Genetic variability assessment in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) grown in Algeria using microsatellites SSR markers
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Abstract. Kara K, Rached-Kanouni M, Mnasri S, Khammar H, Ben Naceur MB. 2020. Genetic variability assessment in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) grown in Algeria using microsatellites SSR markers. Biodiversitas 21: 2638-2644. The assessment of genetic diversity is a key step in evaluating the adaptation of populations to new environmental conditions, and thus in the selection of new cultivars. The present investigation aimed to assess genetic variability of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes grown in Algeria. The 17 hexaploid genotypes of bread wheat were assessed using 16 molecular microsatellites of SSR (Simple Sequence Repeat). Among the 16 microsatellite markers tested, only 11 markers were the most polymorphic and reproducible. The Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) values per locus varied from 0.14 to 0.70 with an average of 0.48 and 0.49. Genetic similarity between genotypes varied from 0.27 and 0.92 with an average of 0.60. The highest genetic distance value of 0.92 has been scored between Kauz/Pastor/Fiscal and Wbll1*2/Brambling. The lowest value of 0.27 has been scored between Cham6 and Pastor/Wbll1. Genetic similarity was calculated by molecular derived data and used to produce a dendrogram. The genotypes were grouped in two clear clusters according to their origin and pedigree. The first cluster included wheat genotypes Ain Abid (local genotypes), Attila/2 Pastor, and 5119 (introduced genotypes). The second group revealed high polymorphism and was subdivided into four sub-groups. This high level of diversity revealed among the accessions of wheat, grown in Algeria could be used in breeding programs.
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References
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Allahverdiyev T. 2015. Effect of drought stress on some physiological traits of durum (Triticum durum Desf.) and bread (Triticum aestivum L.) wheat genotypes. Journal of Stress Physiology and Biochemistry 11(11): 29-38.
Allen AM, Winfield MO, Burridge AJ, Downie RC, Benbow HR, Barker GL, Wilkinson PA, Coghill J, Waterfall C, Davassi A, Scopes G. 2017. Characterization of a Wheat Breeders’ Array suitable for high-throughput SNP genotyping of global accessions of hexaploid bread wheat (Triticum aestivum). Plant Biotechnology Journal 15(3):390-401.
Babay E, Chaabane R, Mzid-Abdmouleh R, Ben Naceur M. 2015. Diversity of Tunisian bread wheat genotypes revealed by Morpho-agronomical and microsatellite markers. Bioscience Journal 31(3): 701-708.
Bellatreche A, Mahdad M, Kaouadji Z, Gaouar S. 2017. Agro-morphological diversity of some accessions of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) in western Algeria. Biodiversitas Journal 18 (1): 409-415. Doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d180153.
Bellatreche A, Mnasri S, Ben Naceur M, Gaouar SSB. 2019. Study of the Molecular Biodiversity of the Saharan Bread Wheat in Algeria. Cereal Research Communications 47: 724-739. DOI: 10.1556/0806.
Ben Naceur M. 1998. Development and assessment of new plant genotypes by molecular biology methods. Post-doctoral Graduate Report, School of Biotechnology, Korea University.
Boudour L, Gherroucha H, Boukaboub A, Bouchtab K, Baka M, Samra K. 2011. Evaluation of genetic diversity of an Algerian durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) collection. Journal of Stress Physiology and Biochemistry 7(3): 95–107.
Chao S, Zhang W, Dubcovsky J, Sorrells M. 2007. Evaluation of genetic diversity and genome- wide linkage disequilibrium among U.S. wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) germplasm representing different market classes. Crop Science 47: 1018-1030.
CIC, Conseil International des Céréales 2010. Les statistiques mondiales, calculées par le Conseil International des Céréales. Marché des céréales. GRM, N°. 402.
Drikvand R, Bihamta MR, Najafian G, Ebrahimi A. 2013. Investigation of Genetic Diversity among Bread Wheat Cultivars (Triticum aestivum L.) using SSR Markers. Journal of Agricultural Science 5 (3): 73-97.
