Phytochemical screening and cytotoxic evaluation of Bauhinia scandens leaf extracts using HeLa and T47D cell lines
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.sidebar##
Issue
Section
Articles
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##
Abstract
Abstract. Lianah L, Khasanah RAN, Pranatami DA, Krisantini K. 2021. Phytochemical screening and cytotoxic evaluation of Bauhinia scandens leaf extracts using HeLa and T47D cell lines. Biodiversitas 22: 913-919. The aim of the study was to analyze the phytochemical contents and todetermine the cytotoxic activities of Bauhinia scandens leaf ethanol extracts against HeLa (human cervical cancer) and T47D (breast cancer) cell culture lines. Using a standard protocol, it was found that leaf extract of B. scandens contains phytochemicals that are widely known to have medicinal properties, such as phenols (17.57±0.098% w/w), flavonoids (5.91±0.098% w/w), saponins (19.42±0.091% w/w), tannins (1.24±0.035% w/w), alkaloids (1.31±0.001% w/w) and steroids (0.08±0.007% w/w). Results of 24-hr Microculture Tetrazolium Salt (MTT) assay show that leaf extracts of B. scandens can suppress cell growth at a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 1.95 ?g/mLfor HeLa cells and 4.54?g/mL for T47D cells. This indicates that B. scandens is a potentially strong candidate for anti-cancer agents. The cytotoxic activities of the leaf extracts of B. scandens can be attributed to the total effects of the phytochemical compounds found. Further studies are recommended in order to isolate and determine individual effects of bioactive compounds in B. scandens.
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##
References
Afzal J, Ullah N, Hussain Z, Rukh S, Mazharayaz, Akbar A, Zaman A. 2017. Phytochemical analysis and antibacterial potential of leaf extract of Bauhinia Linn.: an ethnomedicinal plant. Mat Sci Pharm 1:17?19.
Ajanal M, Gundkalle MB, Nayak SU. 2012. Estimation of total alkaloid in Chitrakadivati by UV-Spectrophotometer. Ancient Science of Life 31: 198?201.
Alizadeh BB, Tabatabaei YF, Shahidi F, Noorbakhsh H, Vasiee A, Alghooneh. 2018. Phytochemical analysis and antibacterial activities extracts of mangrove leaf against the growth of some pathogenic bacteria. Microbial Pathogenesis114: 225?232.
Ashok PK, Upadhyaya K. 2012. Tannins are astringent. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 1: 45?50.
Baba SA, Malik SA. 2014. Determination of total phenolic and flavonoid content, antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of root extract of Arisaema jacquemontii Blume. Journal of Taibah University for Science 9: 449?454.
Bandyopadhyay S, Lakshminarasimhan, P. 2017. Epitypification Bauhinia scandens (Leguminosae: Cercidoideae). Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany 41: 137?138.
Bhawani SA, Sulaiman O, Hashim R, Mohamad MN. 2010. Thin-layer chromatography analysis of steroids: a review. Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 9: 301?313.
Borikar VL, Jangde CR, Rekhe DS, Phillip P. 2009. Study of analgesic activity of Bauhinia racemosa Lam. in the rat. Veterinary World 2: 135?136.
Bravo L. 1998. Polyphenols: chemistry, dietary sources, metabolism, and nutritional signi?cance. Nutrition Reviews 56: 317?333.
Bribi N. 2018. The pharmacological activity of alkaloids: a review. Asian Journal of Botany 1: 1?6.
Burgos A. 2015. Antibacterial activity of the alkaloid extract and isolated compounds from Croton bonplandianum Baill. (Euphorbiaceae). Rev Bras Pl Med Campinas 17: 922?927.
Campos JKL, Araujo CSF, Araujo TFS, Santos AFS, Teixeira JA, Lima VLM, Coelho LCBB. 2016. Anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive activities of Bauhinia monandra leaf lectin. Biochimie 2: 62?68.
Corradini E, Foglia P, Giansanti P, Gubbiotti R, Samperi R, Lagana A. 2011. Flavonoids: chemical properties and analytical methodologies of identification and quantitation in foods and plants. Natural Product Research 25: 469?495.
Cushnie T, Cushnie B, Lamb A. 2014. Alkaloids: an overview of their antibacterial, antibiotic-enhancing, and antivirulence activities. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents 44: 377?386.
Eswaraiah G, Peele KA, Krupanidhi S, Kumar RB, Venkateswarulu TC. 2019. Studies on phytochemical, antioxidant, antimicrobial analysis and separation of bioactive leads of a leaf extract from the selected mangroves. Journal of King Saud University?Science.
