Production potential of sago forests in different habitat types in Sentani watershed, Papua, Indonesia
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##
Abstract
Abstract. Dimara PA, Purwanto RH, Auri A, Angrianto R, Mofu WY. 2023. Production potential of sago forests in different habitat types in Sentani watershed, Papua, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 3924-3931. Sago possesses a substantial carbohydrate content, rendering it a promising alternative for ensuring food security. This study aimed to assess the potential for sago production in Sentani watershed, Papua Province, Indonesia across diverse growing environments, namely dryland, temporarily flooded, and prolonged flooded habitats. This research combined spatial analysis and field-based study. Spatial analysis utilized Landsat 8 satellite imagery from the year of 2021 analyzed using supervised classification and overlay methods to differentiate sago habitat types. Field study used the combination of line transect and systematic circular plot methods to assess the structure and composition of sago vegetation. Field study also determined starch yield of sago plant by felling the plant and extracting the starch. The results showed that there are 13 local sago varieties according to the Sentani language, namely ebhesum, folo, hobholo, manno, phane, phara, rondo, ruruna, osukhulu, wani, yakhalobe, yakhe,
and yebha. Sago plants growing on dryland, temporarily flooded, and prolonged flooded habitats covered an area of 1,246.35 ha (15.89%), 4,820.49 ha (61.46%), and 1,775.92 ha (22.64%), respectively. The plant grew in clumps with 10, 13, and 8 varieties in the dryland, temporarily flooded, and prolonged flooded habitats, respectively. The total starch production reached 13,999.57 tons.year-1with production in dryland, temporarily, and prolonged flooded habitats amounting to 2,132.88 tons.year-1, 1,031.39 tons.year-1, and 1,335.31 tons.year-1, respectively. Meanwhile, the areas with the highest starch production were West Sentani, Sentani, and Waibu Sub-districts for the dry, temporary, and flooded habitats. Our findings suggest that two sago varieties, namely pharaand yebha, are recommended for cultivation because they are more adaptive and have high starch yield compared to other sago varieties.
and yebha. Sago plants growing on dryland, temporarily flooded, and prolonged flooded habitats covered an area of 1,246.35 ha (15.89%), 4,820.49 ha (61.46%), and 1,775.92 ha (22.64%), respectively. The plant grew in clumps with 10, 13, and 8 varieties in the dryland, temporarily flooded, and prolonged flooded habitats, respectively. The total starch production reached 13,999.57 tons.year-1with production in dryland, temporarily, and prolonged flooded habitats amounting to 2,132.88 tons.year-1, 1,031.39 tons.year-1, and 1,335.31 tons.year-1, respectively. Meanwhile, the areas with the highest starch production were West Sentani, Sentani, and Waibu Sub-districts for the dry, temporary, and flooded habitats. Our findings suggest that two sago varieties, namely pharaand yebha, are recommended for cultivation because they are more adaptive and have high starch yield compared to other sago varieties.
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##
References
Abbas B, Ihwan T, Munarti. 2020. Genetic diversity of sago palm (Metroxylon sagu) accessions based on plastid cpDNA matK gene as DNA barcoding. Biodiversitas 21 (1): 219-225. DOI:10.13057/biodiv/d210128
Anugoolprasert O, Shina K, Hitoshi N, Masafumi S, Hiroshi E. 2012. Effect of Low pH on the Growth, Physiological Characteristics and Nutrient Absorption of Sago Palm in a Hydroponic System. Plant Prod. Sci. 15 (2): 125?131. DOI:10.1626/pps.15.125
Arland S, Emy S, Muhammad I. 2018. Studi penerapan metode pohon contoh (tree sampling) dalam pendugaan potensi tegakan hutan tanaman ekaliptus. Wahana forestra: jurnal kehutanan 13 (2): 132-143. DOI: 10.31849/forestra.v13i2.1567
Azhar A, Daigo M, Hitoshi N, Hiroshi E. 2018. Photosynthesis of sago palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) seedlings at different air temperatures. MDPI Agric 8 (4): 1-10. DOI: 10.3390/agriculture8010004.
Azhar A, Daigo M, Hitoshi N, Hiroshi E. 2020a. Evaluating sago palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) photosynthetic performance in waterlogged conditions: utilizing pulse-amplitude modulated (PAM) fluorometry as a waterlogging stress indicator. J Saudi Soc Agric Sci 19 (1): 37- 42. DOI: 10.1016/j.jssas.2018.05.004.
Azhar A, Daigo M, Hitoshi N, Koki A, Mai T, Saeka U, Rena T, Barahima A, Hiroshi E. 2020b. Sago palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) response to drought condition in terms of leaf gas exchange and chlorophyll a fluorescence. Plant Production Science, 1-8. DOI: 10.1080/1343943X.2020. 1794914
Bujang K. 2018. Production, purification, and health benefits of sago sugar. In H. Ehara, Y. Toyoda, & D. V. Johnson (Eds.). Sago palm: Multiple contributions to food security and sustainable livelihoods (pp. 299–307). Singapore: Springer Nature.