Farzad A, Mehrvar MR, Ali Nazeri A, Juraimi AS. 2013. Investigation of wheat grain quality characteristics under water deficit condition during postanthesis stage. Journal of Agricultural and Biological Science 1: 273-278.
Flagella Z, Giuliani MM, Giuzio L, Volpi C, Masci S. 2010. Influence of water deficit on durum wheat storage protein composition and technological quality. European Journal of Agronomy 33: 197-207.
Grassini P, Eskridge KM, Cassman KG (2013). Distinguishing between yield advances and yield plateaus in historical crop production trends. Nature Communication 4:2918-3000.
Huang XQ, Börner MS, Goral MW. 2002. Assessing genetic diversity of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) germplasm using microsatellite markers. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 105: 699-707.
Islam SM, Haque S, Emon RM, Islam MM, Begum SN. 2012. Molecular characterization of wheat (triticum aestivum L.) genotypes through SSR markers. Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research 37(3): 389-398.
Jain S, Jain RK, McCouch SR. 2004. Genetic analysis of Indian aromatic and quality rice (Oryza sativa L.) germplasm using panels of fluroscently-labeled microsatellite markers. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 109: 965-977.
Kara K, Brinis L. 2012. Réponse Physiologique au Stress Hydrique de Variétés de Blé Tendre (Triticum aestivum L.) Cultivées en Algérie. European Journal of Scientific Research 81(4): 524-532.
Kara K, Kanouni-Rached M, Tahar A, Brinis L. 2014. Influence of Mediterranean conditions on yield parameters and quality of breed wheat (Triticum aestivum), International Journal of Advanced Scientific and Technical Research 4(3): 157-164.
Kara K, Mezghani N, Saddoud Debbabi O, Madini M, Ben Naceur M. 2016. Assessment of genetic diversity of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) using agro-morphological characters and microsatellite markers 2016. International Journal of Biosciences 9(4): 92-101. Doi.org/10.12692/ijb/9.4.92-101.
Kara K, Kanouni-Rached M, Saddoud Debbabi O, Ben Naceur M. 2017. Genetic diversity of bread wheat genotypes (Triticum aestivum L.) revealed by agromorphological characteristics and microsatellite SSR markers. International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology 6(1): 178- 182.
Khaled FMS, Roder MS, Borner A. 2015. Assessing genetic diversity of Egyptian hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) using microsatellite markers. Genetic Resource and Crop Evolution 62(3): 377-385. DOI 10.1007/s10722-014-0159-5
Kondi?-Špika A?, Den?i? SS, Mladenov NV, Trkulja D, Miki? SZ, Hristov NS, Marjanovi?-Jeromela AM. 2016. Polymorphism of microsatellite loci in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and related species. Journal of Natural Science Novi Sad 131: 81-89. DOI: 10.2298/ZMSPN1631081K.
Leisova L, Kucera L, Dotlacil L. 2007. Microsatellites as tool to evaluated and characterize bread wheat core collection. Wheat Production in stressed Environments 771-778.
Maggie L. 2000. Le blé dur en Afrique du Nord. Agriculture et Agro-alimentation Canada (AAC). Pub. Division analyse du marché, Bulletin bimensuel 13.
Malik R, Tiwari R, Arora A, Kumar P, Sheoran S. 2013. Genotypic characterization of elite Indian wheat genotypes using molecular markers and their pedigree analysis. Australian Journal of Crop Science 7 (5): 561-567.
Nagy S, Poczai P, Cernák I, Gorji AM, Heged?s G, Taller J. 2012. An online program to calculate polymorphic information content for molecular genetic studies. Biochemistry Genetics 50 (9–10): 670–672. Doi: 10.1007/s10528-012-9509-1.
Nei M, Li WH. 1979. Mathematical model for studying genetic variation in terms of restriction endonucleases. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences U.S.A, 76: 5269-5273.
Oury FG, Godin C. 2007. Yield and grain protein concentration in bread wheat: how to use the negative relationship between the two characters to identify favourable genotypes? Euphytica 157: 45-57
Ozlem AS, Begum T. 2018. Characterization of some bread wheat genotypes using molecular markers for drought tolerance. Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants 24(1):159–166.
