Cross-ecosystem utilizing primed seeds of upland rice varieties for enriching crop diversity at riparian wetland during dry season
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Abstract. Ria RP, Lakitan B, Sulaiman F, Kartika K, Suwignyo RA. 2020. Cross-ecosystem utilizing primed seeds of upland rice varieties for enriching crop diversity at riparian wetland during dry season. Biodiversitas 21: 3008-3017. Cultivation of rice during second growing season at riparian wetlands in Indonesia must deal with drought conditions at reproductive stage. Seed priming can speed up seed emergence and produces vigorous seedlings. Objective of this study was to screen upland rice varieties which were positively responded to seed priming and tolerant to drought during late vegetative and/or reproductive stage. Results of this study indicated that osmo-priming showed positive effects on seed emergence, percentage of germinated seed, and time to reach 50% germination. Effects of osmo-priming on seedling growth did not go beyond four weeks after seedlings had been transplanted. Among nine varieties screened, Inpago 10 exhibited better response to seed priming during late vegetative stage as it produced the highest number of tillers and total leaf area. However, at harvest, osmo-priming with 20% PEG lowered filled spikelet and weight of 100 grains but did not affect yield. Drought during late vegetative stage lessened number of tillers but after drought-treated plants recovered during reproductive stage, percentage of filled spikelet and grain size were comparable to those of control plants. Meanwhile, drought imposed during reproductive stage decreased percentage of filled spikelet and grain yield. Despite its better performance under drought conditions, leaf rolling score was higher during heading stage in Inpago 10. This phenomenon indicated that leaf rolling was not forced by drought, rather it was a quick response of Inpago 10 variety to limit water loss due to transpiration.
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References
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Barnabás B, Jäger K, Fehér A. 2008. The effect of drought and heat stress on reproductive processes in cereals. Plant Cell Environ 31:11–38. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2007.01727.x
Comas L, Becker S, Cruz VMV, Byrne PF, Dierig DA. 2013. Root traits contributing to plant productivity under drought. Front Plant Sci 4:1-16. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2013.00442
Coolbear P, Francis A, Grierson D. 1984. The effect of low temperature pre-sowing treatment on the germination performance and membrane integrity of artificially aged tomato seeds. J Exp Bot 35:1609–1617. DOI: 10.1093/jxb/35.11.1609
Daryanto S, Wang L, Jacinthe PA. 2017. Global synthesis of drought effects on cereal, legume, tuber and root crops production: A review. Agric Water Manage 179:18–33. DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2016.04.022
Du B, Luo H, He L, Zhang L, Liu Y, Mo Z, Pan S, Tian H, Duan M, Tang X. 2019. Rice seed priming with sodium selenate: Effects on germination, seedling growth, and biochemical attributes. Sci Rep 9(1):1-9. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40849-3
Dutta P. 2018. Seed priming: new vistas and contemporary perspectives. In: Rakshit, Singh (eds) Advances in seed priming. Springer Nature, Singapore. DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-0032-5
Easlon HM, Bloom AJ. 2014. Easy leaf area: automated digital image analysis for rapid and accurate measurement of leaf area. App Plant Sci 2(7):1-4. DOI: 10.3732/apps.1400033
El-Hendawy SE, Sone C, Ito O, Sakagami JI. 2011. Evaluation of germination ability in rice seeds under anaerobic conditions by cluster analysis. Res J Seed Sci 4:82–93. DOI: 10.3923/rjss.2011.82.93
Fageria NK. 2007. Yield physiology of rice. J Plant Nutri 30:843–879. DOI: 10.1080/15226510701374831
Farooq M, Basra SMA, Tabassum R, Afzal I. 2006. Enhancing the performance of direct seeded fine rice by seed priming. Plant Prod Sci 9:446-456. DOI: 10.1626/pps.9.446
Farooq M, Wahid A, Kobayashi N, Fujita D, Basra SMA. 2009. Plant drought stress: Effects, mechanisms and management. Sustain Agric 29:185–212. DOI: 10.1007/978-90-481-2666-8_12
Hidayati N, Triadiati, Anas I. 2016. Photosynthesis and transpiration rates of rice cultivated under the system of rice intensification and the effects on growth and yield. Hayati J Bioscience 23:67–72. DOI: 10.1016/j.hjb.2016.06.002
Hossain MA, Wani SH, Bhattacharjee S, Burrit DJ, Tran LSP. 2016. Drought stress tolerance in plants (eds) Molecular and Genetic Perspectives. Springer. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-32423-4
Hussain M, Farooq M, Lee DJ. 2017. Evaluating the role of seed priming in improving drought tolerance of pigmented and non-pigmented rice. J Agronomy Crop Sci 203:269–276. DOI: 10.1111/jac.12195
Hussain S, Khan F, Hussain HA, Nie L. 2016. Physiological and biochemical mechanisms of seed priming-induced chilling tolerance in rice cultivars. Front Plant Sci 7(116):1-14. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00116
International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). 2002. Standard evaluation system for rice. Los Banos, the Philippines: IRRI.