Crausbay SD and Martin PH.2016. Natural disturbance, vegetation patterns and ecological dynamics in tropical montane forests. J Trop Ecol 32:384–403. DOI: 10.1017/S0266467416000328
Dimara PA, Purwanto RH, Sunarta S, Wardhana W. 2021. The spatial distribution of sago palm landscape Sentani watershed in Jayapura District, Papua Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22 (9): 3811-3820. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220926
Dimara PA, Auri A. 2023. Effect of landform on the Distribution of Metroxilon sagu habitat in Yapen Island, Papua Province, Indonesia. J. Sylva Lestari 11(1): 79-97. DOI: 10.23960/jsl.v11i1.633
Dewi RK, Bintoro MH, Sudrajat. 2016. Morphological characteristics and yield potential of sago palm (Metroxylon spp.) accessions in South Sorong District, West Papua. J Agron Indonesia 44: 91-97. DOI: 10.24831/jai.v44i1.12508.
Ehara H, Toyoda Y, Johnson DV. 2018. Sago palm: Multiple contributions to food security and sustainable livelihoods. Singapore: Springer Nature.
Fathnoer V, Bintoro MH, Iskandar L. 2020. Assessment of Morphological Attributes of Sago Palm Accessions of Aimas, Sorong, West Papua, Indonesia. Journal of Tropical Crop Science 7 (1): 7-13. DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.7.01.7-14
Hasibuan HS, Waromi LF, Utomo SW. 2018. Sustainable food security strategy: Study of land suitability of rice and sago commodity in Kampong Wapeko, Merauke District, Papua Province, Indonesia. Paper presented at the E3S Web of Conferences, 68. DOI:10.1051/e3sconf/20186804008.
Hussain H, Kamal MM, Al Obaidi JR, Hamdin NE, Ngaini Z, Yusuf YM. 2019. Proteomics of Sago Palm Towards Identifying Contributory Proteins in Stress Tolerant Cultivar. The Protein Journal, 1 – 11. DOI: 10.1007/s10930-019-09878-9.
Konuma H. 2018. Status and Outlook of Global Food Security and the Role of Underutilized Food Resources: Sago Palm. In: Hiroshi Ehara, Yukio Toyoda, and Dennis V. Johnson (eds.). Sago Palm: Multiple Contribution to Food Security and Sustainable Livelihoods. Springer Open. Tokyo, Japan: 3-16.
Lim LWK, Chung HH, Hussain H, Bujang K. 2019. Sago palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.): now and beyond. Pertan. J. Trop. Agric. Sci. 42 (2), 435–451. DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2020. 100662
Lim LWK, Chung HH. 2020. Salt tolerance research in sago palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.): Past, present and future perspectives. Pertan. J. Trop. Agric. Sci. 43 (2), 91–105.
Lilleleht A, Sims A, Pommerening A. 2014. Spatial forest structure reconstruction as a strategy for mitigating edge-bias in circular monitoring plots. Forest Ecology and Management 316: 47-53. DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.08.039
Louhenapessy J. E, Luhukay M, Talakua S, Salampessy H, Riry J. 2010. Sagu: Harapan dan Tantangan. Bumi Aksara, Jakarta.
Matanubun H., 2015. Folk Taxonomy of Sago Palm Varieties Around Sentani Lake, Jayapura, Papua Province, Indonesia. Proceedings of the 12th International Sago Symposium. Manokwari, 15 – 16 September 2015.
Miyazaki A, Daisuke W, Yoshinori Y, Tetsushi Y, Fransiscus SR, Yulius BP, and Foh shoon J. 2016. Comparison of Root Development in Sago Palm of Different Ages, Regions and Folk Varieties. Trop. Agr. Develop. 60?3):179 ? 184. DOI: 10.11248/jsta.60.179
Miyazaki A, Tetsushi Y, Yoshinori Y, Yayoi C, Fransiscus SR, Yulius BP, Foh Shoon J. 2011. Effect of Plant Aging on Root Development of Sago Palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) Grown in Tebing Tinggi Island, Riau Province and in Kendari, Southeast Sulawesi in Indonesia. Trop. Agr. Develop. 55?3):103-107. DOI: 10.11248/jsta.55.103
Muhidin, Sitti L, Syamsu A. Teguh W. 2016. Comparative studies on different agroecosystem base on soil physicochemical properties to development of sago palm on dry land. Intl J Chem Tech Res 9 (08):511-518.
Morrison C, Isaac R, Dick W. 2012. Conservation and Management of the Endangered Fiji Sago Palm, Metroxylon Vitiense, in Fiji. Environmental Management 49:929-941. DOI: 10.1007/s00267-012-9836-3.
Normand AE, Smith AN, Clark MW, Long JR, Reddy KR. 2017. Chemical composition of soil organic matter in a subarctic peatland: Influence of shifting vegetation communities. Soil science society of America Journal, 81:41-49. DOI: 10.2136/sssaj2016.05.0148
Okazaki M, Kimura SD. Ecology of the sago palm. In The Sago Palm: The Food and Environmental Challenges of the 21st Century; The Society of Sago Palm Studies, Ed.; Kyoto University Press: Kyoto, Japan, 2015; pp. 41–60.
