Ethnopharmacological documentation and molecular authentication of medicinal plants used by the Manobo and Mamanwa tribes of Surigao del Sur, Philippines
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.sidebar##
Issue
Section
Articles
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##
Abstract
Abstract. Ilagan VAD, Alejandro GJD, Paraguison DJB, Perolina SMW, Mendoza GR, Bolina AB, Raterta R, Vales MB, Suarez GJD, Blasco FA. 2022. Ethnopharmacological documentation and molecular authentication of medicinal plants used by the Manobo and Mamanwa tribes of Surigao del Sur, Philippines. Biodiversitas 23: 3185-3202. Mindanao Island is renowned for its rich biodiversity and various ethnolinguistic groups with diverse histories and cultures. The Mamanwa and Manobo live in close proximity, resulting in merging beliefs and cultural practices. This study aims to assess the various medicinal plants using ethnopharmacological indices, determine their relationship to their users, and molecularly confirm unidentifiable plants used by the tribes. Ethnomedicinal data were gathered from 127 key informants representing both tribes through semi-structured interviews. Family Importance Value (FIV) and Use Value (UV) were quantified and revealed a total of 48 species utilized by both tribes belonging to 26 families and 42 genera. These plants are used in 32 diseases within 10 categories, and the most utilized family belongs to Apocynaceae (FIV= 20% for both tribes). Respiratory illness has the greatest contribution to the utilization of medicinal plants (ICF= 0.92, 42%). The most utilized plant part is the leaves and mainly prepared by decoction and administered orally. Integrative molecular confirmation led to the identification of the 5 morphologically unidentifiable plants to be Elaeocarpus serratus Benth., Uncaria lanosa Wall., Aglaonema crispum (J.R. Pitcher & Manda) Nicolson, Canthium tetraphyllum Baill., and Timonous timon (Spreng.) Merr..
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##
References
Abat JK, Kumar S, Mohanty A. 2017. Ethnomedicinal, Phytochemical and Ethnopharmacological Aspects of Four Medicinal Plants of Malvaceae Used in Indian Traditional Medicines: A Review. Medicines (Basel) 4 (4): 75.
Abe R, Ohtani K. 2013. An ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants and traditional therapies on Batan island, the Philippines. J Ethnopharmacol 145: 554–65.
Abubakar AR, Haque M. 2020. Preparation of medicinal plants: basic extraction and fractionation procedures for experimental purposes. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 12 (1): 1-10.
Adam A. 2020. Sample size determination in Survey Research. J Sci Res 26 (5): 90-97.
Adewole KE, Attah AF, Adebayo JO. 2021. Morinda lucida Benth (Rubiaceae): A review of its ethnomedicine, phytochemistry and pharmacology. J Ethnopharmacol 276: 114055.
Al Juhaimi F, Özcan MM, Uslu N. Ghafoor K, Babiker EE, Adiamo IQ, Alsawmahi, O.N. 2018. The effects of conventional heating on phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities of olive leaves. J Food Sci Technol 55 (10): 4204-4211.
Alejandro, G. J. D. (2007). The current status of the Philippine Rubiaceae. Philipp J Syst Biol 1 (1): 47-60.
Ali A, Badshah L, Hussain F. 2018. Ethnobotanical appraisal and conservation status of medicinal plants in Hindukush Range, District Swat, Pakistan. J Herbs and Spices Med Plants 24: 332-355.
Apostol PG, De Los Reyes, M M, Mandia EH, Shen CC, Ragasa CY. 2016. Chemical constituents of Ficus minahassae (Teijsm. & de Vriese) Miq. Der Pharma Chem 8 (20), 220-223.
Attiq A, Jalil J, Husain K. 2017. Annonaceae: Breaking the Wall of Inflammation. Front Pharmacol 8: 752.
Aziz, A., Taha, H., Ismail, N.H., Yusof, F.Z.M., Bakar, M.Z.A., 2016. Therapeutic potential of plant species derived from some Annonaceae genus. Int J Agric For 6 (6): 214–221.
Baddu VD, Ouano NB. 2018. Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used by the Y’Apayaos of Sta. Praxedes in the Province of Cagayan, Philippines. Mindanao J Sci Technol 16 (1): 128-153.
