Perception, attitude, and motive of local community towards forest conversion to plantation in Dharmasraya District, West Sumatra, Indonesia
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Abstract. Rangga KK, Yonariza, Yanfika H, Mutolib A. 2020. Perception, attitude, and motive of local community towards forest conversion to plantation in Dharmasraya District, West Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 4903-4910. Forest conversion in Dharmasraya District massively occurred from 2000 to 2014. In 2000, forest area reached 86% of 33,550 ha. In 2014, forest cover reduced to only 16% with an increase in plantation area (rubber and oil palm), covering 59% of the total area. This study was aimed to examine the perception, attitude, and motive of the local community regarding forest conversion to the plantation. This study was located in PFMU (Production Forest Management Unit) Dharmasraya West Sumatra, which included a production forest area. This study was conducted from February to August 2018 with a case study approach. A total of 40 households, was selected as respondents. Snowball sampling was applied to interview the key informants. Data were analyzed using the interactive model, which included data reduction, data presentation, also conclusion drawing and verification. The study result indicated that forest is owned by the local community based upon the customary law, and the state does not have the right to manage and claim forest ownership. In terms of the economic aspect, the community benefited greatly from wood availability in the forest as the source of income. According to the local community, the conversion of forests into plantation did not have a significant effect on the environment. In fact, the local community agreed that land-use change from forest to plantation will provide greater benefit than preserving the forest. The expansion of plantation was found to be the motive for land clearance by cutting trees to obtain ownership over the forest.
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References
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Subarudi. 2014. Policy of customary forest management after Constitutional Justice Degree No. 35/PUU-X/2012: A Critical Review. Jurnal Analisis Kebijakan Kehutanan 11(3): 2007-224.
Surati. 2014. Attitude and behavior analysis of communities toward Parung Panjang Research Forest. Jurnal Penelitian Sosial dan Ekonomi Kehutanan 11(4): 339 – 347.
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Tacconia L, Rodriguesa RJ, Maryudi A. 2009. Law enforcement and deforestation: Lessons for Indonesia from Brazil. Forest Policy and Economics 108:101943.
Vijay V, Pimm SL, Jenkins CN, Smith SJ. 2016. The Impacts of oil palm on recent deforestation and biodiversity loss. PLoS ONE 11(7): e0159668.
Wegscheider S, Purwanto J, Margono BA, Nugroho S, Budiharto, Buchholz G, Sugardiman RA. 2018. Current achievements to reduce deforestation in Kalimantan. Indonesian Journal of Geography 50(2): 109 - 120. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijg.23680
West Sumatra Forestry Service. 2018. Sekilas Hutan Sumbar. https://dishut.sumbarprov.go.id/details/pages/1 [Accessed 05 August 2020].
Yanfika H, Listiana I, Mutolib A, Rahmat A. 2019. Linkages between extension institutions and stakeholders in the development of sustainable fisheries in Lampung Province. Journal of Physics: Conf. Series 1155: 012014.
Aju PC. 2014. The role of forestry in agriculture and food security. American Journal of Research Communication 2(6): 109-121
Andini AR. 2017. Identitas dan kebijakan luar negeri: Komitmen Jepang terhadap penanganan illegal logging di Indonesia dalam kerangka asia forest partnership tahun 2002 – 2012. Journal of International Relations 3(1): 98-105.
Armida S, Alisjahbana, Busch JM. 2017. Forestry, forest fires, and climate change in Indonesia. Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies 53(2): 111-136. DOI: 10.1080/00074918.2017.1365404
Austin KG, Schwantes A, Gu Y, Kasibhatla PS. 2019. What causes deforestation in Indonesia?. Environmental Research Letters 14: 024007.
Chen, B. Kennedy CM, Xu B. 2019. Effective moratoria on land acquisitions reduce tropical deforestation: evidence from Indonesia. Environmental Research Letters 14: 044009.
Dalla-Nora EL, de Aguiar APD, Lapola DM, Woltjer G. 2014. Why have land use change models for the Amazon failed to capture the amount of deforestation over the last decade? Land Use Policy 39: 403–411. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2014.02.004.
Dasrizal, Barlian E, Rezki A, Tutri R, Farida. 2019. The struggle of indigenous people: an overview recognition of customary forest in Minangkabau, Indonesia. International Journal of Environmental Science and Development 10(7): 2011-2015.
Eldeeb O, Prochazka P, Maitah M. 2015. Causes for deforestation in Indonesia: Corruption and palm tree plantation. Asian Social Science 11 (27): 120-124.
Fisher MR, Moeliono M, Mulyana A, Yuliani EL, Adriadi A, Kamaluddin, Judda J, Sahide M.A.K. 2018. Assessing the new social forestry project in Indonesia: recognition, livelihood and conservation?. International Forestry Review 20(3): 346-361.
Handoko C. 2014. Some problems in maintaining sustainability of Indonesia's Forests: descriptive study. Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research 1(1): 33-46.
Husodo T, Febrianto P, Megantara EN, Shanida SS, Pujianto MP. 2019. Diversity of mammals in forest patches of Cisokan, Cianjur, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1281-1288.
Ifrani, Abby FH, Barkatullah AH, Nurhayati Y, Said MY. 2019. Forest Management Based on Local Culture of Dayak Kotabaru in the Perspective of Customary Law for a Sustainable Future and Prosperity of the Local Community. Resources 8: 78; doi:10.3390/resources8020078
Juarez-Orozco SM, Siebe C, Fernandez DFY. 2017. Causes and effects of forest fires in tropical rainforests: A bibliometric approach. Tropical Conservation Science 10: 1–14.
Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan Republik Indonesia. 2018. Status Hutan dan Kehutanan Indonesia 2018. Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan Republik Indonesia, Jakarta.
Khalid F, Babar TM, Jamil A, Kamal H, Afzal T, et al. 2019. Multiple impacts of illegal logging: A key to deforestation over the globe. Biomed J Sci & Tech Res 20(5): 15430-15435.
Lestawi IN, Bunga D. 2020. The Role of customary law in the forest preservation in Bali. Journal of Landscape Ecology 13 (1): 25-41.
Listiana I, Efendi I, Mutolib A, Rahmat A. 2019. The behavior of extension agents in utilizing information and technology to improve the performance of extension agents in Lampung Province. Journal of Physics: Conf. Series 1155: 012004.
Marta AD, Suwaryo U, Sulaeman A, Agustino L. 2019. Dilemma of customary land policy in Indonesia. Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik 32(2): 134-143.
Matsvange D, Sagonda R, Kaundikiza M. 2016. The role of communities in sustainable land and forest management: The case of Nyanga, Zvimba and Guruve districts of Zimbabwe. Jàmbá: Journal of Disaster Risk Studies 8(3), a281.
Mccarthy JF, Robinson, K.M. 2016. Land and Development in Indonesia: Searching for the People’s Sovereignty. ISEAS – Yusof Ishak Institute: Singapore.
Miles MB, Huberman AM, Saldana J. 2014. Qualitative Data Analysis, A Methods Sourcebook, Edition 3. USA: Sage Publications. Terjemahan Tjetjep Rohindi Rohidi, UI-Press.
Murniati K, Mutolib A. 2020. The impact of climate change on the household food security of upland rice farmers in Sidomulyo, Lampung Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21(8): 3487-3493.
Mutolib A, Yonariza, Mahdi, Ismono H. 2017. Forest ownership conflict between a local community and the state: a case study in Dharmasraya, Indonesia. Journal of Tropical Forest Science 29(2): 163-171.
Mutolib A, Yonariza, Rahmat A, Yanfika H. 2020. Competition among actors and challenges of production forest management in Dharmasraya, West Sumatera. IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science 399 (2019) 012074
Muur WFD. 2018. Forest conflicts and the informal nature of realizing indigenous land rights in Indonesia. Citizenship Studies 22(2): 160-174. DOI:10.1080/13621025.2018.1445495
Nugroho HYSH, Veen AVD, Skidmore AK, Hussin YA. 2018. Expansion of traditional land-use and deforestation: a case study of an adat forest in the Kandilo Subwatershed, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. J. For. Res. 29(2): 495–513.
Pachmann A. 2018. Corruption and deforestation in Indonesia. Regional Formation and Development Studies 2 (25): 57-64.
Poudyal BH, Maraseni T, Cockfield G. 2019. Scientific Forest management practice in Nepal: critical reflections from stakeholders’ perspectives. Forests 2020, 11, 27; doi:10.3390/f11010027.
Purwawangsa H. 2017. Instrumen kebijakan untuk mengatasi konflik di kawasan hutan konservasi. Risalah Kebijakan Pertanian dan Lingkungan 4(1): 28-47.
Rahmat A, Zaki MK, Effendi I, Mutolib A, Yanfika H, Listiana I. 2019. Effect of global climate change on air temperature and precipitation in six cities in Gifu Prefecture, Japan. Journal of Physics: Conf. Series 1155: 012070
Santika T, Meijaard E, Budiharta S, Law EA, Kusworo A, Hutabarat JA, Indrawan TP, Struebig M, Raharjo S, Huda I, Sulhani, Ekaputri AD, Trison S, Stigner M, Wilson KA. 2017. Community forest management in Indonesia: Avoided deforestation in thecontext of anthropogenic and climate complexities. Global Environmental Change 46: 60–7161.
Subarudi. 2014. Policy of customary forest management after Constitutional Justice Degree No. 35/PUU-X/2012: A Critical Review. Jurnal Analisis Kebijakan Kehutanan 11(3): 2007-224.
Surati. 2014. Attitude and behavior analysis of communities toward Parung Panjang Research Forest. Jurnal Penelitian Sosial dan Ekonomi Kehutanan 11(4): 339 – 347.
Sylviani, Hakim I. 2014. Analisis tenurial dalam pengembangan kesatuan pengelolaan hutan: Studi kasus KPH Gedong Wani, Provinsi Lampung. Jurnal Penelitian Sosial Dan Ekonomi Kehutanan 11(4): 309–322.
Tacconia L, Rodriguesa RJ, Maryudi A. 2009. Law enforcement and deforestation: Lessons for Indonesia from Brazil. Forest Policy and Economics 108:101943.
Vijay V, Pimm SL, Jenkins CN, Smith SJ. 2016. The Impacts of oil palm on recent deforestation and biodiversity loss. PLoS ONE 11(7): e0159668.
Wegscheider S, Purwanto J, Margono BA, Nugroho S, Budiharto, Buchholz G, Sugardiman RA. 2018. Current achievements to reduce deforestation in Kalimantan. Indonesian Journal of Geography 50(2): 109 - 120. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijg.23680
West Sumatra Forestry Service. 2018. Sekilas Hutan Sumbar. https://dishut.sumbarprov.go.id/details/pages/1 [Accessed 05 August 2020].
Yanfika H, Listiana I, Mutolib A, Rahmat A. 2019. Linkages between extension institutions and stakeholders in the development of sustainable fisheries in Lampung Province. Journal of Physics: Conf. Series 1155: 012014.
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