Resistance of Capsicum annuum genotypes against various isolates of Phytophthora capsici from Java, Indonesia
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Abstract. Wartono, Wiyono S, Syukur M, Giyanto, Lestari P. 2019. Resistance of Capsicum annuum genotypes against various isolates of Phytophthora capsici from Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 3723-3730. Phytophthora capsici Leonian is one of the pathogenic oomycetes that can reduce chilli production worldwide. In this study, Indonesian local chilli genotypes were evaluated for their resistance to P.capsici on chilli in Java, under controlled conditions. P. capsici used in this study consisted of four isolates derived from chilli plants in Java Island. The chilli genotypes tested were 38 local chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) originated from Indonesia and 3 introduced C. annuum. Inoculation was carried out by drenching 5 ml suspension of zoospore (1 x 104) on the growing medium suitable for the oomycetes around the plant. Disease symptom was measured at 21 days after inoculation. Salicylic acid and b-1.3-glucanase analyses were conducted to 7-week old plant with specific interval. Molecular characterization to complement disease assay was carried out using SCAR primers (OpD04,717-F/D04,717-R). Significant differences were found in genotypes, isolates, and interactions between chilli genotypes x P. capsici isolates. Four tested isolates had different levels of virulence ranging from moderate (CpnsCK1, KdrRM3, WnsbCk) to high (WnsbCK2). The chilli genotypes revealed high partial resistance to P. capsici, as demonstrated by six genotypes resistant to CpnsCK1, two genotypes to KdrRM3, and one genotype resistant to WnsbCK1. Resistance of one of chilli pepper, Ungara was positively associated with an increase of salicylic acid and b-1.3-glucanase. There is no association between the SCAR marker with resistance of chilli to P. capsici suggested these pathogens from Java are probably controlled by another locus which is not detected by this SCAR marker.
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References
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Candole BL, Conner PJ, Ji P. 2010. Screening Capsicum annuum accessions for resistance to six isolates of Phytophthora capsici. HortScience 45:254–259.
Da Silva GF, Dos Santos JB, Ramalho MAP. 2003. Identification of SSR and RAPD markers linked to a resistance allele for angular leaf spot in the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) line ESAL 550. Genetica and Molecular Biology 26(4):459–463.
Dempsey DA, Shah J, Klessig DF. 1999. Salicylic acid and disease resistance in plants. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences 18(4):547–575
Direktorat Jendral Hortikultura. 2019. Data produksi sayuran. Diperoleh dari http://hortikultura2.pertanian.go.id
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Forcat S, Bennett HM, Mansfield WJ, Grant MR. 2008. A rapid and robust method for simultaneously measuring change in the phytohormones ABA, JA and SA in plants following biotic and abiotic stress. Plant Methods 4:16.
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Lamour KH, Stam R, Jupe J, Huitema E. 2012. The oomycete broadhost-range pathogen Phytophthora capsici. Molecular Plant Pathology 13:329-337.
Li P, Cao S, Dai YL, Li XL, Xu DF, Guo M, Pan YM, Gao ZM. 2012. (Pythiaceae) isolates in Anhui Province of China based on ISSR-PCR markers. Genetics and Molecular Research 11(4):4285–4296.
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Ovesná J, Poláková K, Leišová L. 2002. DNA analysis and their applications in plant breeding. Czech J Genet Pl Breed 38(1):29–40.
Quirin EA, Ogundiwin EA, Prince JP, Mazourek M, Briggs MO, Chlanda TS, Kim KT, Falise M, Kang BC, Jahn MM. 2005. Development of sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) primers for the detection of Phyto.5.2, a major QTL for resistance to Phytophthora capsici Leon. in pepper. Theor Appl Genet 110:605–612.
Ryals JA, Neuenschwander UH, Willits MG, Molina A, Steiner HY, Hunt MD. 1996. Systemic acquired resistance. Plant Cell 8:1809–1819.
Sambrook J, Russell DW. 2001. Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, New York.
Silvar C, Merino F, Díaz J. 2006. Diversity of Phytophthora capsici in northwest Spain: Analysis of virulence, metalaxyl response, and molecular characterization. Plant Dis 90:1135–1142.
Smith-Becker J, Marois E, Huguet EJ, Midland SL, Sims JJ, Keen NT. 1998. Accumulation of salicylic acid and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid in phloem fluids of cucumber during systemic acquired resistance is preceded by a transient increase in phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity in petioles and stems. Plant Physiol 116:231–238.