Balacuit C. Quezada E, Abay-abay J, Caluban J, Cedron, L, Corvera L, Cuadrado B, Huerte A, Montenegro G, Portillo G. 2018. Livelihood and training needs of Mamanwa tribe. Int J Curr 10 (9), 73958-73964
Balagadde FK, Song H, Ozaki J, Collins CH, Barnet M, Arnold FH, Quake SR, You L. 2008. A synthetic Escherichia coli predator-prey ecosystem. Mol Syst Biol 4: 187. www.molecularsystemsbiology.com
Balangcod TD, Balangcod AKD. 2011. Ethnomedical knowledge of plants and healthcare practices among the Kalanguya tribe in Tinoc, Ifugao, Luzon, Philippines. Indian J. Tradit 10 (2): 227-238.
Bhadane BS, Patil, MP, Maheshwari VL, & Patil RH. 2018. Ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, and biotechnological advances of family Apocynaceae: A review. Phytother Res 32 (7): 1181–1210.
Blasco FA, De Guzman GQ, Alejandro, GJD. 2014. A survey of ethnomedicinal plants in Surigao del Sur Mountain Range, Philippines. Int J Pure Appl Biosci 2: 166-172.
Boy H, Rutilla AJ, Santos K, Ty AM, Yu A, Mahboob T, Tangpoong J, Nissapatorn V. 2018. Recommended medicinal plants as source of natural products: a review. Digital Chinese Medicine 1 (2): 131-142.
Chase M, Hills H. 1991. Silica gel: an ideal material for preservation of leaf samples for DNA studies. Taxon 40 (2): 215–20.
Chen C, Huang YM, Kuo LY, Nguyen QD, Luu HT, Callado JR, Farrar D, Chiou W.L. 2013. trnL-F is a powerful marker for DNA identification of field vittarioid gametophytes (Pteridaceae). Ann Bot 111 (4): 663-673.
Chen C, Peng X, Chen J, Wan C. 2020. Antioxidant, antifungal activities of ethnobotanical Ficus hirta Vahl. and analysis of main constituents by HPLC-MS. Biomedicines 8 (1): 15.
Chusri S, Siriyong T, Na-Phatthalung P, Voravuthikunchai SP. 2014. Synergistic effects of ethnomedicinal plants of Apocynaceae family and antibiotics against clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii. Asian Pac J Trop Med 7 (6): 456-461.
Corbi P, Massabni A, Costa-Neto C. 2006. Synthesis and characterization of a new platinum (II) complex with L-mimosine. J Coord Chem 58 (16): 1477-1483.
Cordero CS, Ligsay A, & Alejandro GJD. 2020. Ethnobotanical documentation of medicinal plants used by the Ati tribe in Malay, Aklan, Philippines. J Complement Med Res 11 (1): 170-198.
Cordero C. Alejandro GJD. 2021. Medicinal plants used by the indigenous Ati tribe in Tobias Fornier, Antique, Philippines. Biodiversitas 22 (2) 521-536.
Dalisay JAGP, Bangcaya PS, Naive MAK. 2018. Taxonomic studies and ethnomedicinal uses of Zingiberaceae in the Mountain Ranges of Northern Antique, Philippines. Biol Forum 10 (2): 68-73.
Dapar MLG, Meve U, Liede-Schumann S, Alejandro GJD 2020a. Ethnomedicinal appraisal and conservation status of medicinal plants among the Manobo tribe of Bayugan City, Philippines. Biodiversitas 21 (8): 3843-3856.
Dapar MLG, Meve U, Liede-Schumann S, & Alejandro GJD 2020b. Ethnomedicinal plants used for the treatment of cuts and wounds by the Agusan Manobo of Sibagat, Agusan del Sur, Philippines. Ethnobot Res Appl 19 (31): 1-18.
Dapar MLG, Meve U, Liede-Schumann S, Alejandro, GJD. 2020c. Quantitative ethnopharmacological documentation and molecular confirmation of medicinal plants used by the Manobo tribe of Agusan del Sur, Philippines. J Ethnobiol Ethnomedicine 16 (1): 1-60.
Das U, Islam M S. 2019. A review study on different plants in Malvaceae family and their medicinal uses. Am J Biomed Sci 3: 94-97.
