/day), camping ground (542 people/day) and bird watching (6 people/day). Utilization of area based on suitability and carrying capacity is needed to maintain the sustainability of mangrove ecosystems and the economy of coastal communities.
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References
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Santos LCM, Matos HR, Novelli YS, Lignon MC, Bitencourt MD, Koedam N. 2014. Anthropogenic activities on mangrove areas (Sao Francisco river estuary, Brazil northeast): a gis-based analysis of cbers and spot images to aid in local management. J Ocean & Coastal Management 89: 39-50.
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Sihotang PS, Yunasfi, Rangkuti AM. 2014. Kajian Kesesuaian Ekowisata Mangrove di Pantai Bali Desa Mesjid Lama Kecamatan Talawi Kabupaten Batu Bara Provinsi Sumatera Utara. [Jurnal]. Jurnal Aquacoastmarine Vol. 4 (3). [Indonesian]
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Tuwo A. 2011. Pengelolaan Ekowisata Pesisir dan Laut. Sidoarjo (ID): Brillian Internasional. [Indonesian]
Wardhani DPJ, Bambang S, Boedi H. 2016. Partisipasi Masyarakat Dalam Pengelolaan Obyek Wisata Alam Pantai Suwuk Kabupaten Kebumen Jawa Tengah. DIPONEGORO Journal Of Maquares Management Of Aquatic Resources. Volume 5, Nomor 1, Tahun 2016, Halaman 91-100. [Indonesian]
Yulianda F. 2007. Ekowisata bahari sebagai alternatif pemanfaatan sumber daya pesisir berbasis konservasi. Makalah Seminar Sains 21 Februari 2007. Bogor (ID): Departemen Manajemen Sumberdaya Perairan. FPIK. [Indonesian]
Yulianda F, Fahrudin A, Hutabarat AA, Harteti S, Kusharjani, Kang HS. 2010. Pengelolaan Pesisir dan Laut Secara Terpadu (Integrated Coastal and Marine Management). Bogor (ID): Pusdiklat KehutananDepartemen Kehutanan Ri, Secem– Korea International Cooperation Agency. [Indonesian]
Bengen DG. 2002. Ekosistem dan sumberdaya alam pesisir dan laut serta prinsip pengelolaannya. Bogor: Pusat Kajian Sumberdaya Pesisir dan Lautan, IPB. [Indonesian]
Bengen DG, Retraubun SW Alex, Saad S. 2012. Menguak Realitas dan Urgensi Pengelolaan Berbasis Eko-Sosio Sistem Pulau-Pulau Kecil. Bogor (ID): Pusat Pembelajaran dan Pengembangan Pesisir dan Laut (P4L). [Indonesian]
Bjork P. 2000. Ecotourism From A Conceptual Perspective, An Extended Defenition of A Unique Tourism Form. International Journal of Tourism Research., 2, 189-202
Burhanuddin AI. 2011. The Sleeping Giant: Potensi dan Permasalahan Kelautan. Surabaya: Brillian International. [Indonesian]
Clark, JR. 1996. Coastal zone management. Handbook. CRS Press. Lewis Publishers. Florida. 694 p.
Dinas Kelautan dan Perikanan (DKP) Lombok Barat. 2016. Penyusunan Rencana Zonasi Wilayah Pesisir dan Pulau-Pulau Kecil (RZWP3K). [Indonesian]
Douglass RW. 2016. Forest Recreation. New York (US): Pergamon Press Inc.
Hadinoto, Mulyadi A, Siregar YI. 2012. Keanekaragaman jenis burung di hutan kota Pekanbaru. Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan. 6(1):25-42. [Indonesian]
Harahap N, Harsuko R, Soemarno and Nuhfil H. 2018. Economic Value of Mangrove Ecosystem as Base of Coastal Area Planning. Agricultural Journal 13 (2): 48-55
Hidayatullah M. and Pujiono E. 2014. Struktur dan Komposisi Jenis Hutan Mangrove Di Golo SepangKecamatan Boleng Kabupaten Manggarai Barat. Juni, Volume 3, pp. 151-162. [Indonesian]
Hijbeek R, Koedam N, Khan MNI, Kairo JG, Schoukens J. 2013. An Evaluation of Plotless Sampling using Vegetation Simulations and Field Data from a Mangrove Forest. Plos ONE 8(6) : 67201
Hutabarat A, Yulianda F, Fahrudin A, Harteti S, and Kusharjani. 2009. Pengelolaan pesisir dan laut secara terpadu (Edisi I). Bogor: Pusdiklat Kehutanan, Deptan, SECEN-KOREA International Cooperation Agency. [Indonesian]
Iftekhar MS, and Islam MR. 2004. Managing mangroves in Bangladesh: a strategy analysis. J Coast Con 10: 139-146
Imran A. and Ismail E. 2016. Inventarisasi Mangrove Di Pesisir Pantai Cemara Lombok Barat. JUPE Volume 1 Desember 2016:105-112. [Indonesian]
Jesus AD. 2012. Kondisi ekosistim mangrove di sub district Liquisa Timor-Leste. Depik, 1(3): 136-143. [Indonesian]
Komiyama A, Eong JO, Poungparn S. 2008. Allometry, biomass, and productivity of mangrove forests: a review. Aquatic Botany. 89:128-137
Nadiasa M, Maya DNKW, and Norken IN. 2010. Analisis Investasi Pengembangan Potensi Pariwisata Pada Pembangunan Waduk Jehem di Kabupaten Bangli. Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Sipil Universitas Udayana Denpasar, Bali. [Indonesian]
Nagelkerken I, Blaber SJM, Bouillon S, Green P, Haywood M, Kirton LG, Meynecke JO, Pawlik J, Penrose HM, Sasekumar A. 2008. The habitat function of mangrove for terrestrial and marine fauna: a review. Aquatic Botany. 89:155-185.