Ezeabara CA, Okeke CU, Aziagba BO, IIodibia, CV, Emeka AN. 2014. Determination of the saponin content of various parts of six Citrus species. International Research Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry 4: 137?143.
Faizal A, Geelen D. 2013. Saponins and their role in biological processes in plants. Phytochemistry Reviews 12: 877–893.
Galvao MAM, de Arruda AO, Bezerra ICF, Ferreira MRA, Soares LAL. 2018. Evaluation of the folin-ciocalteu method and quantification of total tannins in stem barks and pods from Libidibia ferrea (Mart. ex Tul) L. P. Queiroz. Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology 61: 1?20.
Gosse B, Gnabre J, Bates RB, Dicus CW, Nakkiew P, Huang RCC. 2002. Antiviral saponins from Tieghemella heckelii. Journal of Natural Products. 65:1942?1944.
Harborne JB. 1973. Phytochemical Methods: A Guide to Modern Techniques of Plant Analysis. London: Chapman A & Hall.
Hassan SM, Gutierrez O, Haq AU, Byrd JA, Bailey CA, Cartwright AL. 2007. Saponin-rich extracts from quillaja, yucca, soybean, and guar differ in antimicrobial and hemolytic activities. Poult Sci. 86 121.
Hazra AG, Chatterjee P. 2008. A nontoxic antitumor compound from the leaves of Bauhinia Scandens characterized as 1-0-alkyl glycerol by gas-liquid chromatography and evaluation of its anti-tumor property by brine shrimp bioassay. Industrial Crops and Products 27: 39?43.
Heras BDL, Rodríguez B, Boscá L, Villar AM. 2003. Terpenoids: sources, structure elucidation and therapeutic potential in inflammation. Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry 3: 53?67.
Hou L, Larsen. 1996. Caesalpiniaceae (Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae). Flora Malesiana 12: 409?730.
Joshi DSD S, Amgoth C, Narayana S, Padmavathi CH, Madhavi J, Satya AK. 2018. Antioxidant and anticancer activities of an aporphine alkaloid isolated from Alphonsea sclerocarpa. The Journal of Phytopharmacology 7: 51?55.
Kasal A. 2010. Structure and nomenclature of steroids. Steroid Analysis. 1-25.
Khanbabaee K, van Reeb T. 2001. Tannins: classi?cation and de?nition. Nat Prod Rep 18: 641–649.
Kumar S, Pandey AK. 2013. Chemistry and biological activities of flavonoids: an overview. The Scientific World Journal 1?13.
Lianah. 2016. Morphological characteristic of a unique ‘chain tree’ Bauhinia scandens Willd (Caesalpinioideae, Leguminosae) from Pager Wunung Conservation Park, Central Java, Indonesia. Journal of Tropical Crop Science 3: 56?60.
Lianah, Idris F, Krisantini. 2019. Short communication: analysis of the chemical constituents and micromorphology of Bauhinia scandens using sem-eds techniques. Biodiversitas 20: 2055?2060.
Lin D, Xiao M, Zhao J, Li Z, Xing B, Li X, Kong M, Li L, Zhang Q, Liu Y, Chen H, Qin W, Wu H, Chen S. 2016. An overview of plant phenolic compounds and their importance in human nutrition and management of type 2 diabetes. Molecules. 21: 1?19.
Liu Y, Liu C. 2015. Determination of total alkaloids in different parts of Actinidia argute by spectrophotography. International Conference on Materials, Environmental, and Biological Engineering.
Maitra A, Chatterjee P, Bhattacharya S. 1991. The possible anti-carcinogenic activity of the herbal extract of Bauhinia anguina Roxburgh. Cell and Chromosome Research. 14: 35?40.
Mas S, Gao W, Zhang F, Liu C. 2010. Chemical study and Medical Application of Saponin as Anticancer Agents. [www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov].
Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia. 2019. Hari Kanker Sedunia 2019. www.depkes.go.id.
Mishra A, Sharma AK, Kumar S. Saxena AK, Pandey AK. 2013. Bauhinia variegata leaf extracts exhibit considerable antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer activities. BioMed Research International Vol. 2013.
Moghimipour E, Handali S. 2015. Saponin: properties, methods of evaluation, and applications. Annual Research & Review in Biology 5: 207?220.
Pachauri K, Yadav F. 2015. Physicochemical and phytochemical analysis of Bauhinia variegata modern analytical HPTLC fingerprinting. International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research 6: 2009?2018.
