Morphometric diversity and phenotypic relationship among indigenous buffaloes of Banten, Indonesia
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Abstract. Murni D, Lestari U, Indriwati SE, Efendi A, Maryani N, Amin M. 2020. Morphometric diversity and phenotypic relationship among indigenous buffaloes of Banten, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 933-940. This study aimed to describe the morphometric diversity and phenotypic relationship among indigenous buffaloes of Banten, Indonesia. In this study, 125 buffaloes from six regions were investigated based on 11 morphometric characters. Morphometric diversity was analyzed using multivariate discriminant analysis. The Euclidean genetic distances were used to estimate the phenotypic relationship among the buffalo populations. The indigenous buffaloes of Banten have high morphometric diversity, with a coefficient from 2.83 to 41.43%. The body length and chest circumference can be used as a morphometric marker to determine potential indigenous buffaloes as their high correlation coefficient value (0.506). The Serang district buffaloes have the highest mean of body length and chest circumference, which shows that this population is potential compared to the populations from other regions. The morphometric of buffalo population from Serang City, Cilegon City, Serang District, and Pandeglang District tend to be homogenous. Meanwhile, Lebak and Tangerang District population tends to heterogeneous. According to Euclidean distance analysis, the proximate phenotypic relationship was between Serang and Pandeglang District's buffalo populations. Our results indicated that morphometric diversity and phenotypic relationships of the populations were related to geographical origins and can be used to determine the potential indigenous of buffaloes.
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References
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Berthouly, C., Rognon, X., Nhu Van, T., Berthouly, A., Thanh Hoang, H., Bed’Hom, B., Laloë, D., Vu Chi, C., Verrier, E., Maillard, J.C., 2010. Genetic and morphometric characterization of a local Vietnamese Swamp Buffalo population. J. Anim. Breed. Genet: 127: 74–84.
Bunning, H., Wall, E., Chagunda, M.G.G., Banos, G., Simm, G. 2019. Heterosis in cattle crossbreeding schemes in tropical regions?: meta-analysis of effects of breed combination , trait type , and climate on level of heterosis 1. J. Anim. Sci 97: 29–34.
Ç?lek, S., Petkova, M. 2016. Phenotypic correlations between some body measurements and prediction of body weight of malya sheep. Bulg. J. Agric. Sci. 22: 99–105.
Dauda, A., Abbaya, H.Y., Ebegbulem, V.N. 2018. Application of multifactorial discriminant analysis of morphostructural differentiation of sheep. J. Genet. Genet. Eng. 2: 11–16.
de Rezende, M.P.G., Ferraz, P.C., Carneiro, P.L.S., Malhado, C.H.M. 2017. Phenotypic diversity in buffalo cows of the Jafarabadi, Murrah, and Mediterranean breeds. Pesqui. Agropecu. Bras. 52: 663–669.
Deb, G.K., Nahar, T.N., Duran, P.G., Presicce, G.A. 2016. Safe and Sustainable Traditional Production: The Water Buffalo in Asia. Front. Environ. Sci. 4: 1–7.
Dhillod, S., Kar, D., Patil, C.S., Sahu, S., Singh, N. 2017. Study of the dairy characters of lactating Murrah buffaloes on the basis of body parts measurements. Vet. World 10: 17–21.
Ebegbulem, V.N., Dauda, A., Gabriel, P.N. 2018. Genetic Distance between some Local Chicken Strains in Nigeria: A Discriminant Analysis Ebegbulem,. Niger. J. Anim. Sci. Technol. 1: 100–105.
Edouard, N.K., Cyrille, K.N.G., Etienne, L.N.G.,Valentine, Y.C. 2018. Multivariate analysis for morphological characteristics of N ’ dama cattle breed in two Agro- ecological zones of Côte d ’ Ivoire. Eur. Sci. J. 14: 602–621.
Eriani, K., Rahmi, R., Jamil, I., Rosnizar, R., Azhar, A.L. 2019. Body size characteristics and polymorphism in GH and GHRH genes of Simeulue Buffalo of Aceh , Indonesia 20: 236–242
Ganbold, O., Lee, S.H., Seo, D., Paek, W.K., Manjula, P., Munkhbayar, M., Lee, J.H. 2019. Genetic diversity and the origin of Mongolian native sheep. Livest. Sci. 220: 17–25.
General Directorate of Livestock and Animal Health, 2015. Livestock and Animal Health Statistics 2015. Ministry of Agriculture, South Jakarta.
Hair, J., Black, W., Babin, B., Anderson, R., 2010. Multivariate Data Analysis: 7Th Edition.
Johari, S., Kurnianto, E., Hamayanti, S.W.A. 2009. Multivariate analysis on phenotypic traits of body measurement in swamp buffalo (Bubalus bubalis ). J. Indones. Trop. Anim. Agric: 289–294.
