Selection of drought-tolerant local rice cultivars from East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia during vegetative stage
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YUSTINA CAROLINA FEBRIANTI SALSINHA
http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4388-1920
DIDIK INDRADEWA
YEKTI ASIH PURWESTRI
DIAH RACHMAWATI
♥
Abstract
Abstract. Salsinha Y C F, Indradewa D, Purwestri Y A, Rachmawati D. 2020. Selection of drought-tolerant local rice cultivars from East Nusa Tenggara during vegetative stage. Biodiversitas 21: 170-178. East Nusa Tenggara (NTT), with the predominance of dry climate, has the potential of the plant with high tolerance to drought. This research was conducted to select drought-tolerant rice cultivars. There were eight NTT-rice cultivars tested: Pak morin (P1), Mapan (P2), Pak Mutin (P3), Gogo Fatuhao (P4), Seratus-malam Boawae (P5), Padi-Putih Kuatnana (P6), Padi-Putih Maumere (P7) and Gogo Sikka (P8) with 2 control cultivars tested: Ciherang (drought- susceptible) and IR-64 (drought tolerant). The treatment included were 100% FC (control), 50% FC (moderate) and 25% FC (severe drought) during vegetative stage. The morphological analysis of plant (plant height, number of leaves and tillers and root architecture) showed cultivars P1, P5 and P6 possess the best characteristics for tolerating drought. The physiological analysis (plant photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2-concentration, and transpiration rate) showed cultivar P5 and P6 possess the best characteristics for tolerating drought. The high levels of chlorophyll and carotenoid contents during drought conditions were observed in P5, P6, and P7 cultivars. Based on the relative water content, membrane stability index and proline levels, highest-resistance cultivar was P5 and P7 while the cultivar with high sensitivity to drought stress was P3. Based on the morphophysiological characteristics, it can be concluded that P5, P6, and P7 cultivar have the potential as drought-tolerant rice.
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References
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Usman M., Raheem Z.F., Ahsan T., Iqbal A., Sarfaraz Z.N., Haq Z. 2013. Morphological, physiological, and biochemical attributes as indicators for drought tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Eur J Biol Sci. 5(1): 23-38.
Yang, Y., Guan H., Batelaan O., McVicar T.R., Long D., Piao S., Liang W., Liu B., Jin Z., Simmons C.T. 2016. Contrasting responses of water use efficiency to drought across global terrestrial ecosystems. Scientific Reports. 6: (23284) DOI: 10.1038/srep23284
Ashraf, M., Foolad M.R. 2007. Roles of glycine betaine and proline in improving plant Abiotic Stress Resistance. Environm. Exp.Bot. 59: 206-216.
Bajji M., Kinet J-M., Luuts S. 2002. The use of the electrolyte leakage method for assessing cell membrane stability as a water stress tolerance test in durum wheat. Plant Growth Regulation 36(1):61-70.
Bates, L.S., Waldran R.P., Teare I.D. 1973. Rapid determination of free proline for water-stress studies. Plant soil 39: 205.
Blokhina O., Virolainen E., Fagerstedt K.V. 2003. Antioxidants, oxidative damage and oxygen deprivation stress: A review. Annals of Botany. 91: 179–194.
Bunnag, S., Pongthai P. 2013. Selection of rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars tolerant to drought stress at the vegetative stage under field conditions. Am J Plant Sci. 4(9): 1701-1708.
Cabello, J.V., Lodeyro A.F., Zurbriggen M.D. 2013. Novel perspectives for the engineering of abiotic stress tolerance in plants. Curr Opin Biotechnol. 26:62-70.
Garcia-Sanchez, F., Syvertsen J.P., Gimeno V., Botia P., Perez-Perez J.G. 2007. Responses to flooding and drought stress by two citrus rootstock seedlings with different water use efficiency. Physiol. Plant. 130, 532–542.
Guo, P., Baum M., Grando S., Ceccarelli S., Bai G., Li R., von Korff M., Varshney R. K., Graner A. and Valkoun J. 2009. Differentially expressed genes between drought-tolerant and drought-sensitive barley genotypes in response to drought stress during the reproductive stage. Journal of Experimental Botany. 60(12): 3531–3544.