Ramadugu C, Keremane ML, Hu X, Karp D, Federici CT, Kahn T, Lee RF. 2015. Genetic analysis of citron (Citrus medica L.) using simple sequence repeats and single nucleotide polymorphisms. Science of Horticulture 195:124–137. Doi: 10.1016/j.scienta.2015.09.004.
Rampino P, Pataleo S, Gerardi C, Mita G, Perrotta C, 2006. Drought stress response in wheat: physiological and molecular analysis of resistant and sensitive genotypes. Plant, Cell and Environment 29: 2143–2152.
Reza MD, Goodarz N, Elham Aram S. 2015. Investigation of genetic diversity of some durum and bread wheat genotypes using SSR markers. Journal of Biodiversity and Environment Sciences 6(3):24-32.
Rohlf FJ. 1989. NTSYS-pc: numerical taxonomy and multivariate analysis system. Analysis system version 2.02, Exeter Software, New York, N.Y: Setauket
Salehi M, Arzani A, Talebi M, Rokhzadi A. 2018. Genetic diversity of wheat wild relatives using SSR markers. Genetika 50:131–141. Doi.org /10.2298 / GENSR18 01131S
Salem KFM, El-Zanaty AM, Esmail RM. 2008. Assessing Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genetic Diversity Using Morphological Characters and Microsatellite Markers. World Journal of Agricultural Science 4 (5): 538-544.
Salem KFM, Röder MS, Börner A. 2014. Assessing genetic diversity of Egyptian hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) using microsatellite markers. Genetic Resource of Crop Evolution 62: 377–385. DOI 10.1007/s10722-014-0159-5.
Tékeu H, Ngonkeu E, Djocgoué F, Ellis A, Lendzemo V, Springfield L, Moulin L, Klonowska A, Diouf D, Botes W and Béna G. 2017. Genetic diversity of Cameroonian bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars revealed by microsatellite markers. African journal of biotechnology 16(36): 1832-1839. DOI: 10.5897/AJB2017.16090
Toklu F, Baloch FS, Karakoy T, Ozkan H. 2015. Effects of different priming applications on seed germination and some agromorphological characteristics of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry 39: 1005-1013.
Yao J, Ma H, Yang X, Yao GU, Zhou M. 2014. Inheritance of grain yield and it’s correlated with yield components in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). African Journal of Biotechnology 13(12): 1379- 1385.
Zarkti H, Ouabbo H, Hilali A, Udupa SM. 2010. Detection of genetic diversity in Moroccan durum wheat accessions using agromorphological traits and microsatellite markers. African Journal Agricultural Research 5: 1837-1844.
Ali Y, Atta B, Akhter J, Monneveux P, Lateef Z. 2008. Genetic variability association and diversity studies in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) germplasm. Pakistan Journal of Botany 40: 2087-2097.
Allahverdiyev T. 2015. Effect of drought stress on some physiological traits of durum (Triticum durum Desf.) and bread (Triticum aestivum L.) wheat genotypes. Journal of Stress Physiology and Biochemistry 11(11): 29-38.
Allen AM, Winfield MO, Burridge AJ, Downie RC, Benbow HR, Barker GL, Wilkinson PA, Coghill J, Waterfall C, Davassi A, Scopes G. 2017. Characterization of a Wheat Breeders’ Array suitable for high-throughput SNP genotyping of global accessions of hexaploid bread wheat (Triticum aestivum). Plant Biotechnology Journal 15(3):390-401.
Babay E, Chaabane R, Mzid-Abdmouleh R, Ben Naceur M. 2015. Diversity of Tunisian bread wheat genotypes revealed by Morpho-agronomical and microsatellite markers. Bioscience Journal 31(3): 701-708.
Bellatreche A, Mahdad M, Kaouadji Z, Gaouar S. 2017. Agro-morphological diversity of some accessions of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) in western Algeria. Biodiversitas Journal 18 (1): 409-415. Doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d180153.