Pandey, S. 2017. In vivo antitumor potential of extract from different parts of Bauhinia variegata Linn. against b16f10 melanoma tumor model in c57bl/6 mice. Applied Cancer Research 37: 33.
Patel SS, Savjani JK. 2015. A systematic review of plant steroids as potential anti-inflammatory agents: current status and future perspectives. The Journal of Phytopharmacology 4: 121?125.
Pavarini DP, Pavarini SP, Niehues M, Lopes NP. 2012. Exogenous influences on plant secondary metabolites level. Animal Feed Science and Technology 176: 5?16.
Plaumann B, Frirsche M, Rimpler H, Brandner G. 1996. Flavonoids activate wild-type p53.Oncogene 13 (8): 1605?1614.
Prakash V. 2017. Terpenoids as a source of anti-inflammatory compounds. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 10: 68?76.
Roy A. 2017. A review on the alkaloids an important therapeutic compound from plants. International Journal of Plant Biotechnology 3: 1-9.
Saharjo BH, Nurhayati AD. 2006. Domination and composition structure change at hemic peat natural regeneration following burning; a case study in Pelalawan, Riau Province. Biodiversitas 7: 154-158.
Sharanabasappa GK, Santosh MK, Shaila D, Seetharam YN, Sanjeevarao I. 2007. Phytochemical Studies on Bauhinia racemosa Lam., Bauhinia purpurea Linn. and Hardwickia binata Roxb. E-Journal of Chemistry 4 (1): 21-31.
Sharma M, Neerajarani G, Mujeeb CA, Anu V, Sravan B, and Kumar A. 2014. Antioxidant, Antifungal, And Phytochemical Analysis of Bauhinia malabarica: An In-vitro Study. International Journal of Advanced Health Sciences 1(6): 1-13.
Sreedharan CS, Vaidya CP, Vagdevi HM, Latha KP, Muralhrishna KS, Krupanidhi AM. 2009. Screening of Bauhinia purpurea Linn. for analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities. Indian Journal Pharmacology 41: 75-79.
Sofowora A. 1993. Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicines in Africa. New York: Chichester John Willey & Sons pp. 256.
Tinkilic N, Uyanik A. 2001. Spectrophotometric determination of the tannin contents of various Turkish black tea, beer, and wine samples. International Journal of Food Science and Nutrition 52: 289-294.
Trease GE, Evans WC. 1989. A Text-book of Pharmacognosy. London: Bailliere Tindall Ltd.
Vador N, Vador B, Hole R. 2012. Simple Spectrophotometric Methods for Standardizing Ayurvedic Formulation. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science 74(2): 161-163.
Yang L, Wen K, Ruan X, Zhao Y, Wei F, Wang Q. 2018. The response of Plant Secondary Metabolites to Environmental Factors. Molecules 23(762): 1-26.
Ajanal M, Gundkalle MB, Nayak SU. 2012. Estimation of total alkaloid in Chitrakadivati by UV-Spectrophotometer. Ancient Science of Life 31: 198?201.
Alizadeh BB, Tabatabaei YF, Shahidi F, Noorbakhsh H, Vasiee A, Alghooneh. 2018. Phytochemical analysis and antibacterial activities extracts of mangrove leaf against the growth of some pathogenic bacteria. Microbial Pathogenesis114: 225?232.
Ashok PK, Upadhyaya K. 2012. Tannins are astringent. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 1: 45?50.
Baba SA, Malik SA. 2014. Determination of total phenolic and flavonoid content, antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of root extract of Arisaema jacquemontii Blume. Journal of Taibah University for Science 9: 449?454.
Bandyopadhyay S, Lakshminarasimhan, P. 2017. Epitypification Bauhinia scandens (Leguminosae: Cercidoideae). Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany 41: 137?138.
Bhawani SA, Sulaiman O, Hashim R, Mohamad MN. 2010. Thin-layer chromatography analysis of steroids: a review. Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 9: 301?313.
Borikar VL, Jangde CR, Rekhe DS, Phillip P. 2009. Study of analgesic activity of Bauhinia racemosa Lam. in the rat. Veterinary World 2: 135?136.
Bravo L. 1998. Polyphenols: chemistry, dietary sources, metabolism, and nutritional signi?cance. Nutrition Reviews 56: 317?333.
Bribi N. 2018. The pharmacological activity of alkaloids: a review. Asian Journal of Botany 1: 1?6.
Burgos A. 2015. Antibacterial activity of the alkaloid extract and isolated compounds from Croton bonplandianum Baill. (Euphorbiaceae). Rev Bras Pl Med Campinas 17: 922?927.
