Prevalence naturally infected gastrointestinal parasites and complete blood count condition on Wonosobo sheep at Wonosobo District, Central Java, Indonesia

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.sidebar##

PDF
DOI https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d210724
Issue
Vol. 21 No. 7 (2020)
Section
Articles

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##

ZEIN AHMAD BAIHAQI ♥
Doctoral Program of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universita Gadjah Mada. Jl. Fauna No. 2, Caturtunggal, Depok, Sleman 55281, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
WISNU NURCAHYO
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universita Gadjah Mada. Jl. Fauna No. 2, Caturtunggal, Depok, Sleman 55281, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
IRKHAM WIDIYONO
Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universita Gadjah Mada. Jl. Fauna No. 2, Caturtunggal, Depok, Sleman 55281, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Abstract

Abstract. Baihaqi ZA, Nurcahyo W, Widiyono I. 2020. Prevalence naturally infected gastrointestinal parasites and complete blood count condition on Wonosobo sheep at Wonosobo District, Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 3057-3061. The aim of this study was to determine complete blood count of Wonosobo sheep infected with internal parasites on sheep farms in Wonosobo District, Central Java, Indonesia. Fecal and blood samples were taken from 130 female Wonosobo sheep. Fecal samples were individual and the numbers of worm eggs per gram of feces (eggs per gram, EPG) were counted. Complete blood count analyzed with a hematology analyzer machine and total protein were measured with a refractometer. The total average prevalence of gastrointestinal (GI) parasite infections in the Wonosobo sheep are 66.92%. The prevalences of low EPG and high EPG GI parasite infections in female Wonosobo sheep were 19.23% and 47.69%. The gastrointestinal worm species found infecting female Wonosobo sheep in this study were Haemonchus spp., Ostertagia spp., Trichostrongylus spp., Trichuris spp., Bunostomum spp., and Moniezia spp. The most prevalent GI parasites infections in  Wonosobo sheep were caused by Haemonchus spp., and the last prevalent ones were caused by Trichuris spp. Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV), Mean Corpuscular Hb (MCH), Mean Corpuscular Hb Concentration (MCHC), White Blood Cell (WBC), neutrophil, eosinophil, and lymphocyte counts in female Wonosobo sheep with naturally occurring gastrointestinal worms that had EPG > 600 were significantly higher (p < 0.001) than those in sheep that had EPG <600. Hb, Hematocrit (HCT), Red Blood Cell (RBC), and Total Protein (TP) were significantly lower (p < 0.001) in sheep with EPG values >600 than in sheep with EPG <600. Monocyte and basophil values were not significantly different (p > 0.05) between infected sheep with EPG <600 and those with EPG >600. This study shows that gastrointestinal worm infections naturally affect the hematology and blood chemistry of female Wonosobo sheep in Wonosobo district, Central Java, Indonesia.