Irmawati EH, Suwignyo RA, Sakagami, JI. 2015. Swamp rice cultivation in South Sumatra, Indonesia: an overview. Trop Agric Develop 59:35-39. DOI: 10.11248/jsta.59.35
Jung H, Lee DK, Choi YD, Kim JK. 2015. OsIAA6, a member of the rice Aux/IAA gene family, is involved in drought tolerance and tiller outgrowth. Plant Sci 236:304–312. DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2015.04.018
Kang J, Li J, Gao S, Tian C, Zha X. 2017. Overexpression of the leucine-rich receptor-like kinase gene LRK2 increases drought tolerance and tiller number in rice. Plant Biotech J 15:1175–1185. DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12707
Kartika K, Sakagami JI, Lakitan B, Yabuta S, Wijaya A, Kadir S, Widuri LI, Siaga E, Nakao Y. 2020. Morpho-physiological response of Oryza glaberrima to gradual soil drying. Rice Sci 27:67–74. DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2019.12.007
Kartina N, Purwoko BS, Dewi IS, Wirnas D, Nindita DA. 2019. Early screening of doubled hapoloid lines of upland rice tolerance to drought at seedling stage. Indonesian J Agronomy 47, 1–8. DOI: 10.24831/jai.v47i1.22766
Khaliq A, Aslam F, Matloob A, Hussain S, Geng M, Wahid A, Ur Rehman H. 2015. Seed priming with selenium: Consequences for emergence, seedling growth, and biochemical attributes of rice. Biol Trace Elem Res 166:236–244. DOI: 10.1007/s12011-015-0260-4
Kim Y, Chung YS, Lee E, Tripathi P, Heo S, Kim KH. 2020. Root response to drought stress in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Int J Mol Sci 21(4):1513. DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041513
Lakitan B, Alberto A, Lindiana L, Kartika K, Herlinda S, Kurnianingsih A. 2018a. The benefits of biochar on rice growth and yield in tropical riparian wetland, South Sumatra, Indonesia. Chiang Mai Univ J Nat Sci 17(2):111-126. DOI: 10.12982/CMUJNS.2018.0009
Lakitan B, Hadi B, Herlinda S, Siaga E, Widuri LI, Kartika K, Lindiana L, Yunindyawati Y, Meihana M. 2018b. Recognizing farmers’ practices and constraints for intensifying rice production at riparian wetlands in Indonesia. NJAS-Wageningen J Life Sci 85:10-20. DOI: 10.1016/j.njas.2018.05.004
Lakitan B, Lindiana L, Widuri LI, Kartika K, Siaga E, Meihana M, Wijaya A. 2019. Inclusive and ecologically-sound food crop cultivation at tropical non-tidal wetlands in Indonesia. Agrivita J Agric Sci 41:23–3. DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v40i0.1717
Moonmoon S, Islam M. 2017. Effect of drought stress at different growth stages on yield and yield components of six rice (Oryza sativa l.) Genotypes. Fund Appl Agric 2:285–289. DOI: 10.5455/faa.277118
Mulbah Q, Adjetey J. 2018. Effect of water seed priming on establishment of direct seeded rice in well-watered conditions and aerenchyma formation under varying water regimes. Agrivita J Agric Sci 40:45–54. DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v40i1.1457
Oladosu Y, Rafii MY, Samuel C, Fatai A, Magaji U, Kareem I, Kamarudin ZS, Muhammad I, Kolapo K. 2019. Drought resistance in rice from conventional to molecular breeding: a review. Int J Mol Sci 20(14):3519. DOI: 10.3390/ijms20143519
Pandey GK, Pandey A, Prasad M, Böhmer M. 2016. Abiotic stress signaling in plants: Functional genomic intervention. Front Plant Sci 7(681):1-4. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00681
Pantuwan G, Fukai S, Cooper M, Rajatasereekul S, O’Toole JC. 2002. Yield response of rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes to drought under rainfed lowlands 2. Selection of drought resistant genotypes. Field Crops Res. 73(2-3):169–180. DOI: 10.1016/S0378-4290(01)00195-2
Raveendran M, Shobbar ZS, Jagadish SVK, Bruskiewich R, Ismail A, Leung H, Bennett J, 2011. Physiological and proteomic responses of rice peduncles to drought stress. Mol Biotech 48:173–182. DOI: 10.1007/s12033-010-9358-2
Saglam A, Kadioglu A, Demiralay M, Terzi R. 2014. Leaf rolling reduces photosynthetic loss in maize under severe drought. Acta Bot Croatia 73:315–332. DOI: 10.2478/botcro-2014-0012
Sarvestani ZT, Pirdashti H, Sanavy SAMM, Balouchi H. 2008. Study of water stress effects in different growth stages on yield and yield components of different rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars. Pakistan J Biol Sci 11:1303–1309. DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2008.1303.1309
Singh CM, Kumar B, Mehandi S, Chandra K. 2012. Effect of drought stress in rice?: a review on morphological and physiological characteristics. Trends Biosciences 5:261–265.