Campos JKL, Araujo CSF, Araujo TFS, Santos AFS, Teixeira JA, Lima VLM, Coelho LCBB. 2016. Anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive activities of Bauhinia monandra leaf lectin. Biochimie 2: 62?68.
Corradini E, Foglia P, Giansanti P, Gubbiotti R, Samperi R, Lagana A. 2011. Flavonoids: chemical properties and analytical methodologies of identification and quantitation in foods and plants. Natural Product Research 25: 469?495.
Cushnie T, Cushnie B, Lamb A. 2014. Alkaloids: an overview of their antibacterial, antibiotic-enhancing, and antivirulence activities. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents 44: 377?386.
Eswaraiah G, Peele KA, Krupanidhi S, Kumar RB, Venkateswarulu TC. 2019. Studies on phytochemical, antioxidant, antimicrobial analysis and separation of bioactive leads of a leaf extract from the selected mangroves. Journal of King Saud University?Science.
Ezeabara CA, Okeke CU, Aziagba BO, IIodibia, CV, Emeka AN. 2014. Determination of the saponin content of various parts of six Citrus species. International Research Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry 4: 137?143.
Faizal A, Geelen D. 2013. Saponins and their role in biological processes in plants. Phytochemistry Reviews 12: 877–893.
Galvao MAM, de Arruda AO, Bezerra ICF, Ferreira MRA, Soares LAL. 2018. Evaluation of the folin-ciocalteu method and quantification of total tannins in stem barks and pods from Libidibia ferrea (Mart. ex Tul) L. P. Queiroz. Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology 61: 1?20.
Gosse B, Gnabre J, Bates RB, Dicus CW, Nakkiew P, Huang RCC. 2002. Antiviral saponins from Tieghemella heckelii. Journal of Natural Products. 65:1942?1944.
Harborne JB. 1973. Phytochemical Methods: A Guide to Modern Techniques of Plant Analysis. London: Chapman A & Hall.
Hassan SM, Gutierrez O, Haq AU, Byrd JA, Bailey CA, Cartwright AL. 2007. Saponin-rich extracts from quillaja, yucca, soybean, and guar differ in antimicrobial and hemolytic activities. Poult Sci. 86 121.
Hazra AG, Chatterjee P. 2008. A nontoxic antitumor compound from the leaves of Bauhinia Scandens characterized as 1-0-alkyl glycerol by gas-liquid chromatography and evaluation of its anti-tumor property by brine shrimp bioassay. Industrial Crops and Products 27: 39?43.
Heras BDL, Rodríguez B, Boscá L, Villar AM. 2003. Terpenoids: sources, structure elucidation and therapeutic potential in inflammation. Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry 3: 53?67.
Hou L, Larsen. 1996. Caesalpiniaceae (Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae). Flora Malesiana 12: 409?730.
Joshi DSD S, Amgoth C, Narayana S, Padmavathi CH, Madhavi J, Satya AK. 2018. Antioxidant and anticancer activities of an aporphine alkaloid isolated from Alphonsea sclerocarpa. The Journal of Phytopharmacology 7: 51?55.
Kasal A. 2010. Structure and nomenclature of steroids. Steroid Analysis. 1-25.
Khanbabaee K, van Reeb T. 2001. Tannins: classi?cation and de?nition. Nat Prod Rep 18: 641–649.
Kumar S, Pandey AK. 2013. Chemistry and biological activities of flavonoids: an overview. The Scientific World Journal 1?13.
Lianah. 2016. Morphological characteristic of a unique ‘chain tree’ Bauhinia scandens Willd (Caesalpinioideae, Leguminosae) from Pager Wunung Conservation Park, Central Java, Indonesia. Journal of Tropical Crop Science 3: 56?60.
Lianah, Idris F, Krisantini. 2019. Short communication: analysis of the chemical constituents and micromorphology of Bauhinia scandens using sem-eds techniques. Biodiversitas 20: 2055?2060.
Lin D, Xiao M, Zhao J, Li Z, Xing B, Li X, Kong M, Li L, Zhang Q, Liu Y, Chen H, Qin W, Wu H, Chen S. 2016. An overview of plant phenolic compounds and their importance in human nutrition and management of type 2 diabetes. Molecules. 21: 1?19.
Liu Y, Liu C. 2015. Determination of total alkaloids in different parts of Actinidia argute by spectrophotography. International Conference on Materials, Environmental, and Biological Engineering.
Maitra A, Chatterjee P, Bhattacharya S. 1991. The possible anti-carcinogenic activity of the herbal extract of Bauhinia anguina Roxburgh. Cell and Chromosome Research. 14: 35?40.
