Diversity and distribution of epiphytic lichens on Cedrus atlantica and Quercus faginea in Mount Babor Forest, Algeria
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Abstract. Belguidoum A, Lograda T, Ramdani M. 2021. Diversity and distribution of epiphytic lichens on Cedrus atlantica and Quercus faginea in Mount Babor Forest, Algeria. Biodiversitas 22: 887-899. Information about lichen diversity in Algeria is limited despite their important role as biological indicators of ecosystem health. The aim of the study was to carry out an inventory of epiphytic lichens in the Mount Babor Forest on two types of phorophytes (host trees), i.e., Cedrus atlantica and Quercus faginea, in varying altitudinal gradients and the diameter of host tree. The similarity of the sampled sites was assessed by the Sorensen index (?). Sixty-six species of epiphytic lichens were identified, which belong to 24 families and 38 genera. C. atlantica hosted a higher number of species than Q. faginea. The majority of lichen on C. atlantica belonged to the Parmeliaceae family, whereas those on Q. faginea belonged to the Physciaceae family. Crustose and foliose lichens were the most common species in the study area. The results showed the existence of a distinct relationship between the parameters of the distribution (i.e., tree diameter, elevation) and the specific lichen richness. The greatest number of lichen species (59 species) was observed on large diameter trunks (41-60 cm). Lichen diversity increased along with the increase in altitude. Sorensen’s similarity index revealed the presence of heterogeneity in the community composition of lichen vegetation.
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References
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Boni S, Yorou NS. 2015. Diversité et variabilité inter-ethniques dans la consommation de champignons sauvages de la région de N'Dali au Bénin. Tropicultura 33(4).?
Bougaham AF, Bouchibane M, Véla E. 2015. Inventaire des orchidées de la Kabylie des Babors (Algérie), éléments de cartographie et enjeux patrimoniaux. Journal Europäischer Orchideen 47(1): 89.?
Bougaham AF, Rebbas K. 2020. Nouvelle station de Cephalanthera rubra (Orchidaceae) au Babor (nord-est de l’Algérie) New station of Cephalanthera rubre (Orchidaceae) in Babor (northeastern Algeria). Bulletin de la Société Royale des Sciences de Liège 89: 115-122. DOI: ./-.%./-.
Bougaham AF, Rebbas K, Vela E. 2020. Découverte d’Epipactis microphylla (Orchidaceae) au Mount Babor (nord-est de l’Algérie), orchidée nouvelle pour l’Afrique du Nord.? Fl. Medit. 30: 261-271. Boutabia L, Telailia S, de Belair, G. 2015. Corticolous lichen flora on Quercus suber L. in the wetlands of El Kala national park (North-Eastern Algeria). Advances in Environmental Biology 360-373.?
Boutabia L, Telailia S, Slimani A, Mokni RE. 2018. Diversity of epiphytic lichen flora of kermes oak formations (Quercus coccifera) from the El kala littoral (extreme northeastern Algeria). Journal of New Sciences, Agriculture and Biotechnology, 3299-3307.?
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Bricaud O. 2010. Les lichens des forêts de la région méditerranéenne française et leur relation avec la continuité écologique des boisements. Rapport WWF-AFL, Marseille, 118p, Ecologie des lichens et de leurs groupements en milieu forestier 7p. http://www.foretsanciennes.fr/wp-content/uploads/Bricaud_2010_BD.pdf
Cobanoglu G, Sevgi O. 2009. Analysis of the distribution of epiphytic lichens on Cedrus libani in Elmali Research Forest (Antalya, Turkey). Journal of environmental Biology 30(2), 205-212.? http://www.jeb.co.in/journal_issues/200903_mar09/paper_08.pdf
Da Silva Cáceres ME, Aptroot A, Lücking R. 2017. Lichen fungi in the Atlantic rain forest of Northeast Brazil: the relationship of species richness with habitat diversity and conservation status. Brazilian Journal of Botany 40(1): 145-156.? DOI 10.1007/s40415-016-0323-6
Journal Officiel De La Republique Algerienne Democratique, Décret exécutif no 12-03 du 10 Safar 1433 correspondant au 4 janvier 2012 fixant la liste des espèces végétales non cultivées protégées. https://www.joradp.dz/FTP/JO-FRANCAIS/2012/F2012003.pdf
El Mokni R, Boutabia L, Sebei H, El-Aouni MH. 2015. Species richness, distribution, bioindication and ecology of lichens in oak forests of Kroumiria, North West of Tunisia. J. Bio. Env. Sci, 7(2): 32-60.? https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.734.6900&rep=rep1&type=pdf
Eversman S. 2001. Recolonization of substrates burned in the 1988 Yellowstone park fires by cryptogams (Lichens, Mosses, and Fungi). The UW National Parks Service Research Station Annual Reports 25: 113-118. https://doi.org/10.13001/uwnpsrc.2001.3471
Flakus A. 2013. Foliicolous lichenized fungi of lowland Amazon forests in Pando, Bolivia. Polish Botanical Journal 58(2): 539-554.?
