Short Communication: Phenotypic diversity of male pelung chickens in West Java Province, Indonesia
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Abstract. Asmara IY, Garnida D, Setiawan I, Partasasmita R. 2019. Short Communication: Phenotypic diversity of male pelung chickens in West Java Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 2243-2248. Pelung chickens are indigenous chickens from Cianjur District, West Java Province, Indonesia. The male chickens have long and beautiful crowing and have a distinct body figure compared to other indigenous chickens. Chicken contests are conducted regularly as media to show singing ability and body performance of Pelung chickens. Pelung chickens raised in different areas may have different phenotypic characteristics due to keeper preferences. Also, the phenotypic characteristics of the winners of chicken contests may influence keepers to select their chickens. The objective of this study was to determine the phenotypic characteristics of male Pelung Chickens in different areas in West Java, Indonesia. Comb type, as well as the color of eye, beak, skin, plumage, and shank, were recorded in the study. Data were collected through a survey involving 160 male birds in four different districts in West Java Province including Cianjur, Sukabumi, Bandung and Garut Districts. Key informant interview was carried out to support quantitative data. The results showed a limited variation of phenotypic characteristics among male Pelung chickens. Comb type, as well as skin and plumage colors, are criteria to select male Pelung chickens. Phenotypic characteristics of contest winners are also a reference for Pelung keepers in breeding selection.
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References
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Rotimi EA, Egahi JO, Adeoye AA. 2016. Phenotypic characterization of indigenous chicken population in Gwer-West, Benue State, Nigeria. World Sci News, 53 (3): 343-353 http://www.worldscientificnews.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/WSN-533-2016-343-353.pdf
Sartika T, Iskandar S, Prasetyo LH, Takahashi H, Mitsuru M. 2004. Genetic relationships of Kampung, Pelung, Sentul and Black Kedu chickens were studied on the basis of microsatellite DNA polymorphism: I. linkage group of macrochromosome. J Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner, 9 (2): 81 – 86 [Indonesian]
Stevens, L 1991. Genetics and evolution of the domestic fowl. Cambridge University Press, Australia
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Sulandari S, Zein MSA, Sartika T. 2008. Molecular characterization of Indonesian indigenous chicken based on mitochondrial DNA displacement (D)-loop sequences. J Biosciences, 15 (4): 145-154
Tixier-Boichard M, Bed’homa B, Rognon X. 2011. Chicken domestication: From archeology to genomics. Comptes Rendus Biologies 334: 197–204
Xu J, Lin S, Gao X, Nie Q, Luo Q, Zhang X. 2017. Mapping of Id locus for dermal shank melanin in a Chinese indigenous chicken breed. J Genetics 96 (6): 977–983
Asmara IY. 2014. 'Risk Status of Selected Indigenous Chicken Breeds in Java, Indonesia: Challenges and Opportunities for Conservation', [Dissertation]. Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Faculty of Engineering, Health, Science and the Environment, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT, Australia
Asmara IY, Garnida D, Sulistyati M, Tejaningsih S, Partasasmita R. 2018. Knowledge and perception of pelung keepers’s toward chicken contests in West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas, 19 (6):2232-2237 http://biodiversitas.mipa.uns.ac.id/D/D1906.htm
Asmara IY, Garnida D, Tanwiriah W. Partasasmita R. 2019. Qualitative morphological diversity of female Pelung Chickens in West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20 (1): 126-133 http://biodiversitas.mipa.uns.ac.id/D/D2001.htm
Bai H, Zhu J, Sun Y, Liu R, Liu N, Li D, Wen J, Chen J. 2014.Identification of Genes Related to Beak Deformity of Chickens Using Digital Gene Expression Profiling. PLOS ONE 9 (9): e107050 https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0107050
Bortoluzzi C, Crooijmans RPMA, Bosse M, Hiemstra SJ, Groenen MAM, Jan Megens H. 2018. The effects of recent changes in breeding preferences on maintaining traditional Dutch chicken genomic diversity. Heredity, 121(6):564-578
Brown MM, Alenyorege B, Teye GA, Roessler R. 2017. Phenotypic diversity, major genes and production potential of local chickens and guinea fowl in Tamale, northern Ghana. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 30:1372-1381 https://www.ajas.info/current/index.php?vol=30&no=10
Corti E, Vogelaar E. 2010. Concerning poultry: the eye, Avia-culture Europe. http://www.aviculture-europe.nl/nummers/10E06A11.pdf
