The impact of bioinsecticide overdoses of Beauveria bassiana on species diversity and abundance of not targeted arthropods in South Sumatra (Indonesia) freshwater swamp paddy
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Abstract. Hanif KI, Herlinda S, Irsan C, Pujiastuti Y, Prabawati G, Hasbi, Karenina T. 2020. The impact of bioinsecticide overdoses of Beauveria bassiana on species diversity and abundance of not targeted arthropods in South Sumatra (Indonesia) freshwater swamp paddy. Biodiversitas 21: 2124-2136. Bioinsecticides have been shown to reduce insect pest populations, but it is necessary to monitor the effect of bioinsecticide overdoses on non-target arthropods because they are abundant in rice fields. This study aimed to analyze the impact of bioinsecticide overdoses of B. bassiana on species diversity and abundance of non-target arthropods. Bioinsecticides derived from Beauveria bassiana were sprayed on the paddy every two weeks until the ripening stage, at a dose of 1, 2, 3, 4 L.ha-1, control (without insecticide), and abamectin as prescribed. The abundance of spiders and predatory arthropods did not decrease when bioinsecticides were applied but the abundance of spiders, especially Lycosidae and Salticidae dropped significantly when abamectin was applied. The abundance of the parasitoid decreased significantly when abamectin was applied, but the abundance of parasitoids applied by bioinsecticide was not significantly different from those of control. The abundance of insect pests started to decrease when bioinsecticide was applied to 2, 3 or 4 L.ha-1. The diversity species of non-target arthropods (spiders, predatory arthropods, and parasitoids) tended to decrease when it was applied bioinsecticides 3 and 4 L.ha-1 or abamectin, but their abundance remained high and no species dominance was found. For this reason, the correct dosage for suppressing insect pests abundance by not decreasing the abundance and diversity of non-target species is 2 L.ha-1 and applied when herbivore abundance is high.
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References
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Prabawati G, Herlinda S, Pujiastuti Y. 2019. The abundance of canopy arthropods in South Sumatra (Indonesia) freshwater swamp main and ratooned rice applied with bioinsecticides and synthetic insecticide. Biodiversitas 20: 2921–2930.
Safitri A, Herlinda S, Setiawan A. 2018. Entomopathogenic fungi of soils of freshwater swamps, tidal lowlands, peatlands, and highlands of South Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 2365–2373.
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Settle WH, Ariawan H, Astuti ET, Cahyana W, Hakim AL, Hindayana DH, Lestari AS. 1996. Managing tropical rice pests through conservation of generalist natural enemies and alternative prey. Ecology 77: 1975-1988.
Siaga E, Lakitan B, Hasbi H, Bernas SM, Widuri LI, Kartika K. 2019. Floating seedbed for preparing rice seedlings under unpredictable flooding occurrence at tropical riparian wetland. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science 25: 326–336.
Sumikarsih E, Herlinda S, Pujiastuti Y. 2019. Conidial density and viability of Beauveria bassiana isolates from Java and Sumatra and their virulence against Nilaparvata lugens at different temperatures. Agrivita 41: 335–349.
Suwandi, Ammar M, Irsan C. 2012. Aplikasi ekstrak kompos meningkatkan hasil dan menekan penyakit padi sistem ratun di sawah pasang surut Kabupaten Banyuasin. J Lahan Suboptimal 1: 116–122. [Indonesian]
Weilhoefer CL, Williams D, Nguyen I, Jakstis K, Fischer C. 2017. The effects of reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea L.) on wetland habitat and arthropod community composition in an urban freshwater wetland. Wetl Ecol Manag 25: 159–175.
Yuliani D. 2016. Metarhizium anisopliae and Andrographis paniculata to Non-Target Insect Pests. JIPI 21: 20–25. [Indonesian]
Ayudya DR, Herlinda S, Suwandi S. 2019. Insecticidal activity of culture filtrates from liquid medium of Beauveria bassiana isolates from South Sumatra (Indonesia) wetland soil against larvae of Spodoptera litura. Biodiversitas 20: 2101–2109.
Barrion A, Litsinger J. 1995. Riceland spiders of South and Southeast Asia. Entomology Division International Rice Research Institute Philippines.
Firouzbakht H, Zibaee A, Hoda H, Sohani MM. 2015. Virulence determination of Beauveria bassiana isolates on a predatory Hemipteran, Andrallus spinidens Fabricius (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Acta Phytopathol Entomol Hungarica 50: 115–125.
