The impact of climate change on the household food security of upland rice farmers in Sidomulyo, Lampung Province, Indonesia
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Abstract. Murniati K, Mutolib A. 2020. The impact of climate change on the household food security of upland rice farmers in Sidomulyo, Lampung Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 3487-3493. Climate change in the agricultural sector, particularly food crops, significantly decreases the production, causing the anomaly influences of El-Niño (drought) and La-Nina (flood). Climate change will have an impact on food availability and accessibility, thereby disrupting the food security and vulnerability of farmer households. This study aimed to: analyze the livelihood vulnerabilities, determine the food security level, and assess the livelihood vulnerability on the food security of upland rice farmer households against climate change. This study was conducted in Sidomulyo Sub-district, South Lampung District. The samples were randomly selected among farmers, resulting in 66 selected farmers. The analysis included: the livelihood vulnerability index– intergovernmental panel of climate change (LVI-IPCC), food security index based on the Indonesian Institute of Sciences, and the Ordinal Model Logit (Ologit). The results showed that the upland rice farmer’s household had a livelihood vulnerability of 0.071, belonged to the medium category. Most farmer households (77.27%) were categorized as food secure. The “secure” category in the food security index is obtained if the upland rice farmers fulfill three criteria includes food availability, food stability, and food sustainability. The strategy of climate change adaptation, rice price, and phonska fertilizer price affects the food security of farmers’ households. Climate change adaptation strategies are indispensable for sustainable food security.
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References
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Rahmat A. Hamid MA, Zaki MK, Mutolib A. 2018. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index in the Integration of Conservation Education. Indonesian Journal of Science and Technology 3 (1): 47-52.
Saputri L, Lestari LA, Susilo J. 2016. Pola Konsumsi Pangan dan Tingkat Ketahanan pangan Rumah tangga di Kabupaten Kampar Provinsi Riau. Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia 12(3): 123-130.
Srivastava AK, Rai MK. 2012. Review: Sugarcane production: Impact of climate change and its mitigation. Biodiversitas 13 (4): 214-227.
Thornton P, Dinesh D, Cramer L, Loboguerrero AM, Campbell B. 2018. Agriculture in a changing climate: Keeping our cool in the face of the hothouse. Outlook of Agriculture 47 (4): 283-290.
Toha HM. 2007. Peningkatan produktivitas padi gogo melalui penerapan pengelolaan tanaman terpadu dengan introduksi varietas unggul. Balai Besar Penelitian Tanaman Padi. Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan 26(3).
Utami TI, Handayani T, Kuswantoro. 2019. Exposure of dryland Farming to the ENSO Phenomenon in Kebumen District. IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science 303 (2019) 012024.
Widada AW, Hardyastuti S, Mulyo JH, Irham. 2014. Analisis Kerentanan Penghidupan Rumah Tangga Tani Akibat Perubahan Iklim di Kabupaten Gunung Kidul. Jurnal Agro Ekonomi 24(1): 10-24.
Anríquez G, Toledo,G. 2019. De-climatizing food security: Lessons from climate change micro-simulations in Peru. PLoS ONE 14(9): e0222483. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0222483.
Asmare B, Meheret F. 2018. Smallholder farmers livestock production on the face of climate change in Bahir Dar, Zuria District, Northwestern Ethiopia. Biodiversitas 19(6): 2329-2334
Enete AA, Amusa TA. 2010. Challenges of Agricultural Adaptation to Climate Change in Nigeria: a Synthesis from the Literature. Field Actions Science Reports 4, Online since 20 December 2010, connection on 05 March 2020.
Aswatini H, Romdiati B, Setiawan A, Latifa, Fitrianita, Noveria M. 2004. Ketahanan Pangan, Kemiskinan dan Sosial Demografi Rumah Tangga. Pusat Penelitian Kependudukan, LIPI, Jakarta
Edi E, Novitri K, Rita F, Edy M, Fithri M. 2018. The Determinants of the Domestic Rice Production for The Need of the Population of Bengkulu Province, Indonesia. RJOAS 2(74): 243-250.
Firdaus RBR, Gunaratne, MS, Rahma SR, Kamsi NS. 2019. Does climate change only affect food availability? What else matters?, Cogent Food & Agriculture, 5:1, DOI: 10.1080/23311932.2019.1707607.
Fitria E, Ali MN. 2014. Kelayakan Usahatami Padi Gogo Dengan Pola Pengelolaan Tanaman Terpadu (PTT) Di Kabupaten Aceh Besar, Provinsi Aceh. Widyariset 17(3): 425-434.
Gateau-Rey L, Tanner EVJ, Rapidel B, Marelli JP, Royaert S. 2018. Climate change could threaten cocoa production: Effects of 2015-16 El Niño-related drought on cocoa agroforests in Bahia, Brazil. PLoS ONE 13(7): e0200454. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0200454.
Hahn MB, Riederer AM, Foster SO. 2009. The Livelihood Vulnerability Index: A pragmatic approach to assesing risks from climate variability and
change- A case study in Mozambique. Cglobal Environmental Change 19(1): 74-88
Harvey CA, Rakotobe ZL, Rao NS, Dave R, Razafimahatratra H, Rabarijohn RH, Rajaofara H, MacKinnon JL. 2014. Extreme vulnerability of smallholder farmers to agricultural risks and climate change in Madagascar. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B 369: 20130089. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2013.0089.
IPCC. 2007. Climate Change 2007. Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability Contribution of Working Group II to the Fourth Assesment Report of the Intergovermental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). M.L. Parry, O>F Canziani. J.P Palutikof, P.J van der Linden and C.E. Hanson (Eds) Cambridge University Press. Cambridge.