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##

References
Badawi NM, AL-Hadithy HAH. 2014. The hematological parameters in clinically healthy Iraqi Awassi sheep. World’s Veterinary Journal 4(1):01-05. 9.
Bakker N, Vervelde L, Kanobano K, Knox DP, Cornelissen AW, de Vries E, Yatsuda AP. 2004. Vaccination against the nematode H. contortus with a thiolbinding fraction from the excretory, secretory products (ES). Vaccine 22(5-6); 619-629.
Balic A, Cunningham CP, Meeusen ENT. 2006. Eosinophil interactions with Haemonchus contortus larvae in the ovine gastrointestinal tract. Parasite Immunology 28: 107–115.
Barker IK, Titchen DA. 1982. Gastric dysfunction in sheep infected with Trichostrongylus colubriformis, a nematode inhabiting the small intestine. International Journal for Parasitology 12(4):345–356.
Bell A, McNally J, Smith DV, Rahman A, Hunt P, Kotze AC, Dominik S, Ingham A. 2019. Quantification of differences in resistance to gastrointestinal nematode infections in sheep using a multivariate blood parameter. Veterinary Parasitology 270: 31–39.
Benjamin MM. 2008. Outline of Veterinary Clinical Pathology. 3rd ed. Reprint. The Iowa State University, Press Ames, Iowa, U.S.A.
Bhattachryya DK and Ahmed K. 2005. Prevalence of helmintic infection in cattle and buffaloes. Indian Vet. J. 82: 900-901.
Douglas JW, Jane KW. 2010. Schalm’s Veterinary Hematology Ed 7th. USA: Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
Egbe-nwiyi TN, Nwaosu, Salami HA. 2000. Haematological values of apparently healthy sheep and goats as influenced by age and sex. African Journal of Biomedical Research 3:109-115.
Etim NN, Williams ME, Uduak AU, Offiong EEA. 2014. Haematological parameters and factors affecting their values. Agricultural Science 2(1):37-47.
Flores-Péreza I, Hallal-Callerosa C, Cervantes-Pachecob BJ, Alba-Hurtadoc F, Orihuelaa A, Castro-del-Campod N, Acevedo-Ramírezd P, Ortiz-Lópezd B, Jimenez-Leyvad D, Barajas-Cruzd R. 2019. Behavioural and productive response to experimental infection with stage 3 larvae of Haemonchus contortus in feedlot bull-calves. Experimental Parasitology 197: 1-8.
Ganguly A, Bisla RS, Chaudhri SS. 2016. Haematological and biochemical changes in ovine fasciolosis. Haryana Veterinary 55(1):27–30.
Gupta SK, Singla LD. 2012. Diagnostic trends in parasitic diseases of animals. In: Gupta R.P., Garg S.R., Nehra,V. and Lather,D, editors. Veterinary Diagnostics: Current Trends. Satish Serial Publishing House, New Delhi p. 81-112.
Hakim FR, Arifin M, Rianto E. 2019. Growth pattern and productivity of female Wonosobo sheep in Wonosobo District, Central Java Province, Indonesia. IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science 247: 012044.
Hutchinson G. 2009. Nematode Parasites of Small Ruminants, Camelids and Cattle diagnosis with emphasis on anthelmintic efficacy and resistance testing formerly at Elizabeth Mcarthur agricultural Institute, New South Wales, department of primary Industries, 2009: Pp: 161. 11.
Kumar S, Jakhar KK, Singh S, Potliya S, Kumar K, Pal M. 2015. Clinicopathological studies of gastrointestinal tract disorders in sheep with parasitic infection. Veterinary World 8(1): 29-32.
Nehra AK, Gowane GR, Kuriyal A, Chaurasiya A, Kumar R, Bhinsara DB, Parthasarathi BC, Bhawana K, Khare RK, Prasad A, Chandra D, Sankar M. 2019. Immune response against subclinical haemonchosis in Himalayan hill goats. Veterinary Parasitology 267: 7-53.
Meeuse ENT, Balic A. 2000. Do eosinophils have a role in the killing of helminth parasites?. Parasitology Today 16 (3):95-101.
Miglio A, Antognoni MT, Maresca C, Moncada C, Riondato F, Scoccia E, and Mangili V. 2015. Serum protein concentration and protein fractions in clinically healthy Lacaune and Sarda sheep using agarose gel electrophoresis. Veterinary Clinical Pathology 44/4: 564–569.
Mulyadi T, Siswanto, Hartono M. 2018. Prevalence of gastrointestinal worms on Ettawa crossbreed goat in farmers group of Gedong Tataan district Pesawaran regency Lampung. Jurnal Riset dan Inovasi Peternakan 2(2):21-26.
Nwosu CO, Madu PP and Richards WS. 2007. Prevalence and seasonal changes in the population of gastrointestinal nematodes of small ruminants in the semi-arid zone of North-Eastern Nigeria. Vet. Parasitol. 144 (1-2): 118-124.
Perry B. 2002. Investing in Animal Health Research to Alleviate Poverty. International Livestock Research Institute: 148.
Rahman MK, Islam S, Ferdous J, Uddin MH, Hossain MB, Hassan MM, Islam A. 2018. Determination of hematological and serum biochemical reference values for indigenous sheep (Ovies aries) in Dhaka and Chittagong Districts of Bangladesh. Veterinary World 11(8): 1089-1093.
Regassa F, Teshale S, Reta D, Yosef K. 2006. Epidemiology of gastrointestinal parasites of ruminants in Western Oromia, Ethiopia. Int. J. Appl. Res. Vet. Med 4(1): Pp: 51-57.
Sanyal PK, Rawte D, Kerketta AE, Pal S, Baghel KR, Bisen S. 2014. Epidemiology and patho-physiology of caprine parasitic gastroenteritis in Chhattisgarh. Veterinary Parasitology 28(1):62-65.
Schafera AS, Baldissera MD, da Silva CB, de Oliveira JS, Francisco A, de Matos IM, Dornelles GL, Grando TH, Gressler LT, Stefanello S, Santi E, Minho AP, Rodrigues D, Souza CF, Leal MLR, Monteiro SG, Lopes STA, de Andrade CM. 2019. Copper oxide and closantel prevent alterations in hepatic energetic metabolism and reduce inflammation in Haemonchus contortus infection. Experimental Parasitology 204, 107726.
Singh V, Varshney P, Dash SK and Lal HP. 2013. Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in sheep and goats in and around Mathura. India. Vet. World 6 5: 260-262.
Singh E, Kaur P, Singla LD and Bal MS. 2017. Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasitism in small ruminants in western zone of Punjab. India. Vet. World 10(1): 61-66.
Stear MJ, Murray M. 1994. Genetic resistance to parasitic disease: particularly of resistance in ruminants to gastrointestinal nematodes. Veterinary Parasitology 54: 161- 176.
Taylor MA, Wall RL, Coop RL. 2010. Parasitologia Veterinária, 3rd ed. Guanabara Koogan, Rio de Janeiro 742 p.
The Decree of the Minister of Agriculture. 2011. Cluster determination of Wonosobo sheep. No. 2915/Kpts/OT.140/6/2011.
Vasileiou NGC, Arsenopoulos K, Katsafadou AI, Angelou A, Mavrogianni VS, Fthenakis GC, Papadopoulos E. 2019. Interactions between parasitism and milk production - mastitis in sheep. Small Ruminant Res. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.2019.07.015.
Weiss DJ, Wardrop KJ. 2010. Schalms Veterinary Haematology. 6th ed. Wiley- Blackwell-USA 168170:593-595:1162-1163.