Reproduction performance, morphometric and structure population of Kuntu buffalo (Bubalis bubalis Merr) in Kampar District, Riau, Indonesia
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Abstract. Yendraliza, Rodiallah M, Zumarni, Elfawati, Hidayati, Kusnadi. 2021. Reproduction performance, morphometric and structure population of Kuntu buffalo (Bubalis bubalis Merr) in Kampar District, Riau, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 3370-3377. Kuntu buffalo is one of the germplasm of Riau Province. This study aimed was to determine reproduction performance, potential output, population dynamics, and morphometrics of Kuntu buffalo in Kampar Kiri, Indonesia. The research was conducted in July-October 2019 with materials used in the study were 2.746 buffalo and 1.117 buffalo breeders. The research method used was a survey. The respondents from five locations were determined using a purposive sampling technique. The age at first mating of buffalo 42 ± 0.7 months, the S/C 2.6 ± 1.5 times, calving interval 15.3 ± 2.3 months and calving rate 55.59%. The reproductive efficiency of Kuntu buffalo 96.22%, a natural increase of 55.59%, the net replacements rates (male and female) were 289.60% and 446.59%, respectively and potential output of 39.24% was obtained. The population dynamics of the Kuntu buffalo from 2014 to 2019 experienced a growth of 48% with prediction of the population in 2023 is 7.277 heads. The average body size of male and female Kuntu buffalo is small. The conclusion of Kuntu buffalo reproduction is still efficient with the availability of substitute livestock exceeding the need of livestock and the natural increase of Kuntu buffalo population is very high.
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References
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Bindari YR, Shrestha S, Shrestha N, Gaire TN. 2013. Effects of Nutrition on Reproduction: a Review. European Scientific Journal 10(3): 421–429. doi: 10.19044/esj.2014.v10n3p%p.
Budiarto A and Ciptadi G. 2018. The Productivity and Natural Increase of Swamp Buffalo in District Malang. In: IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science; International Ruminant Seminar Eco-friendly livestock Production For Sustainable Agriculture, Diponegoro University, Indonesia. 24 October 2017. doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/119/1/012037.
Chaikhun T, Hengtrakunsin R, De Rensis F, Techakumphu M, Suadsong S. 2012. Reproductive and Dairy Performances of Thai Swamp Buffaloes under Intensive Farm Management. Thai J Vet Med 42(1): 81–85.
Chamdi AN. 2005. Karakteristik Sumberdaya Genetik Ternak Sapi Bali (Bos-bibos banteng) dan Alternatif Pola Konservasinya. Biodiversitas 6(1):. 70–75. doi: 10.13057/biodiv/d060115. [Indonesian]
Ciptadi G, Budiarto A, Wisaptiningsih U. 2014. Reproductive Performance and Success of Artificial Insemination in Indonesian Crossbreed Goats in Research versus Small Holder Farm. American-Eurasian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 8(7):35–38.
Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Health Riau Province. 2019. Laporan Tahunan Dinas Peternakan Dan Kesehatan Hewan Provinsi Riau. Pekanbaru (Indones): Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Health Riau Province.
Dhillod S, Kar D, Patil CS, Sahu S, Singh N. 2017. Study of the dairy characters of lactating Murrah buffaloes on the basis of body parts measurements. Veterinary World 10(1): 17–21. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2017.17-21.
Fioretti M, Negrini R, Biffani S, Quaglia A, Valentini A, Nardone A. 2020. Demographic structure and population dynamics of Maremmana cattle local breed after 35 years of traditional selection. Livestock Science 232(4): 1-9. doi: 10.1016/j.livsci.2019.103903.
Gunawan A, Sari R, Parwoto Y and Uddin M. 2011. Non genetic factors effect on reproductive performance and preweaning mortality from artificially and naturally bred in Bali Cattle. Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture 36(2): 83–90.
Kathiravan P, Kataria RS, Mishra BP, Dubey PK, Sadana DK, Joshi BK. 2011. Population structure and phylogeography of Toda buffalo in Nilgiris throw light on possible origin of aboriginal Toda tribe of South India. Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics 128(4): 295–304. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0388.2011.00921.x.