Gauslaa Y. 2014. Rain, dew, and humid air as drivers of morphology, function and spatial distribution in epiphytic lichens. The Lichenologist 46(1): 1-16.? doi:10.1017/S0024282913000753
Gharzouli R. 2007. Flore et végétation de la kabylie des babors : étude floristique et phytosociologique des groupements forestiers et post-forestiers des djebels Takoucht, Adrar ou-Mellal, Tababort et Babor. Thèse de Doct. Univ. Sétif. http://dspace.univ-setif.dz:8888/jspui/handle/123456789/1277
Hauck M. 2011. Site factors controlling epiphytic lichen abundance in northern coniferous forests. Flora-Morphology, Distribution, Functional Ecology of Plants 206(2): 81-90. .
Hedenås H, Ericson L. 2000. Epiphytic macrolichens as conservation indicators: successional sequence in Populustremulastands. Biological conservation 93(1), 43-53.? https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-3207(99) 00113-5
Jans HM. 2011. Guide des fougères, mousses et lichens d’Europe, Ed. Delachaux et Niestlé.?
Johansson P, Rydin H, Thor G. 2007. Tree age relationships with epiphytic lichen diversity and lichen life history traits on ash in southern Sweden. Ecoscience 14(1): 81-91.? DOI: 10.2980/1195-6860(2007)14[81:TARWEL]2.0.CO;2
Jonsson BG, Jonsell M. 1999. Exploring potential biodiversity indicators in boreal forests. Biodiversity and Conservation 8(10): 1417-1433. ?https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008900309571
Kantvilas G, Jarman SJ. 2004. Lichens and bryophytes on Eucalyptus obliqua in Tasmania: management implications in production forests. Biological Conservation 117(4): 359-373.? https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2003.08.001
Ledant JP. 1981. Conservation et fragilité de la forêt de Babor, habitat de la Sittelle kabyle. Aves, 18: 1-9.?
Ledant JP, Jacobs P, Ochando B, Renault J. 1985. Dynamique de la Forêt du Mont babor et préférences écologiques de la sittelle kabyle Sitta ledanti. Biological conservation 32(3): 231-254.?
?ubek A, Kukwa M, Jaroszewicz B, Czortek P. 2018. Changes in the epiphytic lichen biota of Bia?owie?a Primeval Forest are not explained by climate warming. Science of The Total Environment 643: 468–478. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.06.22
Massari G, Ravera S. 2002. Epiphytic lichen vegetation of the Cedrus atlantica forests (Morocco). Ecologia mediterranea 28(2): 51-57.? https://doi.org/10.3406/ecmed.2002.1573
Miller JE, Root HT, Safford HD. 2018. Altered fire regimes cause long?term lichen diversity losses. Global change biology 24(10): 4909-4918. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14393
Mishra GK, Upreti DK. 2016. Diversity and distribution of macro-lichen in Kumaun Himalaya, Uttarakhand. International Journal of Advanced Research 4(2): 912-925.
Mohamed AH, Miara MD, Rebbas K, Slimani A, Ravera S, Hamer EAS. 2014. Mise à jour de l’inventaire des lichens d’Algérie. Revue Ecologie-Environment 10: 75-103.?
Monia AA, Rafika B, Tarek H. 2017. Lichen diversity in the Edough Peninsula, North East of Algeria. Bot complut 42(2018): 9-18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5209/BOCM.61381
Moning C, Werth S, Dziock F, Bässler C, Bradtka J, Hothorn T, Mueller J. 2009. Lichen diversity in temperate montane forests is influenced by forest structure more than climate. Forest ecology and management 258(5): 745-751.? https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2009.05.015
Nardi P, Di Matteo G, Palahi M, Scarascia MG. 2016. Structure and evolution of Mediterranean forest research: a science mapping approach. PloS one 11(5): e0155016. ?DOI: .
Nascimbene J, Marini L, Motta R, Nimis PL. 2009. Influence of tree age, tree size and crown structure on lichen communities in mature Alpine spruce forests. Biodiversity and conservation 18(6): 1509.? DOI:10.1007/s10531-008-9537-7
Normann F, Weigelt P, Gehrig-Downie C, Gradstein SR, Sipman HJ, Obregon A, Bendix J. 2010. Diversity and vertical distribution of epiphytic macrolichens in lowland rain forest and lowland cloud forest of French Guiana. Ecological Indicators 10(6): 1111-1118.? https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2010.03.008
Ozenda P, and Clauzade G. 1970. Les lichens. Etude biologique et flore illustrée. Ed. Masson et Cie. Paris, France.
Pinho P, Bergamini A, Carvalho P, Branquinho C, Stofer S, Scheidegger C, Maguas C. 2012. Lichen functional groups as ecological indicators of the effects of land-use in Mediterranean ecosystems. Ecological indicators 15(1): 36-42. ?https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2011.09.022
Plata ER, Lücking R. 2013. High diversity of Graphidaceae (lichenized Ascomycota: Ostropales) in Amazonian Perú. Fungal Diversity 58(1): 13-32.? https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-012-0172-y
Quézel P, and Santa S. 1962. Nouvelle flore de l’Algérie et des régions désertiques méridionales, T1. Paris.
Quézel P, Médail F. 2003. Que faut-il entendre par" forêts méditerranéennes. Forêt méditerranéenne 24(1): 11-31. http://www.foret-mediterraneenne.org/upload/biblio/FORET_MED_2003_1_11-31.pdf
Radies DN, Coxson DS. 2004. Macrolichen colonization on 120–140 year old Tsugaheterophylla in wet temperate rainforests of central-interior British Columbia: a comparison of lichen response to even-aged versus old-growth stand structures. The Lichenologist 36(3-4): 235-247.? https://doi.org/10.1017/S0024282904014227
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