The dynamics of Arthropod diversity and abundance in rice field ecosystem in Central Lombok, Indonesia
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Abstract. Thei RSP, Abadi AL, Mudjiono G, Suprayogo D. 2020. The dynamics of Arthropod diversity and abundance in rice field ecosystem in Central Lombok, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 5850-5857. Arthropods have roles as pests, decomposers, pollinators, and natural enemies of pests. Natural enemies play a vital role in pest population control by predation or parasitism. A study of the arthropod community in the rice field ecosystem was conducted in Central Lombok, Indonesia from December 2009 to March 2010 in order to elucidate the composition, structure, and dynamic diversity of arthropods present. Arthropod sampling was done by pitfall traps, yellow pan traps, and insect net. Arthropod dynamic diversity, especially of natural enemies, was determined by diversity index, dominance index, evenness analysis, and pictorial analysis. Based on taxonomical perspective, as many as 98 arthropod species were found, including 85 insect species from 59 families and 9 orders; and 13 spider species in 6 families. Based on the ecological functions, predator arthropods were the most common (33 species, dominated by spiders), but the phytophage arthropods had the most species richness (49.34%). A high Shannon index (3.18) and Pilou index (0.7) indicated dominant arthropods in the ecosystem. Arthropod species richness and diversity increased alongside rice development and decreased after harvest.
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References
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Clausen CP. 1940. Entomophagous Insects. McGraw-Hill, New York.
Disney RHL, Erzinclioglu YZ, Henshaw CD, De Howse J, Unwin DM, Withers P, Woods A. 1982. Collecting methods and the adequacy of attempted fauna surveys, with reference to the Diptera. Field Studies 5: 607-621.
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Odum EP. 1993. Fundamentals of Ecology. Saunders College Publishing, Philadelphia.
Rahayu S, Setiawan A, Husaeni EA, Suyanto. 2006. Biological control Xylosandrus compactus in multistrata coffee agroforestry: A case study from Sumberjaya District, West Lampung. Agrivita 28(3): 268-297.
Rauf A. 1996. Utilization of Predators and Parasitoids in Integrated Pest Management. Meeting of Utilization of Biological Agent and Pesticide of Vegetable as Controlling Facilities. OPT, Pasuruan.
Settle WH, Ariawan H, Astuti ET, Cahyana W, Hakim AL, Hindayana D, Lestari AS. 1996. Managing tropical rice pest through conservation of generalist natural enemies and alternative prey. Ecology 77(7): 1975-1988. DOI: 10.2307/2265694
Southwood TRE. 1980. Ecological Methods; With Particular Reference to the Study of Insect Populations. Chapman and Hall, London.
Sujatha S, Vidya LS, Sumi G. 2012. Prey-predator interaction and info-chemical behavior of Rhynocoris fuscipes (Fab.) on three agricultural pests (Heteroptera: Reduviidae). Journal of Entomology 9(2): 130-136. DOI: 10.3923/je.2012.130.136
Swift MJ, Anderson JM. 1993. Biodiversity and ecosystem function in agricultural systems. In: ED Schultze, H Mooney (eds) Biodiversity and Ecosystem Function. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Triwidodo H. 2003. Planning & analyzing planning for biodiversity research & community ecology. Institut Pertanian Bogor, Indonesia.
van Emden HF, Dabrowski ZT. 1997. Issues of biodiversity in pest management. Insect Science and Application 15: 605-620.
Altieri MA, Letourneau DK. 1982. Vegetation management and biological control in agroecosystems. Crop Protection 1(4): 405-430. DOI: 10.1016/0261-2194(82)90023-0
Altieri MA, Nicholls CI. 2004. Biodiversity and Pest Management in Agroecosystems. CRC Press, New York.
Arifin M, Suryawan IBG, Priyanto BH, Alwi A. 1997. Diversitas arthropoda pada berbagai teknik penanaman padi di Pemalang, Jawa Tengah. Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan 15(2): 5-12.
Bambaradeniya CNB. 2000. Ecology and Biodiversity in An Irrigated Rice Field Ecosystem in Sri Lanka. [PhD Dissertation]. University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka.