Konuma, H., Gennari, P. 2014. FAO Statistical Yearbook 2014 Asia and the Pacific Food and Agriculture. Bangkok.
Lafi, H.A., Al-banna, L., Sadder, M.T., Migdadi, H.M. 2016. Morphological and morphometrical analysis of Heterodera spp . populations in Jordan. Saudi J. Biol. Sci. 23: 108–114.
Mathias, E., Mundy, P. 2005. Herd movements Herd movements, League for Pastoral Peoples and Endogenous Live- stock Development. Ober-Ramstadt, Germany.
Maureen, C.., Kardiyanto, E. 2010. Potency of developing buffalo in Banten Province for supporting beef self sufficiency, in: Seminar dan Lokakarya Nasional Kerbau.
Melo, B.A. De, Nascimento, I.D.M., Thayse, L., Lima, L.G. De, Chagas, F., Araújo, T. De, Rios, R.S., Couto, A.D.G., Fraga, A.B., 2018. Body morphometric measurements in Murrah crossbred buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis). J. Appl. Anim. Res. 2119.
Mwacharo, J.M., Nomura, K., Hanada, H., Jianlin, H., Hanotte, O., Amano, T. 2007. Genetic relationships among Kenyan and other East African indigenous chickens. Anim. Genet. 38: 485–490.
Paraguas, A.M., Cailipan, T.P.C., Flores, E.B., Villamor, L.P. 2018. Morphology and Phylogeny of Swamp Buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) in Calayan Island, Cagayan. Philipp J Vet Anim Sci 44: 59–67.
Qiptiyah, M., Pudyatmoko, S., Widyatmoko, A. 2019. Cytochrome b mitochondrial DNA characteristic from non-invasive samples of wild population Javan Banteng (Bos javanicus d ’ Alton , 1823 ). Biodiversitas 20: 350–355.
Sarti, F.M., Castelli, L., Bogani, D., Panella, F. 2010. The measurement of chest girth as an alternative to weight determination in the performance recording of meat sheep. Ital. J. Anim. Sci. 2: 123–129.
Shirzeyli, F.H., Lavvaf, A., Asadi, A. 2013. Estimation of body weight from body measurements in four breeds of Iranian sheep. Songklanakarin J. Sci. Technol. 35: 507–511.
Uffo, O., Martínez, N., Acosta, A., Sanz, A., Martín-Burriel, I., Osta, R., Rodellar, C., Zaragoza, P. 2017. Analysis of microsatellite markers in a Cuban water buffalo breed. J. Dairy Res. 84: 289–292.
Vohra, V., Niranjan, S.K., Mishra, A.K., Jamuna, V., Chopra, A., Sharma, N., Jeong, D.K. 2015. Phenotypic characterization and multivariate analysis to explain body conformation in lesser known buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) from North India. Asian Australas. J. Anim. Sci. 28: 311–317.
Winaya, A., Sukri, A., Gofur, A., Amin, M., Sciences, E. 2019. The Genetic Divergence and Phylogenetic Relationship of Indonesia Swamp Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) based on Partial Sequences of Cytochrome B Gene of Mitochondrial DNA. Int. J. Eng. Technol. 8: 96–100.
Wu, Z., Yu, D., Li, X., Xu, X. 2016. Influence of geography and environment on patterns of genetic differentiation in a widespread submerged macrophyte, Eurasian watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum L., Haloragaceae). Ecol. Evol. 6: 460–468.
Yakubu, A., Ibrahim, I.A. 2011. Multivariate analysis of morphostructural characteristics in Nigerian indigenous sheep. Ital. J. Anim. Sci. 10: 83–86.
Yakubu, A., Salako, A., Imumorin, I., Ige, A., Akinyemi, M., 2010. Discriminant analysis of morphometric differentiation in the West African Dwarf and Red Sokoto goats. S. Afr. J. Anim. Sci. 40, 381–387.
Yilmaz, O., Cemal, I., Karaca, O. 2013. Estimation of mature live weight using some body measurements in Karya sheep. Trop. Anim. Health Prod. 45: 397–403.
Yunusa, A.J., Salako, A.E., Oladejo, O.A. 2013. Morphometric characterization of Nigerian indigenous sheep using multifactorial discriminant analysis. Int. J. Biodivers. Conserv. 5: 661–665.
Zhang, Yi, J. S. F. Barker, D. Vankan, Y.Z., 2013. The Swamp Buffalo: Domestication, Dispersal, and Genetic Differentiation. Buffalo Bull. 32: 671–674.
Zhang, Y., Sun, D., Yu, Y., Zhang, Y. 2007. Genetic diversity and differentiation of Chinese domestic buffalo based on 30 microsatellite markers. Anim. Genet. 38, 569–575.
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