Khan M, Saleem M, Rahim I, Khan H. 2014. Assessment of morphometric, productive and reproductive characteristics of Azikheli Buffalo in Swat valley in Northern Pakistan. LIfe Science Site 11(12): 1–8.
Komariah K., Kartiarso K. and Lita M. 2014. Produktifitas Kerbau Rawa Di Kecamatan Muara Muantai, Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara, Kalimantan Timur. Buletin Peternakan 38(3): 174–181. [Indonesian]
Kusuma SB, Ngadiyono N and Sumadi S. 2017. Estimasi Dinamika Populasi Dan Penampilan Reproduksi Sapi Peranakan Ongole Di Kabupaten Kebumen Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Buletin Peternakan 41(3): 230–242. doi: 10.21059/buletinpeternak.v41i3.13618. [Indonesian]
Marques LC, Matos AS, Costa JS, Silva CS, Camargo Junior RNC, McManus C, Peripolli V, Aroujo CV, Laureano MMM, Sales RL, Marques JRF. 2020. Productive characteristics in dairy buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) in the Eastern Amazon. Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e Zootecnia 72(3): 947–954. doi: 10.1590/1678-4162-11288.
Meena BS, Verma HC and Singh A. 2016. Farmers’ knowledge on productive and reproductive performances of buffalo under smallholder farming system. Buffalo Bulletin 35(1): 101–108.
Nafiu LO, Saili T and Bain A. 2015. Morfometric Portrait of Swamp Buffalo in Bombana. In: Proceeding of International Seminar 'Improving Tropical Animal Production for Food Security, Universitas Halu Oleo, Kendari, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. 3-5 November 2015.
Putra DE, Anwar S and Afriani T. 2017. The Estimation Potential Livestock Breeding Of Buffalo In Ulakan Tapakis District, Padang Pariaman Regency, West Sumatra Pr. Jurnal Veteriner 18(4): 624. doi: 10.19087/jveteriner.2017.18.4.624.
Putra DE, Sumadi S and Hartatik T. 2015. Estimasi Output Sapi Potong di Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Jurnal Peternakan Indonesia 17(2): 105. doi: 10.25077/jpi.17.2.105-115.2015.
Rohyan J, Sutopo and Kurnianto E. 2016. Population Dynamics on Ongole Grade Cattle in Kebumen Regency-Central Java Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture 41(4): 224–232. doi: 10.14710/jitaa.41.4.224-232.
Rusdin M, Solihin DD, Gunawan A, Talib C, Sumantri C. 2020. Genetic Variation of Eight Indonesian Swamp-Buffalo Populations Based on Cytochrome b Gene Marker. Tropical Animal Science Journal 43(1): 1–10. doi: 10.5398/tasj.2020.43.1.1.
Said S, Putra WPB, Anwar S, Agung PP, Yuhani H. 2017. Phenotypic, morphometric characterization and population structure of Pasundan cattle at West Java Indonesia. Biodiversitas 18(4): 1638–1645. doi: 10.13057/biodiv/d180444.
Samberi K, Ngadiyono YN and Sumadi. 2010. Estimasi dinamika populasi dan produktivitas sapi Bali di Kabupaten Kepulauan Yapen, Propinsi Papua. Buletin Peternakan 34(3): 169–177.
Sumadi. 2001. Estimasi Dinamika Populasi dan Output Kambing Peranakan Ettawah di Kabupaten Kulon Progo. Buletin Peternakan 25(4): 161–171.
Sumadi S, Fathoni A, Kusuma SB, Hariyono DNH. 2017. The Estimation of Natural Increase , Population Dinamics and Output of Beff Cattle in Klaten Central of Java. In: The 7th International Seminar on Tropical Animal Production, Contribution of Livestock Production on Food Sovereignty in Tropical Countries, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. September 12-14.
Sutarno S and Setyawan AD. 2015. Review: Genetic diversity of local and exotic cattle and their crossbreeding impact on the quality of Indonesian cattle. Biodiversitas 16(2): 327–354. doi: 10.13057/biodiv/d160230.
Yendraliza Y, Rodiallah M, Astuti T, Elfawati. 2020. Reproduction Status and Population Dynamic of Kuantan Cattle in the Kuantan Singingi Regency. Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner 25(4): 162. doi: 10.14334/jitv.v25i4.2541.
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