Singh S, Prasad S, Yadav V, Kumar A, Jaiswal B, Kumar A, Khan NA, Dwivedi DK. 2018. Effect of drought stress on yield and yield components of rice (Oryza sativa l.) Genotypes. Int J Current Microbiol App Sci 7:2752–2759.
Sulaiman F, Suwignyo RA, Hasmeda M, Wijaya A. 2016. Priming of Rice Seed (Oryza sativa L.) with Zinc to Improve Seedling Vigor under Submergence Stress. J Agronomy Indonesia 44:8-15. DOI: 10.24831/jai.v44i1.12486
Sun YY, Sun YJ, Wang MT, Li XY, Guo X, Hu R, Ma J. 2010. Effects of seed priming on germination and seedling growth under water stress in rice. Acta Agronomy Sin 36:1931-1940. DOI: 10.1016/S1875-2780(09)60085-7
Swamy BPM, Shamsudin NAA, Rahman SNA, Mauleon R, Ratnam W, Cruz MT, Kumar A. 2017. Association mapping of yield and yield-related traits under reproductive stage drought stress in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Rice 10(21):1-13. DOI: 10.1186/s12284-017-0161-6
Yang X, Wang B, Chen L, Li P, Cao C. 2019. The different influences of drought stress at the flowering stage on rice physiological traits, grain yield, and quality. Sci Rep 9(1):1-12. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40161-0
Yeh SY, Chen HW, Ng CY, Lin CY, Tseng TH, Li WH, Ku MSB. 2015. Down-regulation of cytokinin oxidase 2 expression increases tiller number and improves rice yield. Rice 8: 36. DOI: 10.1186/s12284-015-0070-5
Zhang J, Zhang S, Cheng M, Jiang H, Zhang X, Peng C, Lu X, Zhang M, Jin J. 2018. Effect of drought on agronomic traits of rice and wheat: a meta-analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health 15(5): 839. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15050839
Zheng M, Tao Y, Hussain S, Jiang Q, Peng S, Huang J, Cui K, Nie L. 2016. Seed priming in dry direct-seeded rice: consequences for emergence, seedling growth and associated metabolic events under drought stress. Plant Growth Reg 78:167-178. DOI: 10.1007/s10725-015-0083-5
Barnabás B, Jäger K, Fehér A. 2008. The effect of drought and heat stress on reproductive processes in cereals. Plant Cell Environ 31:11–38. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2007.01727.x
Comas L, Becker S, Cruz VMV, Byrne PF, Dierig DA. 2013. Root traits contributing to plant productivity under drought. Front Plant Sci 4:1-16. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2013.00442
Coolbear P, Francis A, Grierson D. 1984. The effect of low temperature pre-sowing treatment on the germination performance and membrane integrity of artificially aged tomato seeds. J Exp Bot 35:1609–1617. DOI: 10.1093/jxb/35.11.1609
Daryanto S, Wang L, Jacinthe PA. 2017. Global synthesis of drought effects on cereal, legume, tuber and root crops production: A review. Agric Water Manage 179:18–33. DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2016.04.022
Du B, Luo H, He L, Zhang L, Liu Y, Mo Z, Pan S, Tian H, Duan M, Tang X. 2019. Rice seed priming with sodium selenate: Effects on germination, seedling growth, and biochemical attributes. Sci Rep 9(1):1-9. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40849-3
Dutta P. 2018. Seed priming: new vistas and contemporary perspectives. In: Rakshit, Singh (eds) Advances in seed priming. Springer Nature, Singapore. DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-0032-5
Easlon HM, Bloom AJ. 2014. Easy leaf area: automated digital image analysis for rapid and accurate measurement of leaf area. App Plant Sci 2(7):1-4. DOI: 10.3732/apps.1400033
El-Hendawy SE, Sone C, Ito O, Sakagami JI. 2011. Evaluation of germination ability in rice seeds under anaerobic conditions by cluster analysis. Res J Seed Sci 4:82–93. DOI: 10.3923/rjss.2011.82.93
Fageria NK. 2007. Yield physiology of rice. J Plant Nutri 30:843–879. DOI: 10.1080/15226510701374831
Farooq M, Basra SMA, Tabassum R, Afzal I. 2006. Enhancing the performance of direct seeded fine rice by seed priming. Plant Prod Sci 9:446-456. DOI: 10.1626/pps.9.446