Riyanto R, Imam W, Barahima A. 2018. Morphology, growth and genetic variations of sago palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb) seedlings derived from seeds. Biodiversitas vol.19 (2): 682-688. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d190241.
USGS, 2017. Landsat Collection 1 Level 1 Product Definition In: Survey, D.o.t.I.U.S.G. (Ed.). USGS, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA.
Yamamoto Y, Tetsushi Y, Isamu Y, Febby JP, Willem AS, Foh Shoon J, Yulius BP, Akira M, Tomoko H, Kazuko H. 2020a. Studies on Growth Characteristics and Starch Productivity of the Sago Palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) Folk Varieties in Seram and Ambon Islands, Maluku, Indonesia. Trop. Agr. Develop. 64 (3):125-134. DOI: 10.11248/jsta.64.125
Yamamoto Y, Kazuo K, Tetsushi Y, Akira M, Foh Shoon J, Yulius BP, Hubertus M, Fransiscus SR, Nicholus, Jermia L. 2020b. Growth characteristics and starch productivity of folk varieties of sago palm around Lake Sentani near Jayapura, Papua State, Indonesia. Trop. Agr. Develop. 64:23-33. DOI: 10.11248/jsta.64.23
Yamamoto Y, Kazuo K, Tetsushi Y, Akira M, Foh Shoon J, Yulius BP, Hubertus M, Fransiscus SR, Nicholus, Jermia L. 2020c. Changes in Leaf and Trunk Characteristics Related to Starch Yield with Age in Two Sago Palm Folk Varieties Grown near Jayapura, Papua, Indonesia. Trop. Agr. Develop. 64 (2): 61-71. DOI: 10.11248/jsta.64.61
Yater T, Herman WT, Cipta M, Baharima A. 2019. A comparative study of phenotypes and starch production in sago palm (Metroxylon sagu) growing naturally in temporarily inundated and noninundated areas of South Sorong, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20 (4): 1121-1126. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200425.
Most read articles by the same author(s)
- AMILDA AURI, ENY FARIDAH, SUMARDI, SURYO HARDIWINOTO, The effect of crown pruning and induction of Acremonium sp. on agarwood formation in Gyrinops caudata in West Papua, Indonesia , Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity: Vol. 22 No. 7 (2021)
- BUDI MULYANA, RIS HADI PURWANTO, PUSPITA INTAN SARI, MUHAMAD FAQIH HIDAYATULLAH, AFNI ATIKA MARPAUNG, ILHAM SATRIA RADITYA PUTRA, AGIK DWIKA PUTRA, The environmental services of Pangarengan mangrove forest in Cirebon, Indonesia: conserving biodiversity and storing carbon , Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity: Vol. 22 No. 12 (2021)
- RIS HADI PURWANTO, BUDI MULYANA, RYAN ADI SATRIA, EMAD HASSAN ELAWAD YASIN, ILHAM SATRIA RADITYA PUTRA, AGIK DWIKA PUTRA, Spatial distribution of mangrove vegetation species, salinity, and mud thickness in mangrove forest in Pangarengan, Cirebon, Indonesia , Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity: Vol. 23 No. 3 (2022)
- PETRUS ABRAHAM DIMARA, RIS HADI PURWANTO, SIGIT SUNARTA, The spatial distribution of sago palm landscape Sentani watershed in Jayapura District, Papua Province, Indonesia , Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity: Vol. 22 No. 9 (2021)
- FRANSISKUS XAVERIUS DAKO, RIS HADI PURWANTO, LIES RAHAYU W. FAIDA, SUMARDI, Community’s social capital in the management of Mutis Timau Protected Forest in Timor Island, Indonesia , Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity: Vol. 20 No. 8 (2019)
- LUSIA SULO MARIMPAN, RIS HADI PURWANTO, WAHYU WARDHANA, SUMARDI SUMARDI, Carbon storage potential of Eucalyptus urophylla at several density levels and forest management types in dry land ecosystems , Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity: Vol. 23 No. 6 (2022)
- JACOB KAILOLA, RIS HADI PURWANTO, SUMARDI, LIES RAHAYU W FAIDA, Assessing social capital in community forest management in the Mount Hamiding Protection Forest, North Halmahera District, North Maluku, Indonesia , Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity: Vol. 24 No. 1 (2023)
- YUBELINCE Y. RUNTUBOI, DINA ARUNG PADANG, MARIANA H. PEDAY, AGUSTINA Y. S. AROBAYA, ANTONI UNGIRWALU, AMILDA AURI, PETRUS A. DIMARA, CICILIA M.E. SUSANTI, NOVITA PANAMBE, NITHANEL M.H. BENU, The indigenous art of orchid noken making by the Mee Tribe in the highland of Central Mountains, Indonesian Papua , Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity: Vol. 24 No. 7 (2023)