Dangarembizi R, Erlwanger KH, Moyo D, Chivandi E. 2012. Phytochemistry, pharmacology and ethnomedicinal uses of Ficus thonningii (Blume Moraceae): a review. African journal of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicines. Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med 10 (2): 203–212.
Davis AP, Govaerts R, Bridson DM, Ruhsam M, Moat J, Brummitt NA. 2009. A Global Assessment of Distribution, Diversity, Endemism, and Taxonomic Effort in the Rubiaceae. Ann Mo Bot Gard 96 (1): 68–78.
Dela Cruz P, Ramos AG. 2006. Indigenous health knowledge systems in the Philippines: a literature survey. Paper presented at the 13th CONSAL Conference, Manila, Philippines. https://catalog.ihsn.org/index.php/citations/6811
Devi NB, Singh PK, Das AK. 2014. Ethnomedicinal Utilization of Zingiberaceae in the Valley Districts of Manipur. IOSR J Environ Sci Toxicol Food Technol 8 (2): 21-23.
Ford J, Gaoue OG. 2017. Alkaloid-poor plant families, Poaceae and Cyperaceae, are over-utilized for medicine in Hawaiian pharmacopoeia. Econ Bot 71: 123–132.
GBIF (2021) GBIF Home Page. https://www.gbif.org
Ghorbani A. Saeedi, Y, de Boer HJ. 2017. Unidentifiable by morphology: DNA barcoding of plant material in local markets in Iran. PLoS One 12 (4): e0175722.
Gómez-Betancur I, Benjumea D. 2014. Traditional use of the genus Renealmia and Renealmia alpinia (Rottb.) Maas (Zingiberaceae)-a review in the treatment of snakebites. Asian Pac J Trop Med 7 (1): S574-S582
Gosadan B, Rayan A. 2018. Influence of Education on the Socio-Cultural and Economic Development among the Manobo of Cotabato, Philippines. IJHSSE 5 (8): 193-202.
Gupta N. 2019. DNA Extraction and Polymerase Chain Reaction. J Cytol 36 (2): 116-117.
Hamzah, B., & Zubair, M. S. (2019). Traditional usages and phytochemical screenings of selected Zingiberaceae from central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Pharmacognosy Journal 11 (3): 505-510.
Hassan, et al. (2017). Determination of informant consensus factor of medicinal plants used as therapy. J Med Plants Stud 5 (4):183-188.
Hosseini SH, Bibak H, Ghara AR, Sahebkar A, Shakeri A. 2021. Ethnobotany of the medicinal plants used by the ethnic communities of Kerman province, Southeast Iran. J Ethnobiology Ethnomedicine 17: 31.
Houdkova M, Albarico G, Doskocil I, Tauchen J, Urbanova K, Tulin E, Kokoska L. 2020. Vapors of Volatile Plant-Derived Products Significantly Affect the Results of Antimicrobial, Antioxidative and Cytotoxicity Microplate-Based Assays. Molecules 25 (24): 6004.
Houdkova M, Doskocil I, Urbanova K, Tulin EKC, Rondevaldova J, Tulin A, Kudera T, Tulin E, Zeleny V, Kokoska L. 2018. Evaluation of Antipneumonic Effect of Philippine Essential Oils Using Broth Microdilution Volatilization Method and Their Lung Fibroblasts Toxicity. Nat Prod Commun 13 (8): 1059-1066.
Indigenous Communities Conserved Territories & Areas. 2015. Against All Odds – ICCA of the Mamanwa Manobo in the Philippines. The Case of the Binantazannga Banwa/Binantajan nu Bubungan. https://www.iccaconsortium.org/wpcontent/uploads/2015/08/example-against-all-ods-mamanwa-manobo
International Plant Names Index. 2021. The International Plant Names Index. https://www.ipni.org
Islam MS, Lucky RA. 2019. A study on different plants of Apocynaceae family and their medicinal uses. J Pharm Res 4 (1): 40-44.
Johnson, M. & Ennos, R. 2018. Statistical and Data Handling Skills in Biology. Pearson United Kingdom, London.
Joven AE. 2012. Colonial adaptations in tropical Asia: Spanish medicine in the Philippines in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Asian Cult Stud, 171-186.
Kala, S. C. (2015). Medicinal attributes of family Rubiaceae. International Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Science, 5 (2), 179-181.