Bellatreche A, Mnasri S, Ben Naceur M, Gaouar SSB. 2019. Study of the Molecular Biodiversity of the Saharan Bread Wheat in Algeria. Cereal Research Communications 47: 724-739. DOI: 10.1556/0806.
Ben Naceur M. 1998. Development and assessment of new plant genotypes by molecular biology methods. Post-doctoral Graduate Report, School of Biotechnology, Korea University.
Boudour L, Gherroucha H, Boukaboub A, Bouchtab K, Baka M, Samra K. 2011. Evaluation of genetic diversity of an Algerian durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) collection. Journal of Stress Physiology and Biochemistry 7(3): 95–107.
Chao S, Zhang W, Dubcovsky J, Sorrells M. 2007. Evaluation of genetic diversity and genome- wide linkage disequilibrium among U.S. wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) germplasm representing different market classes. Crop Science 47: 1018-1030.
CIC, Conseil International des Céréales 2010. Les statistiques mondiales, calculées par le Conseil International des Céréales. Marché des céréales. GRM, N°. 402.
Drikvand R, Bihamta MR, Najafian G, Ebrahimi A. 2013. Investigation of Genetic Diversity among Bread Wheat Cultivars (Triticum aestivum L.) using SSR Markers. Journal of Agricultural Science 5 (3): 73-97.
Farzad A, Mehrvar MR, Ali Nazeri A, Juraimi AS. 2013. Investigation of wheat grain quality characteristics under water deficit condition during postanthesis stage. Journal of Agricultural and Biological Science 1: 273-278.
Flagella Z, Giuliani MM, Giuzio L, Volpi C, Masci S. 2010. Influence of water deficit on durum wheat storage protein composition and technological quality. European Journal of Agronomy 33: 197-207.
Grassini P, Eskridge KM, Cassman KG (2013). Distinguishing between yield advances and yield plateaus in historical crop production trends. Nature Communication 4:2918-3000.
Huang XQ, Börner MS, Goral MW. 2002. Assessing genetic diversity of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) germplasm using microsatellite markers. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 105: 699-707.
Islam SM, Haque S, Emon RM, Islam MM, Begum SN. 2012. Molecular characterization of wheat (triticum aestivum L.) genotypes through SSR markers. Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research 37(3): 389-398.
Jain S, Jain RK, McCouch SR. 2004. Genetic analysis of Indian aromatic and quality rice (Oryza sativa L.) germplasm using panels of fluroscently-labeled microsatellite markers. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 109: 965-977.
Kara K, Brinis L. 2012. Réponse Physiologique au Stress Hydrique de Variétés de Blé Tendre (Triticum aestivum L.) Cultivées en Algérie. European Journal of Scientific Research 81(4): 524-532.
Kara K, Kanouni-Rached M, Tahar A, Brinis L. 2014. Influence of Mediterranean conditions on yield parameters and quality of breed wheat (Triticum aestivum), International Journal of Advanced Scientific and Technical Research 4(3): 157-164.
Kara K, Mezghani N, Saddoud Debbabi O, Madini M, Ben Naceur M. 2016. Assessment of genetic diversity of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) using agro-morphological characters and microsatellite markers 2016. International Journal of Biosciences 9(4): 92-101. Doi.org/10.12692/ijb/9.4.92-101.
Kara K, Kanouni-Rached M, Saddoud Debbabi O, Ben Naceur M. 2017. Genetic diversity of bread wheat genotypes (Triticum aestivum L.) revealed by agromorphological characteristics and microsatellite SSR markers. International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology 6(1): 178- 182.
Khaled FMS, Roder MS, Borner A. 2015. Assessing genetic diversity of Egyptian hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) using microsatellite markers. Genetic Resource and Crop Evolution 62(3): 377-385. DOI 10.1007/s10722-014-0159-5
Kondi?-Špika A?, Den?i? SS, Mladenov NV, Trkulja D, Miki? SZ, Hristov NS, Marjanovi?-Jeromela AM. 2016. Polymorphism of microsatellite loci in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and related species. Journal of Natural Science Novi Sad 131: 81-89. DOI: 10.2298/ZMSPN1631081K.