Farooq M, Wahid A, Kobayashi N, Fujita D, Basra SMA. 2009. Plant drought stress: Effects, mechanisms and management. Sustain Agric 29:185–212. DOI: 10.1007/978-90-481-2666-8_12
Hidayati N, Triadiati, Anas I. 2016. Photosynthesis and transpiration rates of rice cultivated under the system of rice intensification and the effects on growth and yield. Hayati J Bioscience 23:67–72. DOI: 10.1016/j.hjb.2016.06.002
Hossain MA, Wani SH, Bhattacharjee S, Burrit DJ, Tran LSP. 2016. Drought stress tolerance in plants (eds) Molecular and Genetic Perspectives. Springer. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-32423-4
Hussain M, Farooq M, Lee DJ. 2017. Evaluating the role of seed priming in improving drought tolerance of pigmented and non-pigmented rice. J Agronomy Crop Sci 203:269–276. DOI: 10.1111/jac.12195
Hussain S, Khan F, Hussain HA, Nie L. 2016. Physiological and biochemical mechanisms of seed priming-induced chilling tolerance in rice cultivars. Front Plant Sci 7(116):1-14. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00116
International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). 2002. Standard evaluation system for rice. Los Banos, the Philippines: IRRI.
Irmawati EH, Suwignyo RA, Sakagami, JI. 2015. Swamp rice cultivation in South Sumatra, Indonesia: an overview. Trop Agric Develop 59:35-39. DOI: 10.11248/jsta.59.35
Jung H, Lee DK, Choi YD, Kim JK. 2015. OsIAA6, a member of the rice Aux/IAA gene family, is involved in drought tolerance and tiller outgrowth. Plant Sci 236:304–312. DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2015.04.018
Kang J, Li J, Gao S, Tian C, Zha X. 2017. Overexpression of the leucine-rich receptor-like kinase gene LRK2 increases drought tolerance and tiller number in rice. Plant Biotech J 15:1175–1185. DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12707
Kartika K, Sakagami JI, Lakitan B, Yabuta S, Wijaya A, Kadir S, Widuri LI, Siaga E, Nakao Y. 2020. Morpho-physiological response of Oryza glaberrima to gradual soil drying. Rice Sci 27:67–74. DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2019.12.007
Kartina N, Purwoko BS, Dewi IS, Wirnas D, Nindita DA. 2019. Early screening of doubled hapoloid lines of upland rice tolerance to drought at seedling stage. Indonesian J Agronomy 47, 1–8. DOI: 10.24831/jai.v47i1.22766
Khaliq A, Aslam F, Matloob A, Hussain S, Geng M, Wahid A, Ur Rehman H. 2015. Seed priming with selenium: Consequences for emergence, seedling growth, and biochemical attributes of rice. Biol Trace Elem Res 166:236–244. DOI: 10.1007/s12011-015-0260-4
Kim Y, Chung YS, Lee E, Tripathi P, Heo S, Kim KH. 2020. Root response to drought stress in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Int J Mol Sci 21(4):1513. DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041513
Lakitan B, Alberto A, Lindiana L, Kartika K, Herlinda S, Kurnianingsih A. 2018a. The benefits of biochar on rice growth and yield in tropical riparian wetland, South Sumatra, Indonesia. Chiang Mai Univ J Nat Sci 17(2):111-126. DOI: 10.12982/CMUJNS.2018.0009
Lakitan B, Hadi B, Herlinda S, Siaga E, Widuri LI, Kartika K, Lindiana L, Yunindyawati Y, Meihana M. 2018b. Recognizing farmers’ practices and constraints for intensifying rice production at riparian wetlands in Indonesia. NJAS-Wageningen J Life Sci 85:10-20. DOI: 10.1016/j.njas.2018.05.004
Lakitan B, Lindiana L, Widuri LI, Kartika K, Siaga E, Meihana M, Wijaya A. 2019. Inclusive and ecologically-sound food crop cultivation at tropical non-tidal wetlands in Indonesia. Agrivita J Agric Sci 41:23–3. DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v40i0.1717
Moonmoon S, Islam M. 2017. Effect of drought stress at different growth stages on yield and yield components of six rice (Oryza sativa l.) Genotypes. Fund Appl Agric 2:285–289. DOI: 10.5455/faa.277118