Karou SD, Tchacondo T, Ilboudo DP, Simpore J. 2011. Sub-Saharan Rubiaceae: a review of their traditional uses, phytochemistry and biological activities. Pak J Biol Sci 14 (3):149-69.
Karunamoorthi K, Jegajeevanram K, Vijayalakshmi J, Mengistie E. 2013. Traditional medicinal plants: a source of phyto therapeutic modality in resource constrained health care settings. Evid. Based Complementary Altern 18 (1): 67-74.
Kool A, de Boer HJ, Krüger Å, Rydberg A, Abbad A. 2012. Molecular Identification of Commercialized Medicinal Plants in Southern Morocco. PLoS One 7 (6): e39459.
Kress WJ, Prince LM, Williams KJ. 2002. The phylogeny and a new classification of the gingers (Zingiberaceae): evidence from molecular data. Am J Bot 89 (10): 1682-1696.
Kurek P, Steppa R, Grzywaczewski G, Tryjanowski P. 2016. The silence of the lambs? Plant diversity in abandoned sheep pens. Plant Soil Environ 62 (1): 1-8.
Lautié E, Russo O, Ducrot P, Boutin J A 2020. Unraveling plant natural chemical diversity for drug discovery purposes. Front Pharmacol 11: 397.
Madulid DA. 2001. A dictionary of Philippines plant names. Vol. I: local name-scientific name. Vol. II: scientific name-local name. Bookmark, Makati.
Mamedov N. 2012. Medicinal plants studies: history, challenges and prospective. J Medicinal Aromat Plants 1 (8): e133
Martins D, Nunez CV. 2015. Secondary metabolites from Rubiaceae species. Molecules 20 (7), 13422-13495.
Meiklejohn K, Damaso N, Robertson J. 2019. Assessment of BOLD and GenBank – Their accuracy and reliability for the identification of biological materials. PLoS One 14 (6), e0217084.
Mendoza R. 2009. Is it really medicine? The traditional and alternative medicine act and informal health economy in the Philippines. Asia Pac J Public Health 21 (3): 333-345.
Mitchell AS. 1982. Economic aspects of the Malvaceae in Australia. Econ Bot 36 (3): 313-322.
Montero JC, Geducos DT. 2021. Ethnomedicinal plants used by the local folks in two selected villages of San Miguel, Surigao del Sur, Mindanao, Philippines. Int J Agric 17 (1): 193-1212
Naive MAK, Dalisay JAG, Maglangit EP, Cafe GCF, Nuneza O. 2019. Free radical scavenging effects of the Philippine endemic medicinal plant Alpinia elegans (Zingiberaceae). Gard Bull (Singapore) 71 (2): 435–444.
National Commission on Indigenous Peoples. 2013. Indigenous Peoples Master Plan (2012-2016). https://www.ombudsman.gov.ph/UNDP4/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/Indigenous-Peoples-Master-Plan-2012-2016.pdf
Newman DJ, Cragg GM. 2012. Natural products as sources of new drugs over the 30 years from 1981 to 2010. J Nat Prod 75 (3): 311-335.
Nguyen BCQ, Taira N, Tawata S. 2014. Several herbal compounds in Okinawa plants directly inhibit the oncogenic/aging kinase PAK1. Drug Discov Ther 8 (6), 238-244.
Novaryatiin S, Mulyani E. 2018. Antibacterial Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Sangkareho (Callicarpa longifolia Lam.) against Staphylococcus epidermidis. Borneo J Pharm 1(2), 85-88.
Okoegwale, E. E., & Omefezi, J. U. 2001. Some herbal preparations among the people of Isoko Clan of Delta State, Nigeria. J Appl Sci 4: 2350-2371.
Olowa LF, Torres MAJ, Aranico EC, Demayo CG. 2012. Medicinal plants used by the Higaonon tribe of Rogongon, Iligan City, Mindanao, Philippines. Adv Environ Biol 6 (4): 1442-1450.