Bambaradeniya CNB, Edirisinghe JP. 2008. Composition, structure and dynamics of arthropod communities in a rice agro-ecosystem. Ceylon Journal of Science 37(1): 23-48. DOI: 10.4038/cjsbs.v37i1.494
Brown MW, Schmitt JJ, Abraham BJ. 2003. Seasonal and diurnal dynamics of spider (Araneae) in West Virginia orchards and the effect of orchard management on spider communities. Environmental Entomology 32(4): 830-839. DOI: 10.1603/0046-225X-32.4.830
Clausen CP. 1940. Entomophagous Insects. McGraw-Hill, New York.
Disney RHL, Erzinclioglu YZ, Henshaw CD, De Howse J, Unwin DM, Withers P, Woods A. 1982. Collecting methods and the adequacy of attempted fauna surveys, with reference to the Diptera. Field Studies 5: 607-621.
Flint ML, Van den Bosch R. 1981. Introduction to Integrated Pest Management. Plenum Press, New York.
Hadlington PW, Johnston JA. 1987. An Introduction to Australian Insects. South China Printing Co, Hongkong.
Heong KL, Aquino GB, Barrion AT. 1991. Arthropod community structures of rice ecosystems in the Philippines. Bulletin of Entomological Research 81(4): 407-416. DOI: 10.1017/S0007485300031977
Herlinda S. 2000. Analisis Komunitas Arthropoda Predator Penghuni Lansekap Persawahan di Daerah Cianjur, Jawa Barat. [PhD Dissertation]. Institut Pertanian Bogor, Indonesia.
Kalshoven LGE. 1981. Pest of Crops in Indonesia. PT. Ichtiar Baru, Jakarta.
Karindah S, Yanuwiadi B, Sulistiawati L, Green PT. 2011. Abundance of Metioche vittaticollis (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) and natural enemies in a rice agroecosystem as influenced by weed species. Agrivita 33(2): 133-141.
Laba IW. 2001. Keanekaragaman hayati arthropoda dan peran musuh alami hama padi utama dalam ekosistem lahan basah. Makalah Falsafah Sains (PPs IPB 702): 1-17.
Lawrence JF, Britton EB. 1994. Australian Beetles. Melbourne University Press, Victoria.
Ludwig JA, Reynolds JF. 1988. Statistical Ecology: A Primer on Methods and Computing. John Wiley & Sons, New York.
Odum EP. 1993. Fundamentals of Ecology. Saunders College Publishing, Philadelphia.
Rahayu S, Setiawan A, Husaeni EA, Suyanto. 2006. Biological control Xylosandrus compactus in multistrata coffee agroforestry: A case study from Sumberjaya District, West Lampung. Agrivita 28(3): 268-297.
Rauf A. 1996. Utilization of Predators and Parasitoids in Integrated Pest Management. Meeting of Utilization of Biological Agent and Pesticide of Vegetable as Controlling Facilities. OPT, Pasuruan.
Settle WH, Ariawan H, Astuti ET, Cahyana W, Hakim AL, Hindayana D, Lestari AS. 1996. Managing tropical rice pest through conservation of generalist natural enemies and alternative prey. Ecology 77(7): 1975-1988. DOI: 10.2307/2265694
Southwood TRE. 1980. Ecological Methods; With Particular Reference to the Study of Insect Populations. Chapman and Hall, London.
Sujatha S, Vidya LS, Sumi G. 2012. Prey-predator interaction and info-chemical behavior of Rhynocoris fuscipes (Fab.) on three agricultural pests (Heteroptera: Reduviidae). Journal of Entomology 9(2): 130-136. DOI: 10.3923/je.2012.130.136
Swift MJ, Anderson JM. 1993. Biodiversity and ecosystem function in agricultural systems. In: ED Schultze, H Mooney (eds) Biodiversity and Ecosystem Function. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Triwidodo H. 2003. Planning & analyzing planning for biodiversity research & community ecology. Institut Pertanian Bogor, Indonesia.
van Emden HF, Dabrowski ZT. 1997. Issues of biodiversity in pest management. Insect Science and Application 15: 605-620.
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