Dana N, van der Waaij LH, Dessie T, van Arendonk JAM. 2010. Production objectives and trait preferences of village poultry producers of Ethiopia: implications for designing breeding schemes utilizing indigenous chicken genetic resources. Trop Anim Health Product 42:1519–1529
Duguma R. 2006. Phenotypic characterization of some indigenous chicken ecotypes of Ethiopia. Livestock Rese Rural Develop 18 (9) http://www.lrrd.org/lrrd18/9/cont1809.htm
Ellett A. 2000. Melanocortin-1-Receptor (MCR-1) gene polymorphisms associated with the chicken E locus alleles. Inquiry: The University of Arkansas Undergraduate. Res J 1: 1-5
Gao YS, Jia X, Tang X, Fan Y, Lu J, Huang S, Tang M. 2017. The genetic diversity of chicken breeds from Jiangxi, assessed with BCDO2 and the complete mitochondrial DNA D-loop region. PLOS ONE 0173192 1-13 https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0173192
Gwaza DS, Dim NI, Momoh OM. 2018. Inheritance of qualitative traits in two populations of Nigerian local chicken ecotypes. J Res Rep Genet 2 (2): 22-28 http://www.alliedacademies.org/articles/inheritance-of-qualitative-traits-in-two-populations-of-nigerian-local-chickenecotypes-10326.html
HIPPAPI. 2000. Guidelines of standardization and development of pelung chickens (Gallus domesticus var pelung). HIPPAPI of Cianjur, Cianjur, West Java, Indonesia. [Indonesian]
HIPPAPI. 2012. Regeneration and training for juries of pelung chickens. HIPPAPI of Cianjur, Cianjur, West Java, Indonesia. [Indonesian]
Iskandar S, Susanti T. 2007. Characteristics and use of pelung chickens in Indonesia. Wartazoa, 17 (3): 128-136 [Indonesian]
Jorge W, Cunha LM. 2008. Inheritance of a new albino mutation in Brazilian free-range black chickens. Brazilian J Poultry Sci 10 (3): 153 – 156
Kerje S, Lind J, Schutz K. Jensen P, Andersson L. 2003. Melanocortin 1-receptor (MC1R) mutations are associated with plumage colour in chicken. Anim Gen 34: 241–248
Komiyama T, Lin M. Ogura A. 2016. A CGH Analysis to Estimate Genetic Variations among Domesticated Chickens, BioMed Res Int 2016 ID 1794329 1-8 https://www.hindawi.com/journals/bmri/2016/1794329/
Liyanage RP, Dematawewa CMB, Silva GLLP. 2015. Comparative study on morphological and morphometric features of village chicken in Sri Lanka. Trop Agri Res, 26 (2): 261 – 273
Markos S, Belay B, Dessie T. 2016. Village chicken breeding practices, objectives and farmers’ trait preferences in western zone of Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. J Agri Res Develop 6 (1): 001-011 http://www.e3journals.org/cms/articles/1470802366_Markos%20et%20al..pdf
Mortensen A. 2006. Carotenoids and other pigments as natural colorants. Pure Appl Chem 78 (8): 1477–1491
Negro JJ, Blázquez MC, Galván I. 2017. Intraspecific eye color variability in birds and mammals: a recent evolutionary event exclusive to humans and domestic animals. Frontiers Zool 14 (53):1-6 https://frontiersinzoology.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12983-017-0243-8
Nataamijaya AG. 2000. The native chicken of Indonesia. Bulletin Germ Plasm 6 (1): 1-6
Nataamijaya AG. 2005. Phenotypic characteristics of plumage pattern, skin, shank and beak of pelung chickens in Garut and Sentul chickens in Ciamis . Bulletin Plasma Nutfah, 11(1): 1-6 [Indonesian]
Rotimi EA, Egahi JO, Adeoye AA. 2016. Phenotypic characterization of indigenous chicken population in Gwer-West, Benue State, Nigeria. World Sci News, 53 (3): 343-353 http://www.worldscientificnews.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/WSN-533-2016-343-353.pdf
Sartika T, Iskandar S, Prasetyo LH, Takahashi H, Mitsuru M. 2004. Genetic relationships of Kampung, Pelung, Sentul and Black Kedu chickens were studied on the basis of microsatellite DNA polymorphism: I. linkage group of macrochromosome. J Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner, 9 (2): 81 – 86 [Indonesian]
Stevens, L 1991. Genetics and evolution of the domestic fowl. Cambridge University Press, Australia
Sulandari S, Zein MSA, Paryanti S, Sartika T, Astuti M, Widjastuti T, Sujana E, Darana S, Setiawan I, Garnida D. 2007. Local chicken genetic resources, in Diwyanto K, Prijono SN. (eds), The biodiversity of Indonesia's local chicken resources: benefits and potential, LIPI Press, Jakarta, Indonesia. [Indonesian]
Sulandari S, Zein MSA, Sartika T. 2008. Molecular characterization of Indonesian indigenous chicken based on mitochondrial DNA displacement (D)-loop sequences. J Biosciences, 15 (4): 145-154
Tixier-Boichard M, Bed’homa B, Rognon X. 2011. Chicken domestication: From archeology to genomics. Comptes Rendus Biologies 334: 197–204
Xu J, Lin S, Gao X, Nie Q, Luo Q, Zhang X. 2017. Mapping of Id locus for dermal shank melanin in a Chinese indigenous chicken breed. J Genetics 96 (6): 977–983
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