Omoto K. 2016. The first People of the Philippines: The Genetic origins of the Mamanwa and their contributions to the Formation of early Filipino Civilization, Escalon Man and Issues of Human Rights of Hunter-Gatherers. Surigaonon Heritage Center and Museo Nan Surigao. Surigao City, Philippines
Pang X, Liu, Chang S, Linchun L, Rui L, Dong L, Huan C, Stacey S, Chen, S, Hörandl E. 2012. Utility of the trnH–psbA Intergenic Spacer Region and Its Combinations as Plant DNA Barcodes: A Meta-Analysis. PLoS One 7 (11), e48833.
Paraguison LD, Tandang DN, Alejandro GJD. 2020. Medicinal Plants used by the Manobo Tribe of Prosperidad, Agusan Del Sur, Philippines: an Ethnobotanical Survey. Asian j biol life sci 9 (3): 327.
Pelser PB, Barcelona JF, Nickrent DL. 2011. Co's digital flora of the Philippines. www.philippineplants.org
Petrovska BB. 2012. Historical review of medicinal plants’ usage. Pharmacogn Rev 6 (11): 1.
Phillips O, Gentry AH. 1993. The useful plants of Tambopata, Peru: I. statistical hypothesis tests with a new quantitative technique. Econ Bot 47: 15–32.
Phumthum M, Balslev H, Barfod AS. 2019. Important Medicinal Plant Families in Thailand. Front Pharmacol 10: 1125.
Pizon JRL, Nuñeza OM, Uy MM, Senarath, WTPSK. 2016. Ethnobotany of medicinal plants used by the Subanen tribe of Lapuyan, Zamboanga del Sur. Bull Env Pharmacol 5 (5), 53-67.
Principe EB, Jose AS. 2002. Propagation management of herbal and medicinal plants. RISE, 14 (2): 1-12.
Rahman AHMM, Akter M. 2015. Taxonomy and traditional medicinal uses of apocynaceae (Dogbane) family of Rajshahi District, Bangladesh. Int J Bot Stud 4 (4): 1-12.
Rashmi T, Murali S, Mannancheril F. 2016. ITS2 is an ideal barcode to infer the phylogenetic relationships in Artemisia spp. Int J Biosci 5(3): 25-32.
Reyes C, Mina C. Asis R. 2017. Inequality of opportunities among ethnic groups in the Philippines. UNU-WIDER 2017 154: 380-386.
Sabandar CW, Jalil J, Ahmat N, Aladdin NA. 2017. Medicinal uses, chemistry and pharmacology of Dillenia species (Dilleniaceae). Phytochemistry 134: 6-25.
Souza E, Williamson E, Hawkins J. 2018. Which Plants Used in Ethnomedicine Are Characterized? Phylogenetic Patterns in Traditional Use Related to Research Effort. Front Plant Sci 9: 834.
Subramanian SS, Nair AR, Vedantham TNC. 1974. Terpenoids and flavones of Callicarpa macrophylla and C. longifolia. Phytochemistry 13 (1): 306-307.
Süntar I. 2019. Importance of ethnopharmacological studies in drug discovery: role of medicinal plants. Phytochem Rev 19 (12): 1-11.
Syamsul ES, Andani F, Soemarie YB. 2016. Analgesic activity study of ethanolic extract of callicarpa longifolia lamk. in mice. Maj Obat Trad 21 (2): 99-103.
Tantengco OAG, Condes MLC, Estadilla HHT, Ragragio EM. 2018. Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used by Ayta communities in Dinalupihan, Bataan, Philippines. Pharmacogn Mag 10 (5): 859-870.
Techen N., Parveen I., Pan Z., & Khan I.A. 2014. DNA barcoding of medicinal plant material for identification. Curr Opin Biotechnol, 25: 103–10.
The Plant List. 2021. The Plant List Version 1.1. 2013. http://www.theplantlist.org/
Tropicos. (2021). Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved from http://www.tropicos.org
Tu Y, Sun L, Guo M, Chen W. 2013. The medicinal uses of Callicarpa L. in traditional Chinese medicine: An ethnopharmacological, phytochemical and pharmacological review. J Ethnopharmacol 146 (2): 465–481.
Upadhyay, A., Chompoo, J., Kishimoto, W., Makise, T., & Tawata, S. 2011. HIV-1 integrase and neuraminidase inhibitors from Alpinia zerumbet. J Agric Food Chem 59 (7): 2857-2862.
Wiart C. 2006. Medicinal Plants of Asia and the Pacific. CRC Press, Boca Raton.