Mulbah Q, Adjetey J. 2018. Effect of water seed priming on establishment of direct seeded rice in well-watered conditions and aerenchyma formation under varying water regimes. Agrivita J Agric Sci 40:45–54. DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v40i1.1457
Oladosu Y, Rafii MY, Samuel C, Fatai A, Magaji U, Kareem I, Kamarudin ZS, Muhammad I, Kolapo K. 2019. Drought resistance in rice from conventional to molecular breeding: a review. Int J Mol Sci 20(14):3519. DOI: 10.3390/ijms20143519
Pandey GK, Pandey A, Prasad M, Böhmer M. 2016. Abiotic stress signaling in plants: Functional genomic intervention. Front Plant Sci 7(681):1-4. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00681
Pantuwan G, Fukai S, Cooper M, Rajatasereekul S, O’Toole JC. 2002. Yield response of rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes to drought under rainfed lowlands 2. Selection of drought resistant genotypes. Field Crops Res. 73(2-3):169–180. DOI: 10.1016/S0378-4290(01)00195-2
Raveendran M, Shobbar ZS, Jagadish SVK, Bruskiewich R, Ismail A, Leung H, Bennett J, 2011. Physiological and proteomic responses of rice peduncles to drought stress. Mol Biotech 48:173–182. DOI: 10.1007/s12033-010-9358-2
Saglam A, Kadioglu A, Demiralay M, Terzi R. 2014. Leaf rolling reduces photosynthetic loss in maize under severe drought. Acta Bot Croatia 73:315–332. DOI: 10.2478/botcro-2014-0012
Sarvestani ZT, Pirdashti H, Sanavy SAMM, Balouchi H. 2008. Study of water stress effects in different growth stages on yield and yield components of different rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars. Pakistan J Biol Sci 11:1303–1309. DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2008.1303.1309
Singh CM, Kumar B, Mehandi S, Chandra K. 2012. Effect of drought stress in rice?: a review on morphological and physiological characteristics. Trends Biosciences 5:261–265.
Singh S, Prasad S, Yadav V, Kumar A, Jaiswal B, Kumar A, Khan NA, Dwivedi DK. 2018. Effect of drought stress on yield and yield components of rice (Oryza sativa l.) Genotypes. Int J Current Microbiol App Sci 7:2752–2759.
Sulaiman F, Suwignyo RA, Hasmeda M, Wijaya A. 2016. Priming of Rice Seed (Oryza sativa L.) with Zinc to Improve Seedling Vigor under Submergence Stress. J Agronomy Indonesia 44:8-15. DOI: 10.24831/jai.v44i1.12486
Sun YY, Sun YJ, Wang MT, Li XY, Guo X, Hu R, Ma J. 2010. Effects of seed priming on germination and seedling growth under water stress in rice. Acta Agronomy Sin 36:1931-1940. DOI: 10.1016/S1875-2780(09)60085-7
Swamy BPM, Shamsudin NAA, Rahman SNA, Mauleon R, Ratnam W, Cruz MT, Kumar A. 2017. Association mapping of yield and yield-related traits under reproductive stage drought stress in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Rice 10(21):1-13. DOI: 10.1186/s12284-017-0161-6
Yang X, Wang B, Chen L, Li P, Cao C. 2019. The different influences of drought stress at the flowering stage on rice physiological traits, grain yield, and quality. Sci Rep 9(1):1-12. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40161-0
Yeh SY, Chen HW, Ng CY, Lin CY, Tseng TH, Li WH, Ku MSB. 2015. Down-regulation of cytokinin oxidase 2 expression increases tiller number and improves rice yield. Rice 8: 36. DOI: 10.1186/s12284-015-0070-5
Zhang J, Zhang S, Cheng M, Jiang H, Zhang X, Peng C, Lu X, Zhang M, Jin J. 2018. Effect of drought on agronomic traits of rice and wheat: a meta-analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health 15(5): 839. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15050839
Zheng M, Tao Y, Hussain S, Jiang Q, Peng S, Huang J, Cui K, Nie L. 2016. Seed priming in dry direct-seeded rice: consequences for emergence, seedling growth and associated metabolic events under drought stress. Plant Growth Reg 78:167-178. DOI: 10.1007/s10725-015-0083-5
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