The population and mortality characteristics of mangrove crab (Scylla serrata) in the mangrove ecosystem of Tarakan City, Indonesia
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Abstract. Indarjo A, Salim G, Zein M, Septian D, Bija S. 2020. The population and mortality characteristics of mangrove crab (Scylla serrata) in the mangrove ecosystem of Tarakan City, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 3856-3866. The mangrove crab is an iconic species of Tarakan City and is often is used as a souvenir. However, the high demand for this species can cause its population to decline. This study aimed to characterize the mangrove crab (Scylla serrata) population in the mangrove ecosystem of Tarakan City, North Kalimantan, Indonesia. This study was designed using a quantitative descriptive method with a case study model. The samples of mangrove crabs were obtained from 6 different stations using a purposive sampling method. The mangrove crab specimens were caught using 35-50 units of crab traps known as the ambau brackets. The primary data included carapace length, carapace width, carapace thickness, sex, and the total weight of each mangrove crab specimen. The results showed that male mangrove crabs have positive allometric growth when the condition index was fat. However, female crabs exhibited negative allometric growth when the condition index was thin. The Von Bertalanffy growth model analysis showed that the maximum carapace length of male mangrove crab in the mangrove ecosystem of Tarakan City was approximately 11.1118 cm for 189 days, while the female length was 9.6474 cm for 80 days. The total mortality value of male and female crabs was 120.01% and 154.94%, the mortality due to fishing was 84.69% and 135.75%, and natural mortality was 35.32% and 19.2%, respectively. The estimated rate of exploitation of both male and female crabs was 70.57% and 87.61%, respectively. The exploitation of S. serrata in the mangrove ecosystem of Tarakan City was evident, hence, conservation efforts are urgently required.
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References
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Agus, M. (2008). Analisis carryng capacity tambak pada sentra budidaya kepiting bakau (scylla sp) di kabupaten pemalang–jawa tengah. Program Pascasarjana Universitas Diponegoro.
Bonine, K. M., Bjorkstedt, E. P., Ewel, K. C., & Palik, M. (2008). Population Characteristics of the Mangrove Crab Scylla serrata (Decapoda: Portunidae) in Kosrae, Federated States of Micronesia: Effects of Harvest and Implications for Management1. Pacific Science, 62(1), 1–19.
Dumas, P., Léopold, M., Frotté, L., & Peignon, C. (2012). Mud crab ecology encourages site-specific approaches to fishery management. Journal of Sea Research, 67(1), 1–9.
Effendi, H. (2003). Telaah kualitas air, bagi pengelolaan sumber daya dan lingkungan perairan. Kanisius.
Effendie, M. (1979). Metode biologi perikanan. Yayasan Dewi Sri. Bogor.
Effendie, M. I. (1979). Metoda Biologi Perikanan. Yayasan Dewi Sri.
Effendie, M. I. (2002). Biologi Perikanan. In Yayasan Pustaka Nusatama. Yogyakarta.
Firdaus, M., Lelono, T. D., Saleh, R., Bintoro, G., & Salim, G. (2018). The expression of the body shape in fish species harpadon nehereus (Hamilton, 1822) in the waters of juata laut, tarakan city, north kalimantan. AACL Bioflux, 11(3).
Firdaus, Muhammad, & Salim, G. (2011). Mengkaji Populasi Ikan Puput (Ilisha elongata) yang Berasal dari Perairan Kota Tarakan. Harpodon, 4(1), 46–53.
Fujaya, Y., Azis, H. Y., & Siu, A. (2001). The effect of multivitamin enriched live food on the survival rate of the mud crab larvae. Hayati (Indonesia).
Gosling, S. D., Ko, S. J., Mannarelli, T., & Morris, M. E. (2002). A room with a cue: personality judgments based on offices and bedrooms. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 82(3), 379.
Haddon, M. (2005). Review of the Chesapeake Bay blue crab (Callinectes sapidus) 2005 stock assessment. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Chesapeake Bay Office, Annapolis, Maryland.
Hill, G. W. (1982). Group versus individual performance: Are N+ 1 heads better than one? Psychological Bulletin, 91(3), 517.
Indarjo, A., Salim, G., Zein, M., Soejarwo, P. A., Nugraeni, C. D., Bija, S., & Pham, Y. T. H. (2020). Characteristics of Von Bertalanffy Growth, Allometric, Condition Index and Mortality of Periophthalmus barbarus in Mangrove and Bekantan Conservation Area (KKMB), Tarakan, North Kalimantan. Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences/Ilmu Kelautan, 25(1).
Lagler, K F. (1949). Studies in freshwater fishery biology. J.W. Edwards.
Lagler, Karl Frank, Bardach, J. E., & Miller, R. R. (1962). Ichtiology. Wiley.
Le Vay, L. (2001). Ecology and management of mud crab Scylla spp. Asian Fisheries Science, 14(2), 101–112.
Mirera, D. (2013). Capture-based mud crab (Scylla serrata) aquaculture and artisanal fishery in East Africa - Practical and ecological perspectives. In Linnaeus University Press, Kalmar, Sweden. 280 pp. 2013.
Moosa, M. K., Aswandy, I., & Kasry, A. (1985). Kepiting bakau, Scylla serrata (Forskal) dari perairan Indonesia. LON-LIPI, Jakarta, 18.
Muchlisin and Azwir. (2004). Hasil tangkapan kepiting bakau (Scylla serrata F) dengan menggunakan beberapa jenis umpan. Jurnal Ilmiah MIPA, 7(1), 57–60.