World Flora Online. 2021. World Flora Online. Retrieved from http://www.worldfloraonline.org
World Health Organization. 2021. “ICD-11 for Mortality and Morbidity Statistics”. Version: 09/2020. https://icd.who.int/browse11/l-m/en
Xu Z, Deng M. 2017. Identification and Control of Common Weeds: Volume 2. Springer, Amsterdam.
Yang Y, Ross J. 2010. Chinese Herbal Formulas: Treatment Principles and Composition Strategies. Churchill Livingstone, London.
Yu X, Xie Z, Wu J, Ta J, Xu X. 2016. DNA barcoding identification of kadsurae caulis and spatholobi caulis based on internal transcribed spacer 2 region and secondary structure prediction. Pharmacogn 12 (Suppl2): S165-9.
Yulita K. 2013. Secondary Structures of Chloroplast trnL Intron in Dipterocarpaceae and its Implication for the Phylogenetic Reconstruction. J Biosci 20 (1): 31-39.
Zhao S, Chen X, Song J, Pang X, Chen S. 2015. Internal transcribed spacer 2 barcode: a good tool for identifying Acanthopanacis cortex. Front Plant Sci, 6: 840.
Zoghbi MG, Andrade EH, Maia JG. 1999. Volatile constituents from leaves and flowers of Alpinia speciosa K. Schum. and A. purpurata (Viell.) Schum. Flavour Fragr J 14: 411-414.
Most read articles by the same author(s)
- CECILIA S. CORDERO, GRECEBIO JONATHAN D. ALEJANDRO, Medicinal plants used by the indigenous Ati tribe in Tobias Fornier, Antique, Philippines , Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity: Vol. 22 No. 2 (2021)
- MARK LLOYD G. DAPAR, ULRICH MEVE, SIGRID LIEDE-SCHUMANN, GRECEBIO JONATHAN D. ALEJANDRO, Ethnomedicinal appraisal and conservation status of medicinal plants among the Manobo tribe of Bayugan City, Philippines , Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity: Vol. 21 No. 8 (2020)
- MAE ANN R. BATUYONG, MICHAEL A. CALARAMO, GRECEBIO JONATHAN D. ALEJANDRO, Inventory of Rubiaceae species in Mt. Pao Range, Ilocos Norte, Northwestern Luzon, Philippines , Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity: Vol. 22 No. 8 (2021)
- MAE ANN R. BATUYONG, MICHAEL A. CALARAMO, GRECEBIO JONATHAN D. ALEJANDRO, A checklist and conservation status of vascular plants in the Limestone forest of Metropolitan Ilocos Norte Watershed Forest Reserve, Northwestern Luzon, Philippines , Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity: Vol. 21 No. 9 (2020)
- RACHEL D. BIAG, GRECEBIO JONATHAN D. ALEJANDRO, Diversity, distribution, and conservation status of Rubiaceae species in Peñablanca Protected Landscape and Seascape, Luzon, Philippines , Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity: Vol. 22 No. 9 (2021)
- RACHEL D. BIAG, GRECEBIO JONATHAN D. ALEJANDRO, Short Communication: Rediscovery of Psychotria species, subspecies, and varieties collected in the 1990s and new records of Antirhea benguetensis (Elmer) Valeton and Ixora longifolia Smith (Rubiaceae) in Northern Sierra Madre Natural Park, Luzon, Philipp , Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity: Vol. 21 No. 10 (2020)
- ANNE RETUERMA-DIONEDA, GRECEBIO JONATHAN D. ALEJANDRO, Inventory of Annonaceae in Abasig-Matogdon-Mananap Natural Biotic Area, Camarines Norte, Bicol, Philippines , Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity: Vol. 23 No. 4 (2022)
- JENNIFER S. DANILA, GRECEBIO JONATHAN D. ALEJANDRO, Pollen morphology and infrageneric classification of selected Callicarpa species (Lamiaceae) from the Philippines and Borneo , Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity: Vol. 21 No. 12 (2020)
- JENNIFER S. DANILA, GRECEBIO JONATHAN D. ALEJANDRO, Leaf geometric morphometric analyses of Callicarpa and Geunsia (Lamiaceae) in the Malesian region , Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity: Vol. 22 No. 10 (2021)