Leisova L, Kucera L, Dotlacil L. 2007. Microsatellites as tool to evaluated and characterize bread wheat core collection. Wheat Production in stressed Environments 771-778.
Maggie L. 2000. Le blé dur en Afrique du Nord. Agriculture et Agro-alimentation Canada (AAC). Pub. Division analyse du marché, Bulletin bimensuel 13.
Malik R, Tiwari R, Arora A, Kumar P, Sheoran S. 2013. Genotypic characterization of elite Indian wheat genotypes using molecular markers and their pedigree analysis. Australian Journal of Crop Science 7 (5): 561-567.
Nagy S, Poczai P, Cernák I, Gorji AM, Heged?s G, Taller J. 2012. An online program to calculate polymorphic information content for molecular genetic studies. Biochemistry Genetics 50 (9–10): 670–672. Doi: 10.1007/s10528-012-9509-1.
Nei M, Li WH. 1979. Mathematical model for studying genetic variation in terms of restriction endonucleases. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences U.S.A, 76: 5269-5273.
Oury FG, Godin C. 2007. Yield and grain protein concentration in bread wheat: how to use the negative relationship between the two characters to identify favourable genotypes? Euphytica 157: 45-57
Ozlem AS, Begum T. 2018. Characterization of some bread wheat genotypes using molecular markers for drought tolerance. Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants 24(1):159–166.
Ramadugu C, Keremane ML, Hu X, Karp D, Federici CT, Kahn T, Lee RF. 2015. Genetic analysis of citron (Citrus medica L.) using simple sequence repeats and single nucleotide polymorphisms. Science of Horticulture 195:124–137. Doi: 10.1016/j.scienta.2015.09.004.
Rampino P, Pataleo S, Gerardi C, Mita G, Perrotta C, 2006. Drought stress response in wheat: physiological and molecular analysis of resistant and sensitive genotypes. Plant, Cell and Environment 29: 2143–2152.
Reza MD, Goodarz N, Elham Aram S. 2015. Investigation of genetic diversity of some durum and bread wheat genotypes using SSR markers. Journal of Biodiversity and Environment Sciences 6(3):24-32.
Rohlf FJ. 1989. NTSYS-pc: numerical taxonomy and multivariate analysis system. Analysis system version 2.02, Exeter Software, New York, N.Y: Setauket
Salehi M, Arzani A, Talebi M, Rokhzadi A. 2018. Genetic diversity of wheat wild relatives using SSR markers. Genetika 50:131–141. Doi.org /10.2298 / GENSR18 01131S
Salem KFM, El-Zanaty AM, Esmail RM. 2008. Assessing Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genetic Diversity Using Morphological Characters and Microsatellite Markers. World Journal of Agricultural Science 4 (5): 538-544.
Salem KFM, Röder MS, Börner A. 2014. Assessing genetic diversity of Egyptian hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) using microsatellite markers. Genetic Resource of Crop Evolution 62: 377–385. DOI 10.1007/s10722-014-0159-5.
Tékeu H, Ngonkeu E, Djocgoué F, Ellis A, Lendzemo V, Springfield L, Moulin L, Klonowska A, Diouf D, Botes W and Béna G. 2017. Genetic diversity of Cameroonian bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars revealed by microsatellite markers. African journal of biotechnology 16(36): 1832-1839. DOI: 10.5897/AJB2017.16090
Toklu F, Baloch FS, Karakoy T, Ozkan H. 2015. Effects of different priming applications on seed germination and some agromorphological characteristics of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry 39: 1005-1013.
Yao J, Ma H, Yang X, Yao GU, Zhou M. 2014. Inheritance of grain yield and it’s correlated with yield components in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). African Journal of Biotechnology 13(12): 1379- 1385.
Zarkti H, Ouabbo H, Hilali A, Udupa SM. 2010. Detection of genetic diversity in Moroccan durum wheat accessions using agromorphological traits and microsatellite markers. African Journal Agricultural Research 5: 1837-1844.
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