Muchlisin, Z. A., Rudi, E., Muhammad, M., & Setiawan, I. (2006). Pengaruh Perbedaan Jenis Pakan dan Ransum Harian Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Kelangsungan Hidup Kepiting Bakau (Scylla serrata). ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences, 11(4), 227–233.
Ningsih, R. (2014). Penyuluhan Hygiene Sanitasi Makanan dan Minuman, Serta Kualitas Makanan yang Dijajakan Pedagang di Lingkungan SDN Kota Samarinda. KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 10(1), 64–72.
Pauly, D. (1984). Fish population dynamics in tropical waters: a manual for use with programmable calculators (Vol. 8). WorldFish.
Rahman, K., Khan, A., Muhammad, N. M., Jo, J., & Choi, K.-H. (2012). Fine-resolution patterning of copper nanoparticles through electrohydrodynamic jet printing. Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering, 22(6), 65012.
Salim, G. (2013). Nilai indeks kondisi dari ikan siganus javus berdasarkan hasil tangkapan nelayan di Perairan Juata Kota Tarakan. Jurnal Harpodon Borneo, 8(1), 37–42.
Salim, Gazali. (2010). Kajian Pertumbuhan ikan beronang tulis (Siganus javus) menggunakan pendekatan Von Bertalanffy. Jurnal Harpodon Borneo, 3(1).
Salim, Gazali. (2015). Analisis Pertumbuhan Allometri dan Indeks Kondisi Caesio cunning Didapatkan dari Hasil Tangkapan Nelayan Kota Tarakan. Jurnal Harpodon Borneo, 8(1), 35–42.
Salim, Gazali, Rachmawani, D., & Septian, D. (2018). ANALISIS MODEL SIFAT PERTUMBUHAN DAN INDEKS KONDISI KEPITING BAKAU (Scylla serrata) YANG BERASAL DARI PERAIRAN ESTUARIA KOTA TARAKAN. Jurnal Borneo Saintek, 1(3), 1–12.
Sara, L. (2010). Study on the size structure and population parameters of mud crab Scylla serrata in Lawele Bay, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. Journal of Coastal Development, 13(2), 133–147.
Sarwono, J. (2006). Teori Analisis Korelasi Mengenal Analisis Korelasi. Diambil Dari Http://Www. Jonathansarwono. Info/Korelasi/Korelasi. Htm, Diakses, 1.
Sentosa, A. A., & Syam, A. R. (2011). Sebaran temporal faktor kondisi kepiting bakau (Scylla serrata) di Perairan Pantai Mayangan, Kabupaten Subang, Jawa Barat. Jurnal Perikanan Universitas Gadjah Mada, 13(1), 35–43.
Siahainenia, L. (2008). Bioekologi kepiting bakau (Scylla spp) di ekosistem mangrove Kabupaten Subang Jawa Barat. Disertasi. Sekolah Pascasarjana Institut Pertanian Bogor. Bogor.
Sparre, P. Dan S.C, V. (1999). Introduksi Pengkajian Stok Ikan Tropis 2?: Latihan. Jakarta: Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perikanan.
Sparre, P., & Venema, S. C. (1998). Introduction to tropical fish stock assessment, Vol. 1. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper, Rome.
Sunarti, Y., Soejoedono, R. D., Mayasari, N. L. P. I., & Tahya, A. M. (2016). RNA expression of farnesoic acid O-methyl transferase in mandibular organ of intermolt and premolt mud crabs Scylla olivacea. Aquaculture, Aquarium, Conservation & Legislation, 9(2), 270–275.
Syakila, S. (2009). Studi Dinamika Stok Ikan Tembang (Sardinella fimbriata) di Perairan Teluk Pelabuhan Ratu, Kabupaten Sukabumi, Provinsi Jawa Barat. Skripsi IPB. Bogor.
Tahmid, M., Fahrudin, A., & Wardiatno, Y. (2015). The assessment of size structure and population parameters of mud crab (Scylla serrata) in mangrove ecosystem of Bintan Bay, Riau Islands. Jurnal Biologi Tropis, 15(2), 93–104.
Tahya, A. M., Zairin Jr, M., Boediono, A., Artika, I. M., & Suprayudi, M. A. (2016). Expression of RNA encode FAMeT in mandibular organ of mud crabs Scylla olivacea. International Journal of PharmTech Research, 9(3), 219–223.
Talib, M. F. (2008). Struktur dan Pola Zonasi (Sebaran) Mangrove Serta Makrozoobenthos yang Berkoeksistensi. Di Desa Tanah Merah Dan Oebelo Kecil Kabupaten Kupang [Skripsi] Institut Pertanian Bogor (IPB), Fakultas Perikanan Dan Ilmu Kelautan.
Weatherley, A. H. (1972). Growth and Ecology of Fish population. Academic Press.
Wijaya, N. I. (2011). Pengelolaan zona pemanfaatan ekosistem mangrove melalui optimasi pemanfaatan sumberdaya kepiting bakau (Scylla serata) di Taman Nasional Kutai Provinsi Kalimantan Timur.[Disertasi]. Bogor (ID): IPB.
Zafar, M., Amin, S. M. N., & Rahman, M. M. (2006). Population dynamics of mud crab (Scylla serrata) in the southeastern coastal region of Bangladesh. Asian Fisheries Science, 19(1/2), 43.
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