Indriyani Y. 2015. Gizi dan Pangan: Buku ajar. CV. Anugrah Utama Raharja, Bandar Lampung.
Islam MDS, Wong AT. 2017. Climate Change and Food In Security: A Critical Nexus. Environments 4 (38): 1-15.
Jessica RR, James M, Russell MV, Sylvia D, Brent L, Satria, B. 2018. La Niña-driven flooding in the Indo-Pacific warm pool during the past millennium. Quaternary Science Reviews 225: 106020.
Kementerian Pertanian. 2016. Outlook Padi 2016. Pusat Data Kementerian Pertanian, Jakarta.
Kifli, FW. Mulyo, JH. dan Sugiharto. 2015. Analisis Kerentanan Perubahan Iklim terhadap Ketahanan Pangan dan Kesejahtraan Rumahtangga Tani di Provinsi Riau. The 2nd University Research Coloquium. 2015.
Komariah, Senge M, Sumani, Dewi WS, Yoshiyama K, Rachmadiyanto AN. 2015. The Impacts of Decreasing Paddy Field Area on Local Climate in Central Java, Indonesia. Air, Soil and Water Research 8: 77–85.
Las I. 2007. Menyiasati Fenomena Anomali Iklim bagi Pemantapan Produksi Padi Nasional pada Era Revolusi Hijau Lestari. Jurnal Biotek-LIPI. Naskah Orasi Pengukuhan Profesor Riset Badan Litbang Pertanian, Bogor, 6 Agustus 2004.
Listiana I, Efendi I, Mutolib A, Rahmat A. 2019. The behavior of Extension Agents in Utilizing Information and Technology to Improve the Performance of Extension Agents in Lampung Province. Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1155(1 (012004)), 1–10.
Mashizha TM. 2019. Adapting to climate change: Reflections of peasant farmers in Mashonaland West Province of Zimbabwe. Jamba (Potchefstroom, South Africa) 11(1): 571. https://doi.org/10.4102/jamba.v11i1.571.
Misra AK. 2014. Climate change and challenges of water and food security. International Journal of Sustainable Built Environment 3(1): 153-165.
Murniati, K. 2014. Adaptasi Perubahan Iklim dan Keterkaitannya dengan Produktivitas dan Ketahanan Pangan Rumah Tangga Petani Padi di Kabupaten Tanggamus. [Dissertation]. Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta. [Indonesia].
Murniati K, Mulyo JH. Irham, Hartono S. 2017. The Livelihood Vulnerability to Climate Change of Two Different Farmer Communities in Tanggamus Region, Lampung Province, Indonesia. Asian Journal of Agriculture and Development 14 (2): 1-16.
Murniati K, Widjaya S, Situmorang S, Adawiyah R. 2018. Kinerja Usahatani Padi Ladang di Provinsi Lampung. In Siti Herlinda et el (eds) Pengembangan Ilmu dan Teknologi Pertanian Bersama Petani Lokal untuk Optimalisasi Lahan Suboptimal; Prosiding Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal 2017. Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang, 19-20 Oktober 2017. [Indonesian]
Murniati K, Widjaya S, Adawiyah R, Listiana I. 2019. Climate Change Adaptations Strategy for Sustainability and Food Security of Cassava Farming Households in Lampung Indonesia. Journal of Agicultural Extentions 23 (2) :138-146.
Mutolib A, Yonariza, Mahdi, Ismono H. 2017. Gender Inequality and the Oppression of Women within Minangkabau Matrilineal Society: A Case Study of the Management of Ulayat Forest Land in Nagari Bonjol, Dharmasraya District, West Sumatra Province, Indonesia,” Asian Women 32(3): 23–49.
Prajanti SDW, Susilowati I. 2016. The Prospect of Integrated Farming System of Crops-fishhusbandary as the Survival Strategy to Secure the Farmers’ Economy: Case Study in Magelang – Indonesia. International Journal of Economics and Financial 6(S6): 84-87.
Rahmat A. Hamid MA, Zaki MK, Mutolib A. 2018. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index in the Integration of Conservation Education. Indonesian Journal of Science and Technology 3 (1): 47-52.
Saputri L, Lestari LA, Susilo J. 2016. Pola Konsumsi Pangan dan Tingkat Ketahanan pangan Rumah tangga di Kabupaten Kampar Provinsi Riau. Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia 12(3): 123-130.
Srivastava AK, Rai MK. 2012. Review: Sugarcane production: Impact of climate change and its mitigation. Biodiversitas 13 (4): 214-227.
Thornton P, Dinesh D, Cramer L, Loboguerrero AM, Campbell B. 2018. Agriculture in a changing climate: Keeping our cool in the face of the hothouse. Outlook of Agriculture 47 (4): 283-290.
Toha HM. 2007. Peningkatan produktivitas padi gogo melalui penerapan pengelolaan tanaman terpadu dengan introduksi varietas unggul. Balai Besar Penelitian Tanaman Padi. Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan 26(3).
Utami TI, Handayani T, Kuswantoro. 2019. Exposure of dryland Farming to the ENSO Phenomenon in Kebumen District. IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science 303 (2019) 012024.
Widada AW, Hardyastuti S, Mulyo JH, Irham. 2014. Analisis Kerentanan Penghidupan Rumah Tangga Tani Akibat Perubahan Iklim di Kabupaten Gunung Kidul. Jurnal Agro Ekonomi 24(1): 10-24.
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