Nugraha HP, Indarjo A, and Helmi M. 2013. Studi Kesesuaian dan Daya Dukung Kawasan untuk Rekreasi Pantai di Pantai Panjang Kota Bengkulu.Journal of Marine Research.Vol. 2. No. 2 : 130-139. [Indonesian]
Masum KZ, Mamun AA, Rahman ZMM, Rahman MM, Newaz MS, Redowan M. 2013. Ecotourism carrying capacity and the potentiality of the safari park of Bangladesh. Journal of Forest Science. 29(4):292-299.
Maiti SK, Abhiroop C. 2013. Effects of Anthropogenic Pollution on Mangrove Biodiversity: A Review Subodh. Journal of Environmental Protection, 2013, 4, 1428-1434
Muflih A, Fahrudin A, Wardiatno Y. 2015. Kesesuaian dan daya dukung wisata pesisir Tanjung Pasir dan Pulau Untung Jawa. Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia (JIPI). 20(2):141-149. doi: 10.18343/jipi.20.2.141. [Indonesian]
Muhtadi A, Ramadhani SF, Yunasfi. 2016. Identifikasi dan tipe habitat ikan gelodok (famili: gobiidae) di Pantai Bali Kabupaten Batu Bara Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Biospecies. 9(2):1-6. [Indonesian]
Purwanti P, Mimit P, Mochammad F. 2018. Comparison of The Value of Mangrove Forest Benefits And The Benefits of Coconut Plantation As A Result of Land Conversion Activities In Prenger Bay of Trenggalek Regency. Asian Jr. of Microbiol. Biotech. Env. Sc. Vol. 20 (October Suppl.) : S155-S162.
Salam MA, Ross LG, and Beveridge MCM. 2000. Eco-tourism to protect the reserve mangrove forest the sundarbans and its flora and fauna. J Anatolia 11 (1): 56-66.
Santos LCM, Matos HR, Novelli YS, Lignon MC, Bitencourt MD, Koedam N. 2014. Anthropogenic activities on mangrove areas (Sao Francisco river estuary, Brazil northeast): a gis-based analysis of cbers and spot images to aid in local management. J Ocean & Coastal Management 89: 39-50.
Satyanarayana B, Bhanderi P, Debry M, Maniatis D, Fore´F, Badgie D, Jammeh K, Vanwing T, Farcy C, Koedam N, and Dahdouh Guebas. 2012. a socio-ecological assessment aiming at improved forestResource management and sustainable ecotourism developmentIn the mangroves of tanbi wetland national park, the gambia,West africa. Report. AMBIODOI 10.1007/ s13280-012-0248-7
Sihotang PS, Yunasfi, Rangkuti AM. 2014. Kajian Kesesuaian Ekowisata Mangrove di Pantai Bali Desa Mesjid Lama Kecamatan Talawi Kabupaten Batu Bara Provinsi Sumatera Utara. [Jurnal]. Jurnal Aquacoastmarine Vol. 4 (3). [Indonesian]
Sofian A. Harahab N and Marsoedi. 2012. Kondisi Dan Manfaat Langsung Ekosistem Mangrove Desa Penunggul Kecamatan Nguling Kabupaten Pasuruan. ElHayah. Vol. 2, No. 2 Maret 2012 (56-63). [Indonesian]
Suryaperdana Y, Soewardi K, Mashar ALI. 2012. Keterkaitan lingkungan mangrove pada produksi udang dan ikan bandeng di kawasan silvofishery Blanakan, Subang, Jawa Barat. Bonorowo Wetlands 2, 2(December), 74–85. [Indonesian]
Syarifuddin A, Zulharman. 2012. Analisa Vegetasi Hutan Mangrove Pelabuhan Lembar Kabupaten Lombok Barat Nusa Tenggara Barat. Jurnal Gamma Volume 7, Nomor 2, Maret 2012 : 01 – 13. [Indonesian]
Tuwo A. 2011. Pengelolaan Ekowisata Pesisir dan Laut. Sidoarjo (ID): Brillian Internasional. [Indonesian]
Wardhani DPJ, Bambang S, Boedi H. 2016. Partisipasi Masyarakat Dalam Pengelolaan Obyek Wisata Alam Pantai Suwuk Kabupaten Kebumen Jawa Tengah. DIPONEGORO Journal Of Maquares Management Of Aquatic Resources. Volume 5, Nomor 1, Tahun 2016, Halaman 91-100. [Indonesian]
Yulianda F. 2007. Ekowisata bahari sebagai alternatif pemanfaatan sumber daya pesisir berbasis konservasi. Makalah Seminar Sains 21 Februari 2007. Bogor (ID): Departemen Manajemen Sumberdaya Perairan. FPIK. [Indonesian]
Yulianda F, Fahrudin A, Hutabarat AA, Harteti S, Kusharjani, Kang HS. 2010. Pengelolaan Pesisir dan Laut Secara Terpadu (Integrated Coastal and Marine Management). Bogor (ID): Pusdiklat KehutananDepartemen Kehutanan Ri, Secem– Korea International Cooperation Agency. [Indonesian]
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