Sy O, Steiner R, Bosland PW. 2008. Recombinant Inbred Line Differential Identifies Race-Specific Resistance to Phytophthora Root Rot in Capsicum annuum. Phytopathology 98(8):867–870
Syukur M, Sujiprihati S, Yunianti R, Nida K. 2010b. The estimation of variance component, heritability, and correlation to determine selection criteria in the F5 population of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). J Hort Indonesia 1:74–80.
Syukur M, Sujiprihati S, Yunianti R, Kusumah D.A. 2011. Estimation of genetic variance and heritability for yield component characters in chili pepper genotypes. J Agrivigor 10:148–156.
Syukur M, Sujiprihati S, Yunianti R, Kusumah DA. 2010a. Yield evaluation of pepper hybrids and their adaptation at four locations in two years. Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia 38(1):43–51.
Truong HTH, Kim KT, Kim DW, Kim S, Chae Y, Park JH, Oh DG, Cho MC. 2012. Identification of isolate specific resistance to Phytophthora root rot in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Plant Pathology 61:48–56.
Verberne MC, Verpoorte R, Bol JF, Mercado-Blanco J, Linthorst HJM. 2000. Overproduction of salicylic acid in plants by bacterial transgenes enhances pathogen resistance. Nature Biotech 18:779-783.
Wang JE, Li DW, Zhang YL, Zhao Q, He YM, Gong ZH. 2013. Defence responses of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) infected with incompatible and compatible strains of Phytophthora capsici. Eur J Plant Pathol 136:625–638.
Barchenger DW, Lamour KH, Bosland PW. 2018. Challenges and Strategies for Breeding Resistance in Capsicum annuum to the Multifarious Pathogen, Phytophthora capsici. Frontiers in Plant Science 9(628):1–16.
Bosland P, Lindsey D. 1991. A seedling screen for Phytophthora root rot of pepper, Capsicum annuum. Plant Dis 75:1048–1050.
Café-Filho AC, Ristaino JB. 2008. Fitness of isolates of Phytophthora capsici resistant to mefenoxam from squash and pepper fields in North Carolina. Plant Dis 92:1439–1443.
Candole BL, Conner PJ, Ji P. 2010. Screening Capsicum annuum accessions for resistance to six isolates of Phytophthora capsici. HortScience 45:254–259.
Da Silva GF, Dos Santos JB, Ramalho MAP. 2003. Identification of SSR and RAPD markers linked to a resistance allele for angular leaf spot in the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) line ESAL 550. Genetica and Molecular Biology 26(4):459–463.
Dempsey DA, Shah J, Klessig DF. 1999. Salicylic acid and disease resistance in plants. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences 18(4):547–575
Direktorat Jendral Hortikultura. 2019. Data produksi sayuran. Diperoleh dari http://hortikultura2.pertanian.go.id
Doyle JJ, Doyle JL. 1990. Isolation of plant DNA from fresh tissue. Focus 12, 13–15.
Forcat S, Bennett HM, Mansfield WJ, Grant MR. 2008. A rapid and robust method for simultaneously measuring change in the phytohormones ABA, JA and SA in plants following biotic and abiotic stress. Plant Methods 4:16.
Glosier BR, Ogundiwin EA, . Sidhu GS, Sischo DR, Prince JP. 2008. A differential series of pepper (Capsicum annuum) lines delineates fourteen physiological races of Phytophthora capsici. Euphytica 162:23–30.
González-Gallegos E, Laredo-Alcalá E, Ascacio-Valdés J, Jasso de Rodríguez D, Hernández-Castillo FD. 2015. Changes in the production of salicylic and jasmonic acid in potato plants (Solanum tuberosum) as response to foliar application of biotic and abiotic inductors. American Journal of Plant Sciences 6:1785-1791.
Granke LL, Quesada-Ocampo LM, Hausbeck MK. 2012. Differences in virulence of Phytophthora capsici isolates from a worldwide collection on host fruits. Eur. J. Plant Pathol 132:281–296.
Hausbeck MK, Lamour KH. 2004. Phytophthora capsici on vegetable crops:research progress and management challenges. Plant Disease 88(12):1292-1303.
Hwang BK, Sunwoo JY, Kim YJ, Kim BS. 1992. Accumulation of b-1,3-glucanase and chitinase isoforms, and salicylic acid in the DL-b-amino-n-butyric acid-induced resistance response of pepper stems to Phytophthora capsici. Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology 51:305–322.
Hwang BK, Kim YJ, Kim CH. 1996. Differential interactions of Phytophthora capsici isolates with pepper genotypes at various plant growth stages. European Journal of Plant Pathology 102:311–316.
Jiang L, Sanogo S, Boslan PW. 2015. Using recombinant inbred lines to monitor changes in the race structure of Phytophthora capsici in chili peper in Mexico. Plant Health Progress 16(4):235–240.