Mas S, Gao W, Zhang F, Liu C. 2010. Chemical study and Medical Application of Saponin as Anticancer Agents. [www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov].
Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia. 2019. Hari Kanker Sedunia 2019. www.depkes.go.id.
Mishra A, Sharma AK, Kumar S. Saxena AK, Pandey AK. 2013. Bauhinia variegata leaf extracts exhibit considerable antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer activities. BioMed Research International Vol. 2013.
Moghimipour E, Handali S. 2015. Saponin: properties, methods of evaluation, and applications. Annual Research & Review in Biology 5: 207?220.
Pachauri K, Yadav F. 2015. Physicochemical and phytochemical analysis of Bauhinia variegata modern analytical HPTLC fingerprinting. International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research 6: 2009?2018.
Pandey, S. 2017. In vivo antitumor potential of extract from different parts of Bauhinia variegata Linn. against b16f10 melanoma tumor model in c57bl/6 mice. Applied Cancer Research 37: 33.
Patel SS, Savjani JK. 2015. A systematic review of plant steroids as potential anti-inflammatory agents: current status and future perspectives. The Journal of Phytopharmacology 4: 121?125.
Pavarini DP, Pavarini SP, Niehues M, Lopes NP. 2012. Exogenous influences on plant secondary metabolites level. Animal Feed Science and Technology 176: 5?16.
Plaumann B, Frirsche M, Rimpler H, Brandner G. 1996. Flavonoids activate wild-type p53.Oncogene 13 (8): 1605?1614.
Prakash V. 2017. Terpenoids as a source of anti-inflammatory compounds. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 10: 68?76.
Roy A. 2017. A review on the alkaloids an important therapeutic compound from plants. International Journal of Plant Biotechnology 3: 1-9.
Saharjo BH, Nurhayati AD. 2006. Domination and composition structure change at hemic peat natural regeneration following burning; a case study in Pelalawan, Riau Province. Biodiversitas 7: 154-158.
Sharanabasappa GK, Santosh MK, Shaila D, Seetharam YN, Sanjeevarao I. 2007. Phytochemical Studies on Bauhinia racemosa Lam., Bauhinia purpurea Linn. and Hardwickia binata Roxb. E-Journal of Chemistry 4 (1): 21-31.
Sharma M, Neerajarani G, Mujeeb CA, Anu V, Sravan B, and Kumar A. 2014. Antioxidant, Antifungal, And Phytochemical Analysis of Bauhinia malabarica: An In-vitro Study. International Journal of Advanced Health Sciences 1(6): 1-13.
Sreedharan CS, Vaidya CP, Vagdevi HM, Latha KP, Muralhrishna KS, Krupanidhi AM. 2009. Screening of Bauhinia purpurea Linn. for analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities. Indian Journal Pharmacology 41: 75-79.
Sofowora A. 1993. Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicines in Africa. New York: Chichester John Willey & Sons pp. 256.
Tinkilic N, Uyanik A. 2001. Spectrophotometric determination of the tannin contents of various Turkish black tea, beer, and wine samples. International Journal of Food Science and Nutrition 52: 289-294.
Trease GE, Evans WC. 1989. A Text-book of Pharmacognosy. London: Bailliere Tindall Ltd.
Vador N, Vador B, Hole R. 2012. Simple Spectrophotometric Methods for Standardizing Ayurvedic Formulation. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science 74(2): 161-163.
Yang L, Wen K, Ruan X, Zhao Y, Wei F, Wang Q. 2018. The response of Plant Secondary Metabolites to Environmental Factors. Molecules 23(762): 1-26.
Most read articles by the same author(s)
- LIANAH LIANAH, FATAH IDRIS, KRISANTINI KRISANTINI, Short Communication: Analysis of the chemical constituents and micromorphology of Bauhinia scandens using SEM-EDS techniques , Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity: Vol. 20 No. 7 (2019)
- LIANAH LIANAH, NIKEN KUSUMARINI, MUTISTA HAFSHAH, KRISANTINI KRISANTINI, ANI KURNIAWATI, MILYA URFA AHMAD, Chemical characterization of mint (Mentha spp.) germplasm from Central Java, Indonesia , Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity: Vol. 24 No. 8 (2023)
- MUTMAINNATUN NAFIS RABI’ATUN NA’IMAH, ANI KURNIAWATI, KRISANTINI, Comparison of morphological characters, flowering phenology and essential oils of two accessions of Cananga (Cananga odorata var. fruticosa) , Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity: Vol. 25 No. 2 (2024)