Gholamzadeh-Chitgar M, Hajizadeh J, Ghadamyari M, Karimi-Malati A, Hoda H. 2017. Effect of sublethal concentration of Beauveria bassiana fungus on demographic and some biochemical parameters of predatory bug, Andrallus spinidens Fabricius (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in laboratory conditions. Trakia J Sci 15: 160–167.
Herlinda S, Yudha S, Thalib R, Khodijah, Suwandi, Lakitan B, et al. 2018. Species richness and abundance of spiders inhabiting rice in fresh swamps and tidal lowlands in South Sumatra, Indonesia. J ISSAAS 24: 82–93.
Herlinda S, Yusticia SR, Irsan C, Asmara B, Hadi R. 2019a. Abundance of arthropods inhabiting canopy of rice cultivated using different planting methods and varieties. J Biopest 12: 7–18.
Herlinda S, Karenina T, Irsan C, Pujiastuti Y. 2019b. Arthropods inhabiting flowering non-crop plants and adaptive vegetables planted around paddy fields of freshwater swamps of South Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 3328–3339.
Humber RA. 2005. Entomopathogenic Fungal Identification. USDA-ARS Plant Protection Research Unit: Ithaca.
Kalshoven LG. 1981. The Pest of Crops in Indonesia. Van Hoeve, Jakarta?: P. T. Ichtiar Baru.
Karenina T, Herlinda S, Irsan C, Pujiastuti Y. 2019. Abundance and species diversity of predatory arthropods inhabiting rice of refuge habitats and synthetic insecticide application in freshwater swamps in South Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 2375–2387.
Lakitan B, Lindiana L, Widuri LI, Kartika K, Siaga E, Meihana M. 2019. Inclusive and ecologically-sound food crop cultivation at tropical non-tidal. Agrivita 41: 23–31.
Li M, Li S, Xu A, Lin H, Chen D, Wang H. 2014. Selection of Beauveria isolates pathogenic to adults of Nilaparvata lugens. J Insect Sci 14: 1–12.
Magurran AE. 1988. Ecological Diversity and its Measurement. Chapman and Hall: London.
McAlpine JF, Peterson BV, Shewell GE, Teskey HJ, Vockeroth JR, Wood D. M.1987. Manual of Neartic Diptera. Agriculture Canada, Research Branch.
Ngin C, Suon S, Tanaka T, Yamauchi A, Kawakita K, Chiba S. 2017. Impact of insecticide applications on arthropod predators and plant feeders in Cambodian rice fields. Phytobiomes J 1: 128–137.
Prabawati G, Herlinda S, Pujiastuti Y. 2019. The abundance of canopy arthropods in South Sumatra (Indonesia) freshwater swamp main and ratooned rice applied with bioinsecticides and synthetic insecticide. Biodiversitas 20: 2921–2930.
Safitri A, Herlinda S, Setiawan A. 2018. Entomopathogenic fungi of soils of freshwater swamps, tidal lowlands, peatlands, and highlands of South Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 2365–2373.
Sasmito EK, Trisyono YA, Harjaka T. 2017. Impact of abamectin on Anagrus nilaparvatae, an egg parasitoid of Nilaparvata lugens. J Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia 21: 80-86. [Indonesian]
Settle WH, Ariawan H, Astuti ET, Cahyana W, Hakim AL, Hindayana DH, Lestari AS. 1996. Managing tropical rice pests through conservation of generalist natural enemies and alternative prey. Ecology 77: 1975-1988.
Siaga E, Lakitan B, Hasbi H, Bernas SM, Widuri LI, Kartika K. 2019. Floating seedbed for preparing rice seedlings under unpredictable flooding occurrence at tropical riparian wetland. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science 25: 326–336.
Sumikarsih E, Herlinda S, Pujiastuti Y. 2019. Conidial density and viability of Beauveria bassiana isolates from Java and Sumatra and their virulence against Nilaparvata lugens at different temperatures. Agrivita 41: 335–349.
Suwandi, Ammar M, Irsan C. 2012. Aplikasi ekstrak kompos meningkatkan hasil dan menekan penyakit padi sistem ratun di sawah pasang surut Kabupaten Banyuasin. J Lahan Suboptimal 1: 116–122. [Indonesian]
Weilhoefer CL, Williams D, Nguyen I, Jakstis K, Fischer C. 2017. The effects of reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea L.) on wetland habitat and arthropod community composition in an urban freshwater wetland. Wetl Ecol Manag 25: 159–175.
Yuliani D. 2016. Metarhizium anisopliae and Andrographis paniculata to Non-Target Insect Pests. JIPI 21: 20–25. [Indonesian]
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