Hsiao T.C., Xu L-K. 2000. Sensitivity of growth of roots versus leaves to water stress: biophysical analysis and relation to water transport. Journal of Experimental Botany 51(350):1595-616
Harborne, J.B. 1984. Phytochemical Methods: A Guide to Modern Technique of Plant Analysis. (2nd ed). Chapman and Hall. London. 19. Pp.37–168.
Hosang, E.Y., Bombo Y., Basuki T. 2016. Keragaman Plasma Nutfah Padi Gogo Lokal Sumba Barat Daya Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur. Bul. Plasma Nutfah 22(2): 93-100.
Jaleel, C.A., Manivannan P., Wahid A., Farooq M., J.Al-Juburi H., Somasundaram R., Panneerselvam R. 2009. Drought Stress In Plants: A Review On Morphological Characteristics And Pigments Composition. Int. J. Agric. Biol., 11: 100–105.
Lakunthod, P., Nounjan N., Siangliw J.L., Toojinda T., Sanitchon, J., Jongdee B., Theerakulpisut P.. 2018. Physiological Responses under Drought Stress of Improved Drought-Tolerant Rice Lines and their Parents. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, 46(2), 679-687. https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha46211188
Lauteri, M., Haworth M., Serraj R., Monteverdi M. C., Centritto M. 2014. Photosynthetic Diffusional Constraints Affect Yield in Drought Stressed Rice Cultivars during Flowering. PloS One. doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0117631
Lum, M.S., Hanafi M.M, Rafii Y.M., Akmar A.S.N. 2014. Effect of drought stress on growth, proline, antioxidant enzyme activity of upland rice. J Anim Plant Sci. 24(5): 1487-1493.
Mishra, S.S., Behera P.K., Panda D. 2019. Genotypic variability for drought tolerance-related morpho-physiological traits among indigenous rice landraces of Jeypore tract of Odisha, India, Journal of Crop Improvement, 33:2, 254-278.
Mullan, D. and Pietragalla J. 2012. Leaf relative water content. In: Pask AJD, Pietragalla J, Mullan D, Reynolds M (eds) Physiological breeding II: A field guide to wheat phenotyping. CIMMYT, Mexico, pp 25–27.
Pandey, V., Shukla A. 2015. Acclimation and Tolerance Strategies of Rice Under Drought Stress. Rice Science. 22(4): 147-161.
Riaz, A., Younis A., Taj A.R., Karim A., Tariq U., Munir S., Riaz S. 2013. Effect of drought stress on growth and flowering of marigold (Tagetes erecta L.). Pakistan Journal of Botany 45: 123-131
Shehab, G.G., Ahmed O.K., El-Beltagi H.S., 2010, Effects of various chemical agents for alleviation of drought stress in rice plants (Oryza sativa L.), Not. Bot. Hort. Agrobot. Cluj, 38 (1): 139-148
Siddique, M.R.B., Hamid A., Islam M.S. 2000. Drought stress effects on water relations of wheat. Bot. Bull. Acad. Sin., 41: 35-39.
Singh, B., Redddy K.R., Redona E.D, Walker T. 2017. Screening of Rice Cultivars for Morpho-physiological Responses to Early Season Soil Moisture Stress. Rice Science, 24(5): 322-335.
Swapna, S., Shylaraj K.S., 2017. Screening for Osmotic Stress Responses in Rice Varieties under Drought Condition. Rice Science. 24(5): 253-263.
Taiz, L., Zeiger E. 2002. Plant Physiology 2nd ed. The Benjamin/Cummings Publisher. California.
Usman M., Raheem Z.F., Ahsan T., Iqbal A., Sarfaraz Z.N., Haq Z. 2013. Morphological, physiological, and biochemical attributes as indicators for drought tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Eur J Biol Sci. 5(1): 23-38.
Yang, Y., Guan H., Batelaan O., McVicar T.R., Long D., Piao S., Liang W., Liu B., Jin Z., Simmons C.T. 2016. Contrasting responses of water use efficiency to drought across global terrestrial ecosystems. Scientific Reports. 6: (23284) DOI: 10.1038/srep23284
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