Jo, Su-Jung, Shim, Sun-Ah, Soo Jang, Kyoung, Ho Choi, Yong, Kim, Jin-Cheol , Ja Choi, Gyung. 2014. Resistance of chili pepper cultivars to isolates of Phytophthora capsici. Kor J Hort Sci Technol 32(1):66–76.
Kamaluddin, Khan MA, Khan MA, Alam P, Ahmed S , Abdin MZ, Khan MN, Bhatt MA. 2014.Genetic diversity analysis and development of SCAR marker associated with stripe rust resistance in spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell). Indian Journal of Biotechnology 13:9-18.
Kim ES, Hwang BK. 1992. Virulence to korean pepper cultivars of isolates of Phytopthora capsici from different geographic areas. Plant Dis 76:486–489.
Kim YJ, Hwang BK, Park KW. 1989. Expression of age-related resistance in pepper plants infected with Phytophthora capsici. Plant Dis 73:745–747.
Kiran I, Mirza KJ, Khan S, Ram M, Abidin MZ. 2010. SCAR markers: A potential tool for authentication of herbal drugs. Fitoterpia 81:969–976.
Lamour KH, Stam R, Jupe J, Huitema E. 2012. The oomycete broadhost-range pathogen Phytophthora capsici. Molecular Plant Pathology 13:329-337.
Li P, Cao S, Dai YL, Li XL, Xu DF, Guo M, Pan YM, Gao ZM. 2012. (Pythiaceae) isolates in Anhui Province of China based on ISSR-PCR markers. Genetics and Molecular Research 11(4):4285–4296.
Mariono J, Battarai M. 2009. Chili production practices in Central Java, Indonesia. Baseline Report. Pp.85.
Oelke LM, Steiner R, Bosland PW. 2003. Differentiation of race specific resistance to Phytophthora root rot and foliar blight in Capsicum annuum. J Am Soc Hortic Sci 128:213–218.
Ovesná J, Poláková K, Leišová L. 2002. DNA analysis and their applications in plant breeding. Czech J Genet Pl Breed 38(1):29–40.
Quirin EA, Ogundiwin EA, Prince JP, Mazourek M, Briggs MO, Chlanda TS, Kim KT, Falise M, Kang BC, Jahn MM. 2005. Development of sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) primers for the detection of Phyto.5.2, a major QTL for resistance to Phytophthora capsici Leon. in pepper. Theor Appl Genet 110:605–612.
Ryals JA, Neuenschwander UH, Willits MG, Molina A, Steiner HY, Hunt MD. 1996. Systemic acquired resistance. Plant Cell 8:1809–1819.
Sambrook J, Russell DW. 2001. Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, New York.
Silvar C, Merino F, Díaz J. 2006. Diversity of Phytophthora capsici in northwest Spain: Analysis of virulence, metalaxyl response, and molecular characterization. Plant Dis 90:1135–1142.
Smith-Becker J, Marois E, Huguet EJ, Midland SL, Sims JJ, Keen NT. 1998. Accumulation of salicylic acid and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid in phloem fluids of cucumber during systemic acquired resistance is preceded by a transient increase in phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity in petioles and stems. Plant Physiol 116:231–238.
Sy O, Steiner R, Bosland PW. 2008. Recombinant Inbred Line Differential Identifies Race-Specific Resistance to Phytophthora Root Rot in Capsicum annuum. Phytopathology 98(8):867–870
Syukur M, Sujiprihati S, Yunianti R, Nida K. 2010b. The estimation of variance component, heritability, and correlation to determine selection criteria in the F5 population of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). J Hort Indonesia 1:74–80.
Syukur M, Sujiprihati S, Yunianti R, Kusumah D.A. 2011. Estimation of genetic variance and heritability for yield component characters in chili pepper genotypes. J Agrivigor 10:148–156.
Syukur M, Sujiprihati S, Yunianti R, Kusumah DA. 2010a. Yield evaluation of pepper hybrids and their adaptation at four locations in two years. Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia 38(1):43–51.
Truong HTH, Kim KT, Kim DW, Kim S, Chae Y, Park JH, Oh DG, Cho MC. 2012. Identification of isolate specific resistance to Phytophthora root rot in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Plant Pathology 61:48–56.
Verberne MC, Verpoorte R, Bol JF, Mercado-Blanco J, Linthorst HJM. 2000. Overproduction of salicylic acid in plants by bacterial transgenes enhances pathogen resistance. Nature Biotech 18:779-783.
Wang JE, Li DW, Zhang YL, Zhao Q, He YM, Gong ZH. 2013. Defence responses of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) infected with incompatible and compatible strains of Phytophthora capsici. Eur J Plant